Ultrasonography

Ultrasound (US) is being utilized more and more in pediatrics, and the fields of investigation using this modality are widening. The past year has seen the rapid development of hip sonography (and osteoarticular US) and (color) Doppler US in children. Articles on fetus sonography are also numerous, and this technique allows us not only the detection of fetal anomalies but also a better understanding of fetal development.SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

LE DIAGNOSTIC ANTENATAL: ET APRES?

SCOPUS: cp.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Imaging of the urinary tract in children

SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Update in pediatric renal sonography: Focus on hyperechoic kidneys

SCOPUS: sh.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Imagerie de l'infection urinaire de l'enfant

Urinary tract infection is very common in children. Its diagnosis, management and treatment have led to abundant literature and many controversies. The main challenges are to identify patients at risk of infection and those at risk of complicated infections. Long-term complications include reflux nephropathy, renal hypertension and stage renal disease. Imaging has a triple role :to confirm the diagnosis in patients with equivocal clinical symptoms ;to determine patients at risk of recurrence ;prevention of infection by detecting already in utero patients with congenital malformation. During the acute phase, Ultrasound has an important role in detecting favouring conditions such as urinary tract dilatation. The use of color Doppler increases the sensibility and specificity of ultrasound. To date, DMSA scan is the key examination for demonstrating the parenchymal lesions. CT-scan and MRI are rarely used in this acute phase. Retrograde voiding cystography (RVC) will be used whenever vesico-ureteric reflux is suspected. A decision algorithm can be proposed bases on US and DMSA ;RVC will be performed whenever one of them is positive. CT or MRI will be used to look for abscesses complicating the UTI. DMSA scan is the gold standard for detecting renal scanning, sequellae of the infection. In the future, the role of MRI will surely increase for the demonstration of uropathy acute and sequelae of the renal involvement.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Pediatric gastrointestinal tract.

SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

MR imaging of paediatric abdomen

The use of MR imaging (MRI) for the evaluation of the paediatric abdomen is rapidly increasing, thanks to an easier access and to faster sequences. This evolution is welcomed since it helps to reduce the use of other examinations such as body CT with their exposition hazards. The panel of indications is widening. Like in adults, classical indications include the work-up of abdominal tumours, the evaluation of hepato-bilio-pancreatic diseases and uro-MR. Works in progress include the evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other acute abdominal diseases. Still, as the technical part is important, it may be difficult to obtain examinations with the same quality as in adults. Also, there may be a need to sedate young paediatric patients. In this chapter, the main indications will be described and illustrated. The best technique will be detailed. The role of the other imaging techniques will be underlined. © 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.SCOPUS: ch.binfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Renal cystic diseases in children: New concepts

This review highlights the changes that have occurred in the general approach to cystic renal diseases in children. For instance, genetic mutations at the level of the primary cilia are considered as the origin of many renal cystic diseases. Furthermore, these diseases are now included in the spectrum of the hepato-renal fibrocystic diseases. Imaging plays an important role as it helps to detect and characterize many of the cystic diseases based on a detailed sonographic analysis. The diagnosis can be achieved during fetal life or after birth. Hyperechoic kidneys and/or renal cysts are the main sonographic signs leading to such diagnosis. US is able to differentiate between recessive and dominant polycystic kidney diseases, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 Beta mutation, glomerulocystic kidneys and nephronophtisis. MR imaging can, in selected cases, provide additional information including the progressive associated hepatic changes. © Springer-Verlag 2010.SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

SUIVI ECHOGRAPHIQUE DU DEVELOPPEMENT SQUELETTIQUE FOETAL NORMAL. L'EXEMPLE DE LA COLONNE VERTEBRALE ET DES MEMBRES INFERIEURS

SCOPUS: sh.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

The origin of vesico-ureteric reflux in male newborns: Further evidence in favour of a transient fetal urethral obstruction

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe