Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome Co-existing with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a 9-Year Old Nigerian Boy

Tourette disorder is an uncommon neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by involuntary tics and behavioural disturbances. The disorder is most prevalent in childhood. Only a few cases of Gilles disorder had been reported in Nigeria. The disorder shares some characteristics and association with many neuropsychiatric disorders hence, the diagnosis can be easily missed. This is a report of a 9-year old school boy with Tourette disorder with co-existing Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). The diagnosis in this child was missed on initial assessment, hence this report highlights the need for high index of suspicion when children present with involuntary tics

Quality of Sleep and Psychological Distress in Glaucoma

Background: People living with glaucoma are psychologically burdened because of the threat of visual loss. Therefore, understanding the psychosocial issues and quality of sleep holds important implications for the recognition, prevention, and treatment of emotional problems among people with glaucoma. This study investigated the quality of sleep and psychological distress among people with glaucoma. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of adults recruited over a period of 12 weeks from a glaucoma clinic of a Teaching Hospital in south-west Nigeria. The quality of sleep and psychological distress were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and General Health Questionnaire respectively. Results: Ninety-three adults with glaucoma participated in the study. The mean age was 62.33 ± 15.25 years. Fifty-seven (61.3%) of the subjects were poor sleepers while 27 (29.0%) were psychologically distressed. Psychological distress correlated with global sleep score (r = 0.399, p = 0.000), subjective sleep quality (r = 0.341, p = 0.001), sleep latency (r = 0.245, p = 0.018) and sleep disturbance (r = 0.279, p = 0.007). Conclusion: Psychological distress and sleep disturbances were common among patients with glaucoma. Concerns about these issues should be incorporated into routine clinical evaluations of patients with glaucoma

Family Demographics, Somatic Symptoms and Problem Gambling Among Students in a Nigerian Institution

Background: Problem gambling is becoming a potential public health epidemic in southwest Nigeria. Individuals with gambling problems are underdiagnosed and relatively under-recognised. Hence, they rarely present with complaints of gambling problems at clinics. The family plays a significant role in identifying and managing persons with gambling addiction. Healthcare professionals need to have a high index of suspicion and understanding of the relationships between family demographics and the presentation of somatic symptoms among high-risk groups. Objective: To assess the relationships between family demographics, somatic symptoms, and gambling problems among Nigerian tertiary educational institution students. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out among 183 students of a tertiary education institution in Ogun State, southwest Nigeria. The Southern Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) were the tools used to assess the pattern of gambling and somatic symptoms, respectively. Results: The prevalence of gambling disorder was 23% (42/183). There was a significant relationship between somatic symptoms and problem gambling (p = 0.02). The predictors of probable gambling were a positive family history of gambling (OR = 3.64, p = 0.01, CI = 1.34-9.90), gender (OR = 0.36, p = 0.02, CI = 0.15-0.86) and a decreasing level of the father's education (OR = 2.78, p = 0.02, CI = 1.15-6.71). At the same time, monthly allowances (OR= 1.01, p = 0.07) and somatic symptoms were not predictors of problem gambling (OR = 0.41, p = 0.17). Conclusions: Healthcare professionals need a high index of suspicion when evaluating young persons with somatic symptoms