The prevalence of hereditary dental abnormalities in school children

Ovim radom utvrđena je učestalost pojedinih dentalnih anomalija u populaciji školske djece celjske regije, koja varira u različitim populacijama, etničkim skupinama i znači specifičnost određene populacije. Pregledano je 513 djece, a ispitivane su abnormalnosti broja, oblika i veličine zubi kao što su: hipodoncija, mikrodoncija, hiperdencija, Carabellijevo svojstvo, invaginacije zubi, lopatasti sjekutići, paramolame kvržice i anomalije u položaju zubi: diastema mediana. Najzastupljenija anomalija u ovoj populaciji je Carabellijeva osobitost s učestalošću od 25,9% zatim invaginacije zubi s 14,8% i diastema mediana s 12,6\u27%. Hipodoncija je prisutna u 2,9%, a mikrodoncija u 3,3% populacije. Ostale anomalije pojavljuju se vrlo rijetko, u manje od 1% populacija. Značajnih razlika u učestalosti prema spolu nema.The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of particular dental anomalies in a population of school children from the area of Celje. This parameter has been found to vary among various population and ethnic groups, thus representing a population-specific feature. A group of 513 children were examined for abnormalities in the number, form and size of teeth, such as hypodontia, microdontia, hyperdontia, Caraibelli’s trait, dental invagination, shovel-shaped incisors, paramolar nodules and position anomalies, e. g. diastema mediana. In our study population, Caraibelli’s trait was found to be most frequent (25.9%), followed by tooth invagination (14.8%) and diastema mediana (12.6%), whereas hypodontia and microdontia were recorded in 2.9\u27% and 3.3% of the population, respectively. Other anomalies were quite infrequently observed, i.e. in less than 1% of the population under study. No significant sex-related difference in the prevalance of anomalies were detected

Characteristics of inheritance of hypodontia in families

Svrha ovog istraživanja bila je utvrditi populacijsku zastupljenoost hipodoncije i mikrodoncije i osobitost njihove genetske transmisije. Pregledano je 513 školske djece celjske regije. Na temelju kliničkog pregleda i rtg analize hipodoncija je nađena u 2,9% populacije, a mikrodoncija u 3,3% populacije. U pacijenata s utvrđenim anomailijama provedena je genealoška analiza tri generacije obitelji u svrhu utvrđivanja tipa nasljeđivanja svojstva unutar obitelji. Hipodoncija se prenosi autosoimno-dominantnim načinom nasljeđivanja s potpunom ili nepotpunom penetrantnošću varijabilnom ekspresivnošću. U nekim slučajevima se nasljeđuje po poligenom modelu. Nalaz jednog od ovih načina nasljeđivanja u nekim slučajevima ne isključuje mogućnost postojanja drukčijeg nasljeđivanja u drugim situacijama. Istovremeni nalazi hipodoncije i mikrodoncije potvrđuju ranije hipoteze da je genetska podloga za te anomalije identična.The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypodontia and microdontia in a population, along with the main characteristics of their genetic transsmission. A group iof 513 school children from the district of Celje were examined. On the basis of clinical examination and X-ray analysis, hypodontia was found in 2.9% and microdontia in 3.3% of the population. In patients with established anomalies, a genealogical analysis of family generations was performed in order to determine the type of trait inheritance within a family. Hypodontia was found to be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with a complete or incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. In some cases, it may be transmitted according to a polygenic model. The finding of one of these types of transmission in some cases would not rule out the possibility of different modes of transmission in other situations. Concurrent findings of hypodontia and microdontia appear to confirm previous hypotheses on identical genetic background of these two anomalies