An assessment of stream flow and habitat quality for steelhead trout in San Pablo Creek, Contra Costa County

The San Pablo Creek Watershed is a large and geographically diverse stream located East of the San Francisco Bay. San Pablo Creek historically provided habitat for an abundant population of steelhead trout, a federally listed threatened species. However, in 1919, the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) constructed a dam and reservoir on San Pablo Creek. Since the 1950’s, residents and regulators have observed a decline in the abundance of anadromous fish. Our study assesses San Pablo Creek’s current viability for anadromous fish, by examining the input of water from perennial tributaries of San Pablo Creek and the mainstem’s habitat characteristics. By analyzing flow patterns and features including pool-riffle sequences and embeddedness, we determined that San Pablo Creek provides adequate rearing habitat for steelhead trout, but limited spawning habitat

Geomorphic, vegetation and flooding characteristics for lower San Pablo Creek : a baseline study

San Pablo Creek drains 42 square miles, debouching into the San Pablo Bay in Richmond, California. In 1919, East Bay Municipal Utility District built a dam in the mid-watershed. The Dam rarely releases water, so the reach downstream (lower San Pablo Creek) has a distinct hydrology driven by runoff from the unregulated, lower, 11.2 square-mile drainage area. Perhaps because flooding is infrequent, and because land-use policies and management have not historically considered low-order channels and their riparian habitat, regulating agencies have spent little time collecting baseline information on the creek. This study seeks to gather such baseline information. The specific questions this study addresses are: 1) What are the key ecological and geomorphic transition zones along the Lower San Pablo Creek? 2) What are the geomorphic, hydrologic, and vegetation characteristics in each of these zones? and 3) What are the discharge estimates for cross-sections in each of these zones?The results of our study indicate that there are five distinct zones along lower San Pablo Creek: the Upper Alluvial Valley, the Lower Alluvial Valley, the Upper Alluvial Fan, the Wildcat-San Pablo Creeks Alluvial Fan, and the Tidal Flats zones. Results from discharge estimates indicate a wide variance of discharge rates between Rantz, Haltiner, and Wannanen-Crippen methods. A high dominance of non-native vegetation and significant incision in the upper cross-sections indicates potential for future restoration efforts

Geomorphic, vegetation and flooding characteristics for lower San Pablo Creek : a baseline study

San Pablo Creek drains 42 square miles, debouching into the San Pablo Bay in Richmond, California. In 1919, East Bay Municipal Utility District built a dam in the mid-watershed. The Dam rarely releases water, so the reach downstream (lower San Pablo Creek) has a distinct hydrology driven by runoff from the unregulated, lower, 11.2 square-mile drainage area. Perhaps because flooding is infrequent, and because land-use policies and management have not historically considered low-order channels and their riparian habitat, regulating agencies have spent little time collecting baseline information on the creek. This study seeks to gather such baseline information. The specific questions this study addresses are: 1) What are the key ecological and geomorphic transition zones along the Lower San Pablo Creek? 2) What are the geomorphic, hydrologic, and vegetation characteristics in each of these zones? and 3) What are the discharge estimates for cross-sections in each of these zones?The results of our study indicate that there are five distinct zones along lower San Pablo Creek: the Upper Alluvial Valley, the Lower Alluvial Valley, the Upper Alluvial Fan, the Wildcat-San Pablo Creeks Alluvial Fan, and the Tidal Flats zones. Results from discharge estimates indicate a wide variance of discharge rates between Rantz, Haltiner, and Wannanen-Crippen methods. A high dominance of non-native vegetation and significant incision in the upper cross-sections indicates potential for future restoration efforts

An assessment of stream flow and habitat quality for steelhead trout in San Pablo Creek, Contra Costa County

The San Pablo Creek Watershed is a large and geographically diverse stream located East of the San Francisco Bay. San Pablo Creek historically provided habitat for an abundant population of steelhead trout, a federally listed threatened species. However, in 1919, the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) constructed a dam and reservoir on San Pablo Creek. Since the 1950’s, residents and regulators have observed a decline in the abundance of anadromous fish. Our study assesses San Pablo Creek’s current viability for anadromous fish, by examining the input of water from perennial tributaries of San Pablo Creek and the mainstem’s habitat characteristics. By analyzing flow patterns and features including pool-riffle sequences and embeddedness, we determined that San Pablo Creek provides adequate rearing habitat for steelhead trout, but limited spawning habitat

Geomorphic, vegetation and flooding characteristics for lower San Pablo Creek : a baseline study

San Pablo Creek drains 42 square miles, debouching into the San Pablo Bay in Richmond, California. In 1919, East Bay Municipal Utility District built a dam in the mid-watershed. The Dam rarely releases water, so the reach downstream (lower San Pablo Creek) has a distinct hydrology driven by runoff from the unregulated, lower, 11.2 square-mile drainage area. Perhaps because flooding is infrequent, and because land-use policies and management have not historically considered low-order channels and their riparian habitat, regulating agencies have spent little time collecting baseline information on the creek. This study seeks to gather such baseline information. The specific questions this study addresses are: 1) What are the key ecological and geomorphic transition zones along the Lower San Pablo Creek? 2) What are the geomorphic, hydrologic, and vegetation characteristics in each of these zones? and 3) What are the discharge estimates for cross-sections in each of these zones?The results of our study indicate that there are five distinct zones along lower San Pablo Creek: the Upper Alluvial Valley, the Lower Alluvial Valley, the Upper Alluvial Fan, the Wildcat-San Pablo Creeks Alluvial Fan, and the Tidal Flats zones. Results from discharge estimates indicate a wide variance of discharge rates between Rantz, Haltiner, and Wannanen-Crippen methods. A high dominance of non-native vegetation and significant incision in the upper cross-sections indicates potential for future restoration efforts

The impact of COVID-19 critical illness on new disability, functional outcomes and return to work at 6 months: A prospective cohort study

Background: There are few reports of new functional impairment following critical illness from COVID-19. We aimed to describe the incidence of death or new disability, functional impairment and changes in health-related quality of life of patients after COVID-19 critical illness at 6 months. Methods: In a nationally representative, multicenter, prospective cohort study of COVID-19 critical illness, we determined the prevalence of death or new disability at 6 months, the primary outcome. We measured mortality, new disability and return to work with changes in the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 12L (WHODAS) and health status with the EQ5D-5LTM. Results: Of 274 eligible patients, 212 were enrolled from 30 hospitals. The median age was 61 (51–70) years, and 124 (58.5%) patients were male. At 6 months, 43/160 (26.9%) patients died and 42/108 (38.9%) responding survivors reported new disability. Compared to pre-illness, the WHODAS percentage score worsened (mean difference (MD), 10.40% [95% CI 7.06–13.77]; pp Conclusions: At six months after COVID-19 critical illness, death and new disability was substantial. Over a third of survivors had new disability, which was widespread across all areas of functioning

Comparison of 6-month outcomes of survivors of COVID-19 versus non–COVID-19 critical illness

Rationale: The outcomes of survivors of critical illness due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) compared with non–COVID-19 are yet to be established. Objectives: We aimed to investigate new disability at 6 months in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to Australian ICUs with COVID-19 compared with non–COVID-19. Methods: We included critically ill patients with COVID-19 and non–COVID-19 from two prospective observational studies. Patients were eligible if they were adult (age ⩾ 18 yr) and received ⩾24 hours of mechanical ventilation. In addition, patients with COVID-19 were eligible with a positive laboratory PCR test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Measurements and Main Results: Demographic, intervention, and hospital outcome data were obtained from electronic medical records. Survivors were contacted by telephone for functional outcomes with trained outcome assessors using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Between March 6, 2020, and April 21, 2021, 120 critically ill patients with COVID-19, and between August 2017 and January 2019, 199 critically ill patients without COVID-19, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Patients with COVID-19 were older (median [interquartile range], 62 [55–71] vs. 58 [44–69] yr; P = 0.019) with a lower Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (17 [13–20] vs. 19 [15–23]; P = 0.011). Although duration of ventilation was longer in patients with COVID-19 than in those without COVID-19 (12 [5–19] vs. 4.8 [2.3–8.8] d; P \u3c 0.001), 180-day mortality was similar between the groups (39/120 [32.5%] vs. 70/199 [35.2%]; P = 0.715). The incidence of death or new disability at 180 days was similar (58/93 [62.4%] vs. 99/150 [66/0%]; P = 0.583). Conclusions: At 6 months, there was no difference in new disability for patients requiring mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 compared with non–COVID-19