Vibration Analysis Of Fused Deposition Modeling Printed Lattice Structures Cellular Material

This research presents a vibration analysis on the lattice structure material fabricated by utilizing fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing (AM) for application as load-bearing lightweight body part in automated device. The work has been motivated by the need to explore the dynamic behaviour of the lattice structure material so that the real behaviour of the system, performance, suitability and limitations can be understood and which at the end can provide better safety of the structure in the real dynamic applications. This work has undertaken on clarifying issues related to weight and built quality of the manufactured lattice structure material samples prior to vibration testing. The four proposed topological designs namely simple cubic (SC), face centred cubic (FCC), body centred cubic (BCC) and body centred cubic with reinforced z pillars (BCCz) are evaluated based on these two criteria which are from manufacturability and weight practicality. Based on the selection process, it is found that the BCC topological design of the lattice structure is more acceptable and henceforth used to represent the vibrational response study of the lattice structure cellular material with different strut diameter sizes. The results show that the natural frequency of the lattice structure material can be greatly affected by the strut diameter sizes due to increase in stiffness as the strut diameter increases. In addition, the mathematical equation is also derived to calculate the total area moments of inertia of the lattice structure model and the validity of this developed model is shown through comparison of the results with experimental work of the three-point bending test. From the calculation of total area moment of inertia, it is found that the lattice structure model with the highest strut diameter size yield highest value of total area moment of inertia. The results show a good agreement between the theoretical model and experimental work. The investigation on various effects of damage existence including damage locations and damage extents to the natural frequency values of the lattice structure material are also examined. The damage in the lattice structure is represented by a damage parameter η which indicates the ratio of missing unit cells to the total unit cells of the intact lattice structure. It is found that the natural frequency values decrease with the increase of damage parameter η from ratio of 0.00 to 0.50. Meanwhile, the natural frequency values increase as the damage location became farthest from the clamped edge. This indicates that the effect of damage on the natural frequency values become smaller as the damage zone moves from the clamped edge boundary condition to the free end. This research provides a good information on the influence of the strut diameter design parameter as well as the effects of damage existence to the natural frequency values of the lattice structure material and it can be seen that the results could constitute a useful information for subsequent investigation into the development of the lattice structure in order to fulfil the demand on the lightweight and cost reduction of materials

Correlation of design parameters of lattice structure for highly tunable passive vibration isolator

The purpose of this study is to correlate the influence of multiple size-based design parameters of lattice structure, namely, the unit cell (UC) and strut diameter (SD) through the static and dynamics analyses for passive vibration isolation application. The lattice structures were prepared by utilizing the fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing (AM). The samples were designed to retain lattice structure’s unique advantages while also conserving material consumption to fulfill the energy and cost demand. Through the static test, the crush behavior, failure mechanism, and mechanical properties were determined. The stiffness of lattice structure exhibited an increasing relationship with the unit cell and strut diameter where smaller unit cell and bigger strut diameter produced higher strength, and with that, higher load can be sustained. Through the dynamic vibration transmissibility test, it was found that the dynamic vibration results follow closely the trend in the static analysis. Lattice structure with larger unit cell and smaller strut diameter showed larger effective isolation region due to lower natural frequency value. The trade-off limit between stiffness for a lower natural frequency of the proposed design parameters was determined from the two parts analyses. The results suggest that most lattice isolators from the pool of design parameter combinations in this study have sufficient strength to withstand the predefined mass load and provide the most region for vibration isolation. The two proposed design parameters can later be used for a major or minor tuning of lattice isolators for other specific applications

Lattice Structure Design Parameters Optimization For The Structural Integrity Of Passive Vibration Isolator

Passive vibration isolator with lower natural frequency has always been a challenge due to structural integrity issues. This study presents the use of RSM statistical tool to analyze and optimize the mechanical responses of BCC lattice structure for structural integrity in a passive vibration isolator application. The optimization was done to obtain low stiffness for low natural frequency but high yield stress for optimum load-bearing capability with unit cell size and strut diameter design parameters tweak. From the results, the significance and contribution of each design parameter on each mechanical response through compression test can be understood. Results indicated changes in strut diameter produced linear growth while changes in the unit cell size produced inverse exponential responses. From optimization, a combination of 3.9 mm strut diameter with 10 mm unit cell size produced the optimum result. Therefore, it was demonstrated that RSM can provide statistical importance and contribution between input factors and their influence on each mechanical response with minimal test and cost

Numerical Analysis On Static And Dynamic Behavior Of Additively Manufactured BCC Lattice Structures

This research aims to investigate the effect of the strut diameter of lattice structures on their vibration characteristic numerically. The finite element analysis (FEA) method was validated beforehand in experimental work with lattice structure fabricated using fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing (AM). From the comparison, good agreement was achieved with less than 11% error. From numerical results, it was found the stiffness values decrease with strut diameter from 1.8 mm to 1.0 mm. The first three vibration modes show steady increment around 12 Hz, 20 Hz, and 70 Hz in natural frequency respectively for acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) material and roughly 35 Hz, 60 Hz, and 200 Hz for both stainless steel and titanium as the strut diameter increase by 0.2 mm each. The validated FEA models can be used for exploration on many other materials and design parameters without having to conduct experimental work which helps for sustainability

Static And Dynamic Analysis Of FDM Printed Lattice Structures For Sustainable Lightweight Material Application

This study investigated the effect of strut diameter size of fused deposition modelling (FDM) printed lattice structure on compressive performance and its relation to dynamic behaviour of the lattice structure using vibration analysis.The lattice structure samples were fabricated using FDM 3D printing/additive manufacturing (AM) technique with three sizes of strut diameters:1.2 mm,1.4 mm and 1.6 mm.Findings from compression test showed that increased in size of strut diameter would increase the compressive strength performance as well as better energy absorptions.Similar increased trend was shown in the vibration analysis as the strut diameter size increased.This study provides information that lattice structure is suitable for use in dynamic load bearing applications

Investigation On Process-Properties Relationship With Load-Bearing Performance Of Lattice-Structured Cellular Material For Lightweight Applications

Lattice structure is a periodic cellular structure which can become lightweight materials with good mechanical properties. This study characterized and examined the manufacturability of lattice structure geometry that was produced by FDM CubePro 3D-printer. The effect of process parameters on ABS lattice-structure's geometry were evaluated and their relationships were derived by using experimental approach. Dynamic behaviour of the material was explored for a better understanding of the material in real applications. The BCC lattice structure specimens were subjected with quasi-static compression and dynamic vibration loadings. Significant process parameter that influenced mechanical performance and geometrical properties for the FDM printer machine was found to be the layer thickness at 200 pm. Vibration test results show that the material's natural frequency was greatly affected by strut diameter sizes due to increase in stiffness as the strut diameter increases. The natural frequency values increase as induced damage location became farthest from clamped edge. With respect to both compression deformation and vibration behaviours of the lattice structure in this study, the material is found to be more suitable in energy absorption applications such as in car engine hood or arm parts of drone due to its bending dominated behaviour when subjected to loading