46 research outputs found
Proposing a theoretical framework for local territorial identities: concepts, questions and pitfalls
When local territorial identity is understood as closely linked to sustainable, participatory and place-based development issues, it can become a dynamic, open, and plural social construction process, through which collectivities/groups choose the distinctive characteristics of the territory they inhabit, in order to develop shared views and common targets for policy implementation.
In this sense, territorial identity is not to be âunveiledâ or âdiscoveredâ, but âbuiltâ through a research-action focused on the opinions, attitudes, and expectations of local collectivities towards the territory they live or act in.
As a research topic, local territorial identity is far from easy to deal with. Based on the key issues raised during the works of the national research group âTerritorial Identitiesâ of A.Ge.I. (Association of Italian Geographers), founded in 2008, the contribution aims at presenting some theoretical and methodological questions and pitfalls in studying territorial identities, proposing some possible answer
Diabetes mellitus type 2 in urban Ghana: characteristics and associated factors
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa faces a rapid spread of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) but its potentially specific characteristics are inadequately defined. In this hospital-based study in Kumasi, Ghana, we aimed at characterizing clinical, anthropometric, socio-economic, nutritional and behavioural parameters of DM2 patients and at identifying associated factors.
METHODS: Between August 2007 and June 2008, 1466 individuals were recruited from diabetes and hypertension clinics, outpatients, community, and hospital staff. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum lipids and urinary albumin were measured. Physical examination, anthropometry, and interviews on medical history, socio-economic status (SES), physical activity and nutritional behaviour were performed.
RESULTS: The majority of the 675 DM2 patients (mean FPG, 8.31 mmol/L) was female (75%) and aged 40-60 years (mean, 55 years). DM2 was known in 97% of patients, almost all were on medication. Many had hypertension (63%) and microalbuminuria (43%); diabetic complications occurred in 20%. Overweight (body mass index > 25 kg/m2), increased body fat (> 20% (male), > 33% (female)), and central adiposity (waist-to-hip ratio > 0.90 (male), > 0.85 (female)) were frequent occurring in 53%, 56%, and 75%, respectively. Triglycerides were increased (â„ 1.695 mmol/L) in 31% and cholesterol (â„ 5.17 mmol/L) in 65%. Illiteracy (46%) was high and SES indicators generally low. Factors independently associated with DM2 included a diabetes family history (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 3.8; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 2.6-5.5), abdominal adiposity (aOR, 2.6; 95%CI, 1.8-3.9), increased triglycerides (aOR, 1.8; 95%CI, 1.1-3.0), and also several indicators of low SES.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study from urban Ghana, DM2 affects predominantly obese patients of rather low socio-economic status and frequently is accompanied by hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. Prevention and management need to account for a specific risk profile in this population
The International and Interdisciplinary Journal "Territorial Identity and Development"
Scientific events participation, peer review processes, editorial submission and proposal
Geografie culturali
Che cos'Ăš la geografia culturale? Di che cosa si occupa e quali obiettivi persegue?
Potrebbero sembrare domande fuori tempo, queste, alla luce delle teorie critiche, post-strutturaliste e postmoderne che hanno messo in discussione l'intero modo di concepire e produrre conoscenza delle scienze sociali e umanistiche, alimentando la nascita di ambiti di ricerca transdisciplinari che non a caso assumono la generica definizione di "studi", dai food studies ai postcolonial studies, dai feminist studies ai visual studies.
Eppure, forse ha ancora senso parlare di geografia culturale, anzi, di geografie culturali, rigorosamente al plurale, perchĂ© tanti sono i modi in cui essa si puĂČ fare e diversi sono i motivi che portano a parlarne. Nonostante il protagonismo degli ambienti anglofoni nell'evoluzione di questo campo del sapere, il plurale serve anche a ricordare che la geografia italiana, proprio a motivo dell'estrema intensitĂ e diversitĂ delle forme, delle espressioni e delle pratiche culturali che storicamente contraddistinguono il Bel Paese, puĂČ dire molto in proposito.
Ha pure un senso, contrariamente alle attuali tendenze che privilegiano specifici approcci tematici, ripercorrere l'evoluzione storica di questo ambito di studi, che tanto ha influito sulle trasformazioni della geografia umana e sulla profonda revisione delle sue categorie concettuali. Quanto meno, tale percorso evolutivo serve a spiegare come e perché la geografia ha cambiato cosÏ radicalmente direzione, distanziandosi notevolmente dall'idea di essa che ancora oggi prevale nell'immaginario collettivo.
Troppo spesso le discipline scientifiche utilizzano linguaggi autoreferenziali che confinano pensieri e idee agli ambienti accademici. Questo libro in fondo vuole servire proprio a questo: a semplificare quanto piĂč possibile la serie dei discorsi e dei ragionamenti che hanno portato la geografia culturale a configurarsi come avanguardia degli studi geografici ovvero ad avvicinare neofiti e studenti a una produzione di conoscenza che, sostanzialmente, si interroga sui modi in cui si puĂČ pensare il mondo e si puĂČ agire per cambiarlo