Migration, Adaptation and Socio-cultural Change: The Case of the Thakalis in Pokhara

Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology - Volume 1, 198

The Plight of the Tharu Kamaiyas in Nepal: A Review of the Social, Economic And Political Facets

Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology - Volume 9, 200

On the highly reddened members in 6 young galactic star clusters - a multiwavelength study

The spectral and reddening properties of 211 highly reddened proper motion members with $V < 15$ mag in 6 young galactic star clusters are investigated using low resolution spectroscopic, broad-band $UBVRIJHK$ and mid-IR data. We report emission features in CaII HK and HI lines for a sample of 29 stars including 11 stars reported for the first time and also provide either a new or more reliable spectral class for a sample of 24 stars. CaII triplet width measurements are used to indicate the presence of an accretion disk for a dozen stars and to hint luminosity for a couple of stars. On the basis of spectral features, near-IR excesses, dereddened color-color diagrams and mid-IR spectral indices we identify a group of 28 pre-main sequence cluster members including 5 highly probable Herbig Ae/Be and 6 classical T Tauri star. A total of 25 non-emission MS stars, amounting to $\sim$ 10 % early type MS members, appears to show Vega-like characteristics or are precursors to such a phenomenon. The various membership indicators suggest that $\sim$ 16% of the PM members are non-members. A significant fraction ($>$70%) of program stars in NGC 1976, NGC 2244, NGC 6530 and NGC 6611 show anomalous reddening with $R_{V}$ = $5.11\pm0.11$, $3.60\pm0.05$, $3.87\pm0.05$ and $3.56\pm 0.02$, respectively, indicating the presence of grain size dust larger than that typical to the diffuse medium. A small number of stars in NGC 1976, NGC 2244 and NGC 6611 also show normal behavior while the cluster NGC 6823 appears to have a normal reddening. Three highly luminous late type giants, one in NGC 2244 and two in NGC 6530, appears to be member and are in post-hydrogen-core-burning stages suggesting a prolonged duration ($\sim$ 25 Myrs) of star formation.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures, submitted to MNRA

Deposition of Ti/TiC Composite Coatings on Implant Structures Using Laser Engineered Net Shaping

A new method of depositing hard and wear resistant composite coatings on metal-onmetal bearing surfaces of titanium implant structures is proposed and demonstrated. The method consists of depositing a Ti/TiC composite coating (~ 2.5 mm thick) on titanium implant bearing surfaces using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS®). Defect-free composite coatings were successfully produced at various amounts of the reinforcing TiC phase with excellent interfacial characteristics using a mixture of commercially pure Ti and TiC powders. The coatings consisted of a mixture of coarser unmelted/partially melted (UMC) TiC particles and finer, discreet resolidified (RSC) TiC particles uniformly distributed in the titanium matrix. The amounts of UMC and RSC were found to increase with increasing TiC content of the original powder mixture. The coatings exhibited a high level of hardness, which increased with increasing TiC content of the original powder mixture. Fractographic studies indicated that the coatings, even at 60 vol.% TiC, do not fail in a brittle manner. Various aspects of LENS® deposition of Ti/TiC composite coatings are addressed and a preliminary understanding of structure-property-fracture correlations is presented. The current work shows that the proposed approach to deposit composite coatings using laser-based metal deposition processes is highly-effective, which can be readily utilized on a commercial basis for manufacture of high-performance implants.Mechanical Engineerin

Model for Polarized and Unpolarized Parton Density Functions in the Nucleon

We present a physical model for polarized and unpolarized structure functions and parton density functions (PDFs) of the proton and the neutron. It reproduces the data on F_2^p(x,Q^2) for 0.00001<x<1 and 2.5<Q^2<5000 GeV^2, F_2^p(x)-F_2^n(x), F_2^n(x)/F_2^p(x), xg(x), dbar(x)-ubar(x), d(x)/u(x), the Gottfried sum, the fractional momentum of charged partons and the polarized structure functions g_1^{p,n}(x), at various Q^2. We present for the first time, proton and neutron PDFs which do not assume charge symmetry. Contrary to the common practice, we explain polarized and unpolarized data with a single model.Comment: version to appear in Phys. Lett. B; a note added at the end of the paper; no other change; latex, 10 pages, 4 ps figure