Accuracy of References in Economics Literature: A Study of Three International Journals

The investigation explores the three international level journals of Economic Subject namely Global Economic Review, International Review of Applied of Economics and International Economic Journal. 150 references were selected for the investigation and verified, and 92 errors were detected in this paper. Total 65 (54%) References were incorrect. 55% (51) minor and 45% (41) major errors were identified. A systematic policy for reference accuracy was implemented in all the three economic journals by editorial board

Perceived stress, psychological well-being and burnout among female nurses working in government hospitals

Background: Few studies have studied about the Burnout among government employed Female Nurses in India.Methods: A cross sectional survey was done by mailing questionnaires containing Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) to all 603 Nurses posted in thirty government hospitals of central India. Fifty seven percent responded and 298 valid questionnaires were analysed. Results: Sixty three nurses (21%) had GHQ 28 score more than 4 indicative of psychological distress. One hundred and forty four nurses (48.32%) had perceived stress scores above 17 in PSS -10. Age and Service were found to be negatively correlated with stress and burnout (p50 points on a scale of 0-100) were 27.2%, 14.7%, and 9.4% respectively for Personal, Work and Client related Burnout categories. More nurses employed in ICU, maternity ward, General Family Ward, Surgical wards, and Medical wards had work related burnout when compared to those in Administration, Emergency Room and VIP Wards. No significant differences were observed in the scores of GHQ-28, PSS-10 and CBI when the nurses were compared on the basis of their marital status or educational achievements. Conclusions: Prevalence of Burnout in government employed Female Nurses in India was less when compared to prevalence of burnout in nurses reported in western countries. The perceived Stress and Burnout was more in Nurses of 31-50 years age group, and being employed in the acute wards.

INTEGRATION OF AYURVEDA WITH BIOMEDICINE: A RESPONSE IDENTIFICATION CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY

Background: There is re-emergence of the integrative approach to facilitate affordable, safe and equitable health to all. Due to the active initiatives taken up by the Government of India and other stake holders the reach of Ayurveda has expanded along with wide spread consumer acceptance. The efforts to co-locate Ayurveda centers along with bio-medical facilities across India through programs like National Rural Health Mission (NRHM are limited to the extent of only physical proximity between biomedicine and Ayurveda and far away from the possibility of functional integration granulated to the level of clinical service delivery together. Objective: To document the perceptions of biomedical practitioners about Ayurveda and possible integration with the biomedicine.Methods: Survey through self administered questionnaire carried out at Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi involving 300 doctors from various biomedical medical specialties. Out of them, 98 doctors did not respond where as 202 responses were received in the stipulated format, which were analyzed, and interpreted based on standard statistical methods.Results: From the analysis of 202 responses, it is evident that all the respondents were aware of basic principles and strengths of Ayurveda. They also opined that, integration is useful to strengthen the overall health care delivery in India. Further, they expressed that the communication barrier between practitioners of Ayurveda and Biomedicine, meagre research work with respect to safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic medicines and therapies, inadequate policy initiatives are the important obstacles in realizing functional integration between Ayurveda and Biomedicine.Conclusion: The survey reported good level of awareness of biomedical practitioners and their supportive attitude about the integration. Need for upgrading the skills of Ayurveda practitioners, safety and efficacy of the medicines, interdisciplinary research, information sharing and coordination between practitioners of Ayurveda and Biomedicine are identified as essential elements for successful integration

Consumer Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Advanced Vehicle Technology Options and Fuel Types

At the time of publication J. Shin and C.R. Bhat were at the University of Texas at Ausitn. V.M. Garikapati and D. You at Arizona State University, and R.M. Pendyala at Georgia Institute of Technology.The automotive industry is witnessing a revolution with the advent of advanced vehicular technologies, smart vehicle options, and fuel alternatives. However, there is very limited research on consumer preferences for these types of vehicles. But the deployment and penetration of advanced vehicular technologies in the marketplace, and planning for possible market adoption scenarios, calls for collection and analysis of consumer preference data related to these emerging technologies. This study aims to address this gap, offering a detailed analysis of consumer preference for alternative fuel types and technology options using data collected in choice experiments conducted on a sample of consumers in South Korea. The results indicate that there is considerable heterogeneity in consumer preferences for various smart technology options such as wireless internet, vehicle connectivity, and voice command features, but relatively little heterogeneity in the preference for smart vehicle applications such as real-time traveler information on parking and traffic conditions.Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineerin

Understanding the Multiple Dimensions of Residential Choice

At the time of publication, X. Fu was at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University, C.R. Bhat at the University of Texas at Austin, R.M. Pendyala at Georgia Institute of Technology, S. Vladlamani and V.M Garikapati at Arizona State University.Residential choice may be characterized as a household’s simultaneous decisions of location, neighborhood, and dwelling. Traditional models do not account for the latent unmeasured constructs which capture individuals’ preferences for and attitudes towards residence and mode choice. This paper employs Bhat’s (2014) Generalized Heterogeneous Data Model (GHMD) to accommodate five inter-related residential choice dimensions, including residential location, neighborhood land-use pattern, public transportation availability, housing type, and dwelling ownership. Four latent variables including pro-driving, pro-public transportation, facility availability, and residential spaciousness are constructed to capture individuals’ attitudes towards travel modes and preferences for residential features. The inclusion of these latent constructs helps account for self-selection effects in residential choice processes. The determination of relationships among multiple dimensions of residential choice behavior, socio-demographics, and latent attitudes and preferences is critical to integrated land use – transport modeling and the formulation of policies as well as urban residential and neighborhood environments that cater to individual preferences and enhance quality of life.Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineerin

SEROVAR PROFILE AND DETECTION OF INVA VIRULENCE GENE AMONG NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLAE SEROVARS ISOLATED FROM ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS CASES IN COASTAL KARNATAKA, SOUTHERN INDIA

  Objective: Non-typhoidal salmonellosis is one of the leading zoonosis in the world caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS). Invasive infections with NTS serovars occurs due to the presence of virulence genes like invA along with the immunosuppressive conditions of the patient. The study was conducted to isolate and identify the NTS serovars and their antimicrobial resistance profile from patients with diarrhea and also to detect the virulence marker – invA gene among these NTS serovars.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016 at the Enteric Diseases Division, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal. 1218 fecal specimens were collected from patients with diarrhea and before antibiotic treatment. NTS serovars were identified, serotyped and then screened for the presence of invA virulence gene.Results: A total of 33 (2.7%) NTS was isolated. Salmonella typhimurium (33.34%) was predominant followed by Salmonella oslo (30.3%). Out of 33 NTS, invA was positive for 28 isolates (84.8%) of which 25 (89.3%) patients were febrile which was statistically significant (p=0.000).Conclusion: Non-typhoidal salmonellosis is an emerging global infection among immunocompromised patients. Our study showed an association between the invA gene and febrile illness among the patients suffering. Thus, this study highlights the importance of invA as a significant marker for bloodstream invasion

Buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty for anterior urethral stricture: A single-centre experience

Background :To evaluate the outcome and complications after using BMG for anterior urethral stricture. Procedure: This is a retrospective evaluation of prospectively maintained database. A total of 78 patients were operated from August 2012 to September 2019. Patients were evaluated by using IPSS score, uroflometry, post void residual urine and radiological studies. All patients were operated by using combined regional and general anaesthesia. Buccal mucosa was used in all except three where lingual mucosa was also harvested. The catheter was removed at 3-4 weeks after surgery and patients were followed up at one, three and six months, and then three monthly thereafter.The procedure was considered successful if no intervention was required after surgery. Conclusion: In 78 patient’s total of 89 procedures have been done over seven years. The procedure was successful in 84.93%, and it failed in 11 patients over a mean follow up of 45 months (7-59 months). In three patients, single DVIU was sufficient whereas in four regular CIC was required after DVIU. In four patients redo surgery was done after six months. Two patients required staged procedure and in three permanent perineal urethrostomy were made due to poor urethral condition, all in older patients. These five patients were excluded from the study. Anastomotic narrowing was most common finding. Redo urethroplasty was successful in all patients.Buccal mucosa as a free graft provides excellent functional outcome in anterior urethral stricture

An exploration of the pedagogies employed to integrate knowledge in work-integrated learning

This article describes a three‐sector, national research project that investigated the integration aspect of work‐integrated learning (WIL). The context for this study is three sectors of New Zealand higher education: business and management, sport, and science and engineering, and a cohort of higher educational institutions that offer WIL/cooperative education in variety of ways. The aims of this study were to investigate the pedagogical approaches in WIL programs that are currently used by WIL practitioners in terms of learning, and the integration of academic‐workplace learning. The research constituted a series of collective case studies, and there were two main data sources — interviews with three stakeholder groups (namely employers, students, and co‐op practitioners), and analyses of relevant documentation (e.g., course/paper outlines, assignments on reflective practice, portfolio of learning, etc.). The research findings suggest that there is no consistent mechanism by which placement coordinators, off‐campus supervisors, or mentors seek to employ or develop pedagogies to foster learning and the integration of knowledge. Learning, it seems, occurs by means of legitimate peripheral participation with off‐campus learning occurring as a result of students working alongside professionals in their area via an apprenticeship model of learning. There is no evidence of explicit attempts to integrate on‐ and off‐campus learning, although all parties felt this would and should occur. However, integration is implicitly or indirectly fostered by a variety of means such as the use of reflective journals

ASSOCIATION OF POSTPRANDIAL BLOOD SUGAR WITH HYPERCOAGULABILITY IN COMPARISON TO FASTING BLOOD SUGARS IN DIABETIC AND HEALTHY PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: The aim of this study was to find the association of postprandial blood glucose with hypercoagulability in comparison to fasting blood sugars(FBS) in diabetic and healthy patients.Methods: The present study involved a total of 156 patients, of which 78 were taken as cases (diabetics) and other 78 as controls (non-diabetics). Laboratory analysis included prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen assay done along with fasting, and postprandial sugars.Results: Platelets in diabetics and healthy controls were in normal range. Decrease in PT and partial thromboplastin time was noted in diabetics compared to non-diabetic controls. Fibrinogen levels were increased in cases compared to controls. Changes in PT values were more significant with postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) levels when compared to FBS levels, and APTT follows the same pattern with more in PPBS levels and FBS levels in diabetics. PPBS showed elevated fibrinogen when compared to FBS in diabetics as well as non-diabetics.Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a hypercoagulable state as proven by the following results of our study