164 research outputs found
Use of adrenaline auto-injectors by non-medical profesionals in children with a severe allergic reaction to food.
Use of adrenaline auto-injectors by non-medical profesionals in children with a severe allergic reaction to food.
Use of adrenaline auto-injectors by non-medical profesionals in children with a severe allergic reaction to food.
Use of adrenaline auto-injectors by non-medical profesionals in children with a severe allergic reaction to food.
Testing factorization in B -> D(*)X decays
In QCD the amplitude for B0 -> D(*)+pi- factorizes in the large Nc limit or
in the large energy limit Q >> Lambda_QCD where Q = {m_b, m_c, m_b-m_c}. Data
also suggests factorization in exclusive processes B-> D* pi+ pi- pi- pi0 and
B-> D* omega pi-, however by themselves neither large Nc nor large Q can
account for this. Noting that the condition for large energy release in B0-> D+
pi- is enforced by the SV limit, m_b, m_c >> m_b-m_c >> Lambda, we propose that
the combined large Nc and SV limits justify factorization in B -> D(*) X. This
combined limit is tested with the inclusive decay spectrum measured by CLEO. We
also give exact large Nc relations among isospin amplitudes for B -> D(*)X and
B -> D(*) D-bar(*)X, which can be used to test factorization through exclusive
or inclusive measurements. Predictions for the modes B-> D(*) pi pi, B-> D(*)K
K-bar and B-> D(*) D-bar(*) K are discussed using available data.Comment: 15 pages, 3 included .eps figures, minor change
Collinear effective theory at subleading order and its application to heavy-light currents
We consider a collinear effective theory of highly energetic quarks with
energy E, interacting with collinear and soft gluons by integrating out
collinear degrees of freedom to subleading order. The collinear effective
theory offers a systematic expansion in power series of a small parameter
lambda ~ p_{\perp}/E, where p_{\perp} is the transverse momentum of a collinear
particle. We construct the effective Lagrangian to first order in ,
and discuss its features including additional symmetries such as collinear
gauge invariance and reparameterization invariance. Heavy-light currents can be
matched from the full theory onto the operators in the collinear effective
theory at one loop and to order lambda. We obtain heavy-light current operators
in the effective theory, calculate their Wilson coefficients at this order, and
the renormalization group equations for the Wilson coefficients are solved. As
an application, we calculate the form factors for decays of B mesons to light
energetic mesons to order lambda and at leading-logarithmic order in alpha_s.Comment: 29 pages, 5 figures, revised versio
Effectiveness, usability and acceptability of a smart inhaler programme in patients with asthma:protocol of the multicentre, pragmatic, open-label, cluster randomised controlled ACCEPTANCE trial
Introduction Suboptimal asthma control is associated with incorrect inhaler use and poor medication adherence, which could lead to unfavourable clinical and economic outcomes. Smart inhaler programmes using electronic monitoring devices (EMDs) could support self-management and increase medication adherence and asthma control. However, evidence on long-term benefits and acceptability is scarce. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a smart inhaler asthma self-management programme on medication adherence and clinical outcomes in adults with uncontrolled asthma, to evaluate its acceptability and to identify subgroups who would benefit most based on patient characteristics.Methods and analysis This open-label cluster randomised controlled trial of 12 months will be conducted in primary care in the Netherlands. General practices will be randomly assigned to either intervention or control group. We aim to include 242 patients. The intervention consists of (1) an EMD attached to the patient’s inhaler that measures medication use; (2) a smartphone application to set medication reminders, receive motivational messages and track asthma symptoms; and (3) a portal for healthcare professionals to view data on medication use. The control group is passively monitored by the EMD but cannot view their inhaler data or receive feedback. Eligible patients are adults with suboptimal controlled asthma (Asthma Control Questionnaire score ≥0.75) with evidence of non-adherence established by the EMD during a 6-week run-in period. Primary outcome is the difference in mean medication adherence between intervention and control group. Secondary outcomes include asthma control, asthma-related quality of life, exacerbations, acceptance, cost-effectiveness and whether the effect of the intervention on medication adherence and asthma control is modified by patient characteristics (eg, self-efficacy, medication beliefs and eHealth literacy).Trial registration numberNL7854
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