ICT contribution to growth; the case of tunisia

The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on the growth of developping countries and especially on the Tunisian economy. The first part of the article summerizes the relationship between growth, productivity and ICT. We show that under some necessary conditions ICT may boost the growth in the developping countries. In the second part of the article, we estimate the contribution of ICT to the growth of Tunisia due to ICT diffusion and adoption. We compare our econometric estimation to the results obtained in France and United States.croissance économique, TIC, productivité, développement économique, Tunisie.

The complementarities between Infomation and Communication Technologies Use, New Organizational Practices and Employee's Contextual Performance: Evidence from Europe in 2005 and 2010

International audienceThis article investigates the relationship between Information Technologies (IT), new organizational practices and workers' contextual performance in the European context. Our empirical results are based on data about more than 11000 employees from 16 European countries in 2005 and more than 16000 in 2010. First, we find asymmetric effects of IT use. Internet use is, indeed, positively related to all aspects of contextual performance in 2010, while computer use has been positively associated with contextual performance in 2005 but not in 2010. Second, we find that most of the considered new organizational practices have a positive relationship with employees' contextual performance.Cet article analyse les relations entre les Technologies de l'Information (TI), les nouvelles pratiques organisationnelles et la performance contextuelle des employés dans le contexte européen. Nos résultats empiriques sont basés sur des bases de données concernant plus de 11 000 employés de 16 pays européens en 2005 et plus de 16 000 en 2010. Premièrement, nos résultats soulignent des effets asymétriques de l'usage des TI. L'usage d'Internet est, en effet, positivement lié à tous les aspects de la performance contextuelle en 2010, tandis que l'usage de l'informatique est associé positivement seulement à la performance contextuelle interpersonnelle en 2005. Deuxièmement, nous constatons que la plupart des nouvelles pratiques organisationnelles considérées ont une relation positive avec la performance contextuelle des employés

Bridging the Learning Gap in the Marketfor Higher Education: E‐learning and Public Subsidies

This article aims at analyzing the adoption patterns which apply on the market for higher education when two types of learning organizations – namely, traditional learning and e‐learning organizations – provide educational programs. We focus on the impact of public subsidies to e‐learning providers in order to evaluate the conditions under which the learning gap is bridged. A welfare analysis is introduced to estimate the relevance of such ‘pro e‐learning’ public policies. Our first results show that public subsidies enable the e‐learning organization to provide quality‐based and pricing strategies that tend to be similar to those of the brick’n mortar organization. Besides, we find that such short‐term policies positively impact on the global level of quality which is provided by both providers. Nevertheless, our welfare analysis underlines contrasted results about the relevance of such short‐term public policies

E-Skills, Brains And Performance Of The Firms: ICT And Ability Of Firms To Conduct Successful Projects In Luxembourg

This paper provides original empirical evidence on the causal links between e-skills, usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and firm’s performance using a sample of Luxembourgian manufacturing and services firms. Firm performance is measured in terms of innovation (success of new projects settled). Our main findings are: (i) there’s no relationship between the absorptive technology capacity of the firm (measured by ICT staff and Training) and the probability of the implementation of successful ICT projects, (ii) there is a positive effect of e-applications usage (ICT usage) on the probability of the implementation of successful new projects, and (iii) there is an asymmetric effect of usage of e-commerce and e-administration confirming findings of the recent literature

E-Skills, Brains And Performance Of The Firms: ICT And Ability Of Firms To Conduct Successful Projects In Luxembourg

This paper provides original empirical evidence on the causal links between e-skills, usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and firm’s performance using a sample of Luxembourgian manufacturing and services firms. Firm performance is measured in terms of innovation (success of new projects settled). Our main findings are: (i) there’s no relationship between the absorptive technology capacity of the firm (measured by ICT staff and Training) and the probability of the implementation of successful ICT projects, (ii) there is a positive effect of e-applications usage (ICT usage) on the probability of the implementation of successful new projects, and (iii) there is an asymmetric effect of usage of e-commerce and e-administration confirming findings of the recent literature

Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions in Middle East and North African Countries

This article extends the recent findings of Liu (2005), Ang (2007), Apergis et al. (2009) and Payne (2010) by implementing recent bootstrap panel unit root tests and cointegration techniques to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, and real GDP for 12 Middle East and North African Countries (MENA) over the period 1981–2005. Our results show that in the long-run energy consumption has a positive significant impact on CO2 emissions. More interestingly, we show that real GDP exhibits a quadratic relationship with CO2 emissions for the region as a whole. However, although the estimated long-run coefficients of income and its square satisfy the EKC hypothesis in most studied countries, the turning points are very low in some cases and very high in other cases, hence providing poor evidence in support of the EKC hypothesis. Thus, our findings suggest that not all MENA countries need to sacrifice economic growth to decrease their emission levels as they may achieve CO2 emissions reduction via energy conservation without negative long-run effects on economic growth.Environmental Kuznets Curve, carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, growth

Regional disparities and ICTs diffusion in Tunisia

The aim of this article consists in showing in what the emergence of new generation of information and communication technologies can be a worsening factor of imbalances between urban zones and rural zones and contribute to a thickening of the urban zones. Contrary to presupposed theoretical praising the capacity of these technologies to rebalance the development and to reverse the location of economic agents with their location. We will show in what these technologies could lead to a greater urban concentration in the less developed Countries (LDC’s). Indeed, four complementary explanatory factors are explained and illustrated in the case of Tunisia. The territorial dynamics engaged by the concentration of industries in the cities finds a second breath with the ICT.disparités spatiales, fracture numérique, Technologies de l’information et de la communication, Exode rural, localisation spatiale.

Usage capacities of ICTs in emergent economies

This contribution to the study of the factors’ allocation modes of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by firms of emerging economies gets over the dual approach concentrated on the lack of uses of equipment and on their consequences. Authors focus on the dynamics of use, as opposed to the dynamics of adoption. The main assumption of this contribution is that the differentials of competitiveness related to ICT are less dependant on the level of the investments than on the level of their use. This approach always introduces notions like individual learning, cooperation dynamics, general purpose technologies, information and coordination levels.Capacité d’usage, capacité d’absorption, technologies de l’information et de la communication, innovation organisationnelle, technologies génériques, développement économique

Testing the causality between electricity consumption, energy use and education in Africa

We investigate the existence of causal relationships between energy consumption and education (enrollment in primary secondary and higher education) for a sample of 16 African countries over the period 1971-2010 (according to availability of countries' data). We use the panel-data approach of Kónya (2006), which is based on SUR systems and Wald tests with country specific bootstrap critical values. Our results show that education and energy use are strongly linked in Africa. There is bidirectional causality between primary, secondary and higher education and energy use for several countries. Moreover, electricity consumption plays a crucial role in the energy-education links in Africa.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/132984/1/wp1084.pd