42 research outputs found
Estudo da relação entre estresse oxidativo e sintese de proteinas de estresse "HSP70" no sangue de animais submetidos a diferentes niveis de exercicio fisico
Orientador: Lucia Pereira da SilvaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de BiologiaResumo: Nosso estudo investigou em amostras de sangue de ratos do tipo ÂżWistarÂż a correlação entre estresse oxidativo (plasma), modulação do estado antioxidante/oxidante (hemácea) e nĂveis de proteĂnas de estresse ÂżHSP70Âż (leucĂłcito total) em diferentes sobrecargas de corrida em esteira rolante: exercĂcio exaustivo agudo e treinamentos contĂnuo e intermitente crĂ´nico e severo. Os resultados mostraram que o exercĂcio agudo em animais sedentários induziu um aumento nos nĂveis dos marcadores oxidativos em plasma (proteĂnas carboniladas e TBARS) juntamente com uma elevação da atividade das enzimas antioxidantes (catalase e gluationa redutase) e da expressĂŁo de ÂżHSP70Âż em leucĂłcitos. Os protocolos de treinamento crĂ´nico mostraram um mesmo padrĂŁo adaptativo: o aumento da sobrecarga de exercĂcios induziu elevação nos nĂveis de lesões oxidativas e alterações musculares. PorĂ©m, obtivemos nesta situação um aumento de atividade das enzimas antioxidantes e nĂveis de ÂżHSP70Âż, o que poderia ser considerado uma resposta adaptativa ao estĂmulo de treinamento. A estabilização da sobrecarga providenciou um decrĂ©scimo nos nĂveis de estresse oxidativo e expressĂŁo de ÂżHSP70Âż em ambos os protocolos. PorĂ©m, os protocolos de treinamento severo, tanto contĂnuo quanto intermitente, induziram uma acentuada situação de estresse oxidativo e expressĂŁo de ÂżHSP70Âż. A redução no tempo de recuperação entre as sessões de treinamento e a elevação da sobrecarga de corrida foram fatores agravantes para o aumento da severidade do estresse. Concluindo, os marcadores de estresse oxidativo estudados neste trabalho mostraram uma relação direta entre intesidade do exercĂcio e nĂveis de lesões oxidativas e alterações musculares. A detecção de ÂżHSP70Âż foi um importante Ăndice para monitorar a severidade do estresse. Assim, análises de marcadores de estresse oxidativo em conjunto com a detecção de ÂżHSP70Âż poderiam ser uma potente ferramenta para controlar a sobrecarga dos exercĂcios de treinamento, prevenindo a instalação de situações fisiopatolĂłgicas gravesAbstract: The present study was designed to investigate in blood samples of rats if there are a correlationship among oxidative stress, modulation of antioxidant/oxidant status and stress protein levels in differents running overloads: acute exhaustive exercise, and chronic and severe (continuous and intermittent protocols) trainings. Our results showed that the acute exhaustive exercise induced in sedentary rats an increase in plasma oxidative markers (carbonyl derivatives and TBARS) together to an upregulation in the erithrocyte antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione reductase) and elevation in HSP70 in leukocytes. The chronic training protocols showed a same pattern of adaptation: the increase in overload of exercise induced an elevation in the oxidative damage and muscle alterations levels. But we had in this situation an increase in antioxidant enzymes activity and HSP70 expression, what would be an adaptative response to the training stimulus. The overload stabilization provided a decrease in the oxidative stress markers levels and HSP70 expression to both protocols. However, the severe training protocols induced a markedly oxidative stress situation and an increase of HSP70 levels. The reduction in the recovery time between the training sessions together an elevation in overload of exercises were an aggravating factor to the increase in the stress severity. In conclusion, the oxidative stress markers studied here showed a close correlation between exercise intensity and oxidative damage and muscle alterations. The HSP70 detection was an important index to monitore the stress severity. Oxidative stress markers analyses and HSP70 detection could be a useful tool to control the overload of training exercises preventing the installation of pathophysiological situationsDoutoradoBioquimicaDoutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecula
As aulas de educação fĂsica no ensino medio: implicações nas discussões sobre as temáticas aprendizagem e qualidade de vida
O conceito de qualidade de vida engloba vários aspectos como social, afetivo, econĂ´mico, entre outros, por se tratar de VIDA, porĂ©m o foco será sobre o aspecto SAĂšDE e tentaremos relacioná-lo no interior da educação formal. Dentro do âmbito escolar, sabemos que Ă© na etapa do ensino mĂ©dio da escolarização que ocorre o aprofundamento de idĂ©ias e a reflexĂŁo mais completa sobre a ação. AtravĂ©s de um questionário analisamos o Ăndice de massa corporal (do aluno e familiares), questões sobre saĂşde e atividade fĂsica, vendo como foi tratado e como gostariam de ser tratados tais temas durante as aulas de Educação FĂsica. Alunos de uma escola particular do ensino mĂ©dio (alunos n=20; alunas n=15) participaram do estudo. Por meio de tratamento estatĂstico (teste ANOVA e pĂłs-teste de Tukey), indicamos como valor de significância p<0.05. Os resultados mostraram que a temática foi pouco explorada, e questões sobre obesidade, sedentarismo precoce e doenças crĂ´nico-degenerativas poderiam e devem ser tratadas com mais enfoque, visto os resultados e relacionando os mesmos com revisões bibliográficas pertinentes ao estudo
Blood oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes and muscle damage biomarkers changes during a competitive season in soccer players
Soccer players have enhanced their performance on the last decades through the improvement of training loads. This leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that can react with cellular structures affecting cellular homeostasis. However physical training also acts modulating the intracelular antioxidant systems improving its capacity to detoxify ROS. So the aim of this study was to verify the behavior of blood antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers as well as the muscular damage level in a soccer team during a whole season. The results showed that the studied antioxidant enzymes reached their respective activities peak in different moments of the season, the oxidative and muscle damage markers did not show any variation during the whole season. Our Data showed that the training program was effective to improve the antioxidant enzymes activity avoiding the possible risks of muscle oxidative stress induced damageO exercĂcio fĂsico induz aumento no consumo de oxigĂŞnio bem como na demanda energĂ©tica. O aumento no consumo de 0 2 induz aumento na produção de espĂ©cies reativas de oxigĂŞnio (EROs). Dependendo da sua concentração, as EROs reagem com estruturas celulares, oxidando-as. Altos nĂveis de oxidação alteram sua função e prejudicam a homeostase intracelular. Jogadores de futebol aumentaram o desempenho de forma significativa nas Ăşltimas dĂ©cadas, pela intensificação do processo de treinamento e melhoria das capacidades fĂsicas envolvidas na modalidade. Tal fato sugere um aumento na possibilidade destes atletas estarem mais susceptĂveis ao ataque oxidativo de EROs, com conseqĂĽente aumento nos nĂveis de estresse oxidativo. Por outro lado, o treinamento tambĂ©m age na modulação dos sistemas antioxidantes intracelulares, aumentando sua capacidade de remover EROs. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o comportamento de marcadores sangĂĽĂneos do sistema de defesa antioxidante, de ataque oxidativo, bem como dos nĂveis de alteração muscular ao longo de cinco meses de campeonato paulista de um time de futebol, categoria sub-20. Nossos resultados mostram que as enzimas antioxidantes glutationa redutase e catalase atingiram picos de atividade em momentos distintos da temporada, sugerindo uma ação complementar entre elas. Os marcadores de estresse oxidativo e lesĂŁo muscular analisados nĂŁo mostraram alterações significativas ao longo do estudo. Esses dados sugerem que a capacidade de defesa antioxidante foi eficiente em tamponar o possĂvel aumento na produção de EROs induzido pelos treinamentos e jogos da competição, impedindo a ocorrĂŞncia de lesões musculares de origem oxidativa ao longo do campeonat
Vitamin C and E Supplementation Effects in Professional Soccer Players Under Regular Training
Exercise training is known to induce an increase in free radical production potentially leading to enhanced muscle injury. Vitamins C and E are well known antioxidants that may prevent muscle cell damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of these supplemental antioxidant vitamins on markers of oxidative stress, muscle damage and performance of elite soccer players. Ten male young soccer players were divided into two groups. Supplementation group (n = 5) received vitamins C and E supplementation daily during the pre-competitive season (S group), while the placebo group (PL group, n = 5) received a pill containing maltodextrin. Both groups performed the same training load during the three-month pre-season training period. Erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase, catalase and plasma carbonyl derivatives did not show any significant variation among the experimental groups. Similarly, fitness level markers did not differ among the experimental groups. However, S group demonstrated lower lipid peroxidation and muscle damage levels (p < 0.05) compared to PL group at the final phase of pre-competitive season. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that vitamin C and E supplementation in soccer players may reduce lipid peroxidation and muscle damage during high intensity efforts, but did not enhance performance
A Relação Entre Transtornos do Sono e Transtornos Psiquiátricos: Abordagens Diagnósticas e Terapêuticas
Objective: This article aims to explore the complex relationship between sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders, highlighting diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to effectively manage this comorbidity. Understanding this interaction is crucial for providing integrated and personalized care to patients, improving their quality of life and mental health. Introduction: Sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders often coexist, mutually influencing each other and presenting unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. This review examines the interrelations between these conditions, providing a comprehensive overview of available diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to manage this complex comorbidity. Methodology: A review of the medical literature was conducted using databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus, focusing on studies that investigated the relationship between sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this comorbidity. Studies providing insights into the pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and treatment strategies for this complex interaction were included. Results: The results highlight the significant prevalence of comorbidities between sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders, suggesting a bidirectional interaction between these conditions. Diagnostic approaches, such as screening questionnaires, detailed clinical interviews, and objective sleep assessments, are essential for identifying and differentiating symptoms associated with each condition. Regarding therapeutic approaches, both non-pharmacological interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia and sleep hygiene, and pharmacological treatments, such as antidepressants and hypnotics, have been effective in managing these comorbidities. Conclusion: The relationship between sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders is complex and multifaceted, requiring an integrated approach in diagnosis and treatment. Accurate diagnostic strategies are essential for differentiating symptoms of each condition and guiding the treatment plan. Additionally, comprehensive therapeutic approaches, including both non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions, can help improve the quality of life and overall well-being of patients affected by this challenging comorbidity.Objetivo: Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar a complexa relação entre transtornos do sono e transtornos psiquiátricos, destacando as abordagens diagnĂłsticas e terapĂŞuticas para manejar eficazmente essa comorbidade. A compreensĂŁo dessa interação Ă© crucial para fornecer um cuidado integrado e personalizado aos pacientes, melhorando sua qualidade de vida e saĂşde mental. Introdução: Transtornos do sono e transtornos psiquiátricos frequentemente coexistem, influenciando-se mutuamente e apresentando desafios Ăşnicos no diagnĂłstico e tratamento. Esta revisĂŁo examina as inter-relações entre essas condições, fornecendo uma visĂŁo abrangente das abordagens diagnĂłsticas e terapĂŞuticas disponĂveis para manejar essa comorbidade complexa. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisĂŁo da literatura mĂ©dica utilizando bases de dados como PubMed, PsycINFO e Scopus, com foco em estudos que investigaram a relação entre transtornos do sono e transtornos psiquiátricos, bem como abordagens diagnĂłsticas e terapĂŞuticas para essa comorbidade. Foram incluĂdos estudos que forneceram insights sobre a fisiopatologia, diagnĂłstico diferencial e estratĂ©gias de tratamento para essa interação complexa. Resultados: Os resultados destacam a prevalĂŞncia significativa de comorbidades entre transtornos do sono e transtornos psiquiátricos, sugerindo uma interação bidirecional entre essas condições. Abordagens diagnĂłsticas, como questionários de triagem, entrevistas clĂnicas detalhadas e avaliações objetivas do sono, sĂŁo essenciais para identificar e diferenciar os sintomas associados a cada condição. Quanto Ă s abordagens terapĂŞuticas, tanto intervenções nĂŁo farmacolĂłgicas, como terapia cognitivo-comportamental para insĂ´nia e higiene do sono, quanto tratamentos farmacolĂłgicos, como antidepressivos e hipnĂłticos, tĂŞm sido eficazes no manejo dessas comorbidades. ConclusĂŁo: A relação entre transtornos do sono e transtornos psiquiátricos Ă© complexa e multifacetada, exigindo uma abordagem integrada no diagnĂłstico e tratamento. EstratĂ©gias diagnĂłsticas precisas sĂŁo essenciais para diferenciar os sintomas de cada condição e guiar o plano de tratamento. AlĂ©m disso, abordagens terapĂŞuticas abrangentes, que incluem intervenções nĂŁo farmacolĂłgicas e farmacolĂłgicas, podem ajudar a melhorar a qualidade de vida e o bem-estar geral dos pacientes afetados por essa comorbidade desafiadora
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4
While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge
of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In
the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of
Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus
crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced
environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian
Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by
2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status,
much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost