6 research outputs found
Involvement of TSP1 and MMP9/NGAL in Angiogenesis during Orthodontic Periodontal Remodeling
In the present study the aim was to measure the levels of Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) and Lipocalin-2/matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9/NGAL) complex in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) at different time points of orthodontic treatment, to determine the relationship between these values and those of total-matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and theirs implication in angiogenesis balance, in the situation of a good control of the bacterial plaque, emphasizing the role of TSP1 and MMP9/NGAL complex. GCF samples were collected from 16 young orthodontic patients requiring upper canine distalization (test tooth) with first premolar extraction. The contralateral canine (control tooth) was free from orthodontic force. For the orthodontic appliance, brackets Roth 0.018 inch with 0.012 inch NiTi archwire and a laceback were used. TSP1, MMP9/NGAL, and MMP9 increased from 1 hour before activation of orthodontic appliance to a maximum at 8 hours for MMP9 and 72 hours for MMP9/NGAL and TSP1. The results show a change in time of TSP1, MMP9/NGAL, and MMP9 levels in GCF of patients with this method of orthodontic treatment. The powerful correlation of MMP9/NGAL with TSP1 suggests their stronger involvement in angiogenesis processes in PDL during orthodontic periodontal remodeling, in the situation of a healthy periodontium and a good control of the bacterial plaque
Cytokines’ Involvement in Periodontal Changes
The bacterial challenge on the periodontal tissues triggers an inflammatory reaction, driven by pro-inflammatory cytokines, that eventually leads to the periodontal structures’ damage. The pathogenic mechanisms of this inflammatory reaction are complex and are influenced by the type of host-immune response and certain local and systemic factors. These factors can influence periodontal inflammation, through the action of the various pro-inflammatory cytokines. Periodontal disease and certain systemic conditions can have a mutual association, as the pathogenic mechanisms of these diseases can involve similar molecular and cellular elements. The concept of ‘periodontal medicine’ comprises these pathogenic connections, focusing on the key role that periodontal health has on the general homeostasis and well-being
MMP8, MMP9 AND TIMP1 LEVELS IN GCF AND GINGIVAL TISSUE OF PATIENTS WITH GINGIVAL OVERGROWTH DURING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT
Aim. Periodontal remodellng produced during dental
orthodontic treatment represents a series of biologicallyactive
substances, part of them playing some role in the
initiation and propagation of inflammatory processes. The
present study aims at demonstrating the MMP8, MMP9
and TIMP1 levels intervening in tissular periodontal
remodeling produced during orthodontic treatments, accompanied
by gingival overgrowth, as a reaction of the
marginal periodontium to mechanical stress.
Materials and Method. Selected for the study were 21
patients – 13 females and 8 males – with ages between 13
and 32 years (17.6±1.3 years) affected with dento-maxillary
anomalies, who received orthodontic treatment with
fixed apparatus. Sampling from the gingival fluid was
performed 6 times, namely: 1 hour prior to the application
of the orthodontic apparatus, 4 hours after its application,
again after 8 and 24 hours and then 1 and, respectively,
2 weeks later. If gingival hypertrophy was installed
(HTG), the hypertrophic gingiva was removed, and an
immuno-histo-chemical examination was made. The patient
was weekly monitorized in the first 6 weeks – during
the initial orthodontic treatment, then monthly, samples
being taken over from the gingival sulcus on each visit
made in the first 6 weeks.
Results. MMP-9 immuno-marking was positive both
at corione level and in the deep structures of the covering
epithelium. The positive cells at MMP-9 evidenced different
intensities at the level of each structure forming the
gingival mucous membrane. In four of the cases under
analysis, disorganization of the normal layering/stratification
of the epithelium was evidenced, along with the
presence of numerous red cells in the chorione of the
mucous membrane. In such cases, immuno-marking to
MMP8 showed a normal intensity, even if few positive
cells, dispersed among the extravasated red cells could
be observed. Immunologically, MMP8 and MMP9 obey
the same pattern, registering maximum values in the first
8 hours after the application of the orthodontic device,
after which they begin to decrease, returning to the
baseline in the first 2 weeks, for the cases having not
developed HTG, while continuing to increase in those
demonstrating HTG. The TIMP1 levels in GCF are more
strongly correlated with those of MMP8 and not with
those of MMP9.
Conclusions. MMP8, MMP9 and TIMP1 evolution in
various time moments of the orthodontic treatment evidences
their involvement in the occurrence of HTG
Pentraxin-3 levels in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement in young and adult patients
Expression of Pentraxin 3 and Thrombospondin 1 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Wound Healing after Gingivectomy in Postorthodontic Patients
Background. Wound healing is a tissue repair process after an injury, and two of its main components are inflammation and angiogenesis, in which course a cascade of mediators is involved. The aim of this research was to evaluate the involvement of Pentraxin 3 and Thrombospondin 1 in wound healing after periodontal surgery (gingivectomy) for gingival overgrowth during orthodontic treatment with or without magnification devices, by assessing their levels in GCF. Methods. From 19 patients with gingival overgrowth as a result of fixed orthodontic treatment, the overgrown gingiva was removed by gingivectomy, from one half of the mandibular arch without magnification and from the other under magnification. Pentraxin 3 and Thrombospondin 1 were determined from gingival crevicular fluid by ELISA tests. Results. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) and correlations between levels of the two biomarkers were analyzed. Statistically significant differences were established between levels of the two biomarkers at different time points, with significant positive correlation at the point of 24 hours. Conclusions. Within the limitations of this study, the results seem to sustain the involvement of Pentraxin 3 and Thrombospondin 1 in the processes of inflammation and angiogenesis in wound healing of patients with postorthodontic gingivectomy. The dynamics of Pentraxin 3 and Thrombospondin 1 levels could suggest a reduced inflammation and a faster angiogenesis using microsurgery