Factors controlling spatio-temporal variation in carbon dioxide efflux from surface litter, roots, and soil organic matter at four rain forest sites in the eastern Amazon

[1] This study explored biotic and abiotic causes for spatio-temporal variation in soil respiration from surface litter, roots, and soil organic matter over one year at four rain forest sites with different vegetation structures and soil types in the eastern Amazon, Brazil. Estimated mean annual soil respiration varied between 13-17 t C ha(-1) yr(-1), which was partitioned into 0-2 t C ha(-1) yr(-1) from litter, 6-9 t C ha(-1) yr(-1) from roots, and 5-6 t C ha(-1) yr(-1) from soil organic matter. Litter contribution showed no clear seasonal change, though experimental precipitation exclusion over a one-hectare area was associated with a ten-fold reduction in litter respiration relative to unmodified sites. The estimated mean contribution of soil organic matter respiration fell from 49% during the wet season to 32% in the dry season, while root respiration contribution increased from 42% in the wet season to 61% during the dry season. Spatial variation in respiration from soil, litter, roots, and soil organic matter was not explained by volumetric soil moisture or temperature. Instead, spatial heterogeneity in litter and root mass accounted for 44% of observed spatial variation in soil respiration (p < 0.001). In particular, variation in litter respiration per unit mass and root mass accounted for much of the observed variation in respiration from litter and roots, respectively, and hence total soil respiration. This information about patterns of, and underlying controls on, respiration from different soil components should assist attempts to accurately model soil carbon dioxide fluxes over space and time

Avaliação dos compostos voláteis dos frutos de Eugenia astringens Cambess.

20 a 22 nov. SBOE. e-Pôster. Ref. 14

Proposal for a collaborative LCA data management methodological aproach for creating "nodes" in the brazilian national inventory database (SICV) Brasil.

Global Guidance proposes mechanisms for LCA studies and data management for improving interoperability, data exchange, accessibility and credibility of LCA databases. The PBACV (CONMETRO, 2010) has among its objectives to implement in Brazil a system capable of organizing, storing and disseminating information of LCIs. The Brazilian government responded to this demand through IBICT, which developed the SICV Brazil. For a LCI database to succeed, it is necessary to have primary data provided by the productive sector. The availability of data contributes to the growth of the country while benefiting the primary data providers, as society is increasingly attentive to the transparency and environmental awareness of companies. The management of LCA data is not a concern of national LCI databases alone. Other institutions also need to manage their LCA data independently of proprietary software, ensuring autonomy and sustainability for their operations. Keeping data on someone?s own infrastructure favors autonomy, but multiplies infrastructure investment and impairs interoperability. This research proposes a procedure for shared management of LCA data through the creation nodes, an instance of SICV Brazil for storing LCI data from private and public institutions. This procedure for shared management promoted the Brazilian National Inventory Database (SICV Brazil) and offered advanced information resources to institutions, such as Embrapa, without additional infrastructure and facilitating interoperability with other institutions. Authors believe that the creation of other instances of the SICV could contribute to the advance of LCA in Brazil

Período ótimo para a semeadura do grão-de-bico na região de Dourados, MS, com base no risco climático.

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de indicar a melhor época de semeadura da cultura do grão-de-bico na região de Dourados, MS, com base no risco climático. A definição do risco considerou a análise conjunta da deficiência hídrica, temperaturas do ar elevadas, risco de ocorrência de geadas e excesso de chuva na colheita. Foram avaliadas 21 safras e 12 épocas de semeadura, com intervalos de 10 dias. O período de 21 de fevereiro a 20 de março é o mais apropriado para semeaduras de grão-de-bico na região de Dourados. Os resultados estão de acordo com as recomendações do Zoneamento Agrícola de Risco Climático, que estabelece as semeaduras do grão-de-bico realizadas em fevereiro e março como as de menor risco climático nessa regiã

Bioactive compounds of Eugenia punicifolia fruits: a rich source of lycopene.

This work aimed to characterize some of the bioactive compounds of Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. fruit to enhance the knowledge of its functional potential. Ripe fruits were collected from the restinga of Maricá, in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Bioactive compounds were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Ascorbic acid (74.14 mg 100-1 g-1), lycopene (504 µg g-1) and total carotenoids (632 µg g-1) contents were superior to other fruits rich in these compounds. In fact, E. punicifolia fruits are an excellent source of carotenoids and can be considered a good source of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Furthermore, its chemical composition has presented phenolic compounds like gallic acid and anthocyanins. Thus, this underutilized Brazilian fruit stands out as a source of bioactive compounds, presenting a good potential as a functional food, especially due to the high content of lycopene. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar alguns dos compostos bioativos do fruto da Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. para aprofundar o conhecimento do seu potencial funcional. Frutos maduros foram coletados da restinga de Maricá-RJ, Brasil. Os compostos bioativos foram analisados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Os teores de ácido ascórbico (74,14 mg 100-1 g-1), licopeno (504 µg g-1) e carotenoides totais (632 µg g-1) foram superiores aos de outras frutas ricas nesses compostos. Os frutos de E. punicifolia são uma excelente fonte de carotenoides e podem ser considerados uma boa fonte de ácido ascórbico (vitamina C). Além disso, sua composição química apresentou compostos fenólicos, como ácido gálico e antocianinas. Assim, essa fruta brasileira subutilizada se destaca como fonte de compostos bioativos, apresentando um bom potencial como alimento funcional, principalmente devido ao alto teor de licopeno.Compostos bioativos de frutos de Eugenia punicifolia: uma rica fonte de licopeno

NIRS a potential tool for monitoring harvesting and trade of similar woods: a case study for discrimination of mahogany, cedar, and crabwood.

Resumo

Avaliação dos teores de aminoácidos do fruto Goji (Lycium barbarum Linnaeus).

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo qualificar e quantificar os aminoácidos presentes no fruto seco do Goji

Uso de revestimento de polissacarídeos de algas marinhas e cera de carnaúba na conservação pós-colheita de mangas.

bitstream/item/164430/1/BPD17021.pd

Extração e caracterização da Kappa-Carragenana.

bitstream/item/164681/1/BPD17028.pd