Benefit of bi-ocular visual stimulation for postural control in children with strabismus.

Vision is important for postural control as is shown by the Romberg quotient (RQ): with eyes closed, postural instability increases relative to eyes open (RQ = 2). Yet while fixating at far distance, postural stability is similar with eyes open and eyes closed (RQ = 1). Postural stability can be better with both eyes viewing than one eye, but such effect is not consistent among healthy subjects. The first goal of the study is to test the RQ as a function of distance for children with convergent versus divergent strabismus. The second goal is to test whether vision from two eyes relative to vision from one eye provides better postural stability. Thirteen children with divergent strabismus and eleven with convergent strabismus participated in this study. Posturtography was done with the Techno concept device. Experiment 1, four conditions: fixation at 40 cm and at 200 cm both with eyes open and eyes covered (evaluation of RQ). Experiment 2, six conditions: fixation at 40 cm and at 200 cm, with both eyes viewing or under monocular vision (dominant and non-dominant eye). For convergent strabismus, the groups mean value of RQ was 1.3 at near and 0.94 at far distance; for divergent, it was 1.06 at near and 1.68 at far. For all children, the surface of body sway was significantly smaller under both eyes viewing than monocular viewing (either eye). Increased RQ value at near for convergent and at far for divergent strabismus is attributed to the influence of the default strabismus angle and to better use of ocular motor signals. Vision with the two eyes improves postural control for both viewing distances and for both types of strabismus. Such benefit can be due to complementary mechanisms: larger visual field, better quality of fixation and vergence angle due to the use of visual inputs from both eyes

Interim analysis of a phase III study on preoperative radiation therapy in resectable rectal carcinoma. Trial of the Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Cooperative Group of the European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)

To improve surgical results of potentially operable rectal cancer (T2, T3, T4, Mo), the European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) conducted a two-arm randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of administering radiotherapy before radical surgery. Four hundred ten patients were allocated to be treated either by surgery alone or by 34.5 Gy of radiotherapy (in 19 days overall) followed by surgery. The tolerance of the adjuvant radiation therapy was fairly good. The 5-year survival rate was 65% overall and showed no difference between both therapeutic regimens. Similarly, the metastases-free rate was the same in both groups. In contrast, the preoperative radiation therapy showed a marked effect on local control of the disease, the comparison of the time to local recurrence being highly significant between the two treatment groups (P = 0.001). The proportion of patients free of local recurrence at 5 years was 85% in the combined treatment versus 65% in the group of patients treated by surgery alone.SCOPUS: ar.jFLWINinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Preoperative radiotherapy and radical surgery as combined treatment in rectal cancer.

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Clinical characteristics of children with strabismus.

<p>RE: right eye, LE: left eye, All subjects had a good visual acuity in both eyes. Stereoacuity was assessed with the TNO test (no values means that there was no measurable stereoacuity). Type of deviation: XT, exotropia; IXT, intermittent exotropia; ET, esotropia.</p

Romberg quotient at near and at far in terms of strabismus.

<p>Means of Romberg quotient at near (40 cm) and at far (200 cm) distance for the standard deviation of lateral (SdX) body sway parameter for both convergent and divergent strabismic adolescents. Error bars represent the standard error. Asterisks indicate significant differences (p<0.05).</p

Effect of the viewing condition on postural parameters.

<p>Means values of the viewing conditions for the antero-posterior body sway (<b>A</b>) and for the Surface of CoP (<b>B</b>) for all strabismus children at both distances. Error bars represent the standard error. Asterisks indicate significant differences (p <0.05).</p

Postural stability measurements in quiet stance for experiment 2.

<p>Means and standard errors of standard deviations of lateral (SdX) and of anteroposterior (SdY) body sway, surface of CoP, and variance of speed for each conditions i.e., both eyes viewing (BEV), monocular fixation with the dominant eye (DE) and monocular fixation with the non dominant eye (NDE) for convergent and divergent strabismus children.</p

Postural stability measurements in quiet stance for experiment 1.

<p>Means and standard errors of standard deviations of lateral (SdX) and of anteroposterior (SdY) body sway, surface of CoP, and variance of speed for each conditions i.e., fixation at near (40 cm) with open eyes and with covered eyes and fixation at far (200 cm) with open eyes and with covered eyes and Romberg Quotient at near (40 cm) and at far (200 cm) distance for convergent and divergent strabismus children.</p

Recurrent herpetic keratitis despite antiviral prophylaxis: A virological and pharmacological study

International audienc