Field-Induced Modulated State in the Ferromagnet PrPtAl

The theory of quantum order-by-disorder (QOBD) explains the formation of modulated magnetic states at the boundary between ferromagnetism and paramagnetism in zero field. PrPtAl has been argued to provide an archetype for this. Here, we report the phase diagram in magnetic field, applied along both the easy a axis and hard b axis. For field aligned to the b axis, we find that the magnetic transition temperatures are suppressed and at low temperature there is a single modulated fan state, separating an easy a axis ferromagnetic state from a field polarized state. This fan state is well explained with the QOBD theory in the presence of anisotropy and field. Experimental evidence supporting the QOBD explanation is provided by the large increase in the T^{2} coefficient of the resistivity and direct detection of enhanced magnetic fluctuations with inelastic neutron scattering, across the field range spanned by the fan state. This shows that the QOBD mechanism can explain field induced modulated states that persist to very low temperature

Ureteric Injury During Transvaginal Ultrasound Guided Oocyte Retrieval

Background: Transvaginal ultrasound guided oocyte retrieval during in vitro fertilization is performed routinely around the world and has reduced the occurrence of intra-abdominal injury considerably over laparoscopic procedures. Despite this, injuries do occur. Case: We report a case of a 37-year-old patient who underwent IVF and encountered a ureteric injury during oocyte retrieval, which was recognized early and treated with ureteral stents with full resolution. During a subsequent IVF cycle, stenting of the ureters allowed better visualization, resulting in an uneventful retrieval and subsequent pregnancy. Conclusion: Ureteric injury can occur during transvaginal ultrasound guided egg retrieval. Prompt recognition is vital to successful treatment. Stenting of the ureters is the most common therapeutic modality and can be used in subsequent retrievals to identify the ureters

Study the polymorphism in UCSNP43, 44 to exon 3 of Calpain-10 gene of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome women in Thi Qar Province

The correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was reported regarding T2DM genes, which contribute in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The current study was aimed to investigate the association of CAPN-10 gene UCSNP-43, UCSNP-44 polymorphism with PCOS.Thirty women with PCOS and 20 healthy, which are matched in their age, were selected to test the anthropometric and biochemical profile of our samples. Nucleic acid of samples was extracted and genotype analysis was done.  The results of patients-hormonal analysis were indicated that the level of follicle stimulating hormone was low and the levels of other hormones were high in comparison to that of healthy women. Biomass (BMI) and lipid profiles of PCOS patients were higher than from these in healthy women. Haplotypes of sequenced samples were determined for each gene fragment. The same three haplotypes of SNPs-43 were identified in both PCOS and controls samples. On the other hand, high diversity of haplotypes was found from SNPs-44. The meta-analysis with fixed and random effects odds ratio (ORs) on the basis of haplotypes frequencies were presented

Study the polymorphism in UCSNP43, 44 to exon 3 of Calpain-10 gene of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome women in Thi Qar Province

The correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was reported regarding T2DM genes, which contribute in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The current study was aimed to investigate the association of CAPN-10 gene UCSNP-43, UCSNP-44 polymorphism with PCOS.Thirty women with PCOS and 20 healthy, which are matched in their age, were selected to test the anthropometric and biochemical profile of our samples. Nucleic acid of samples was extracted and genotype analysis was done.  The results of patients-hormonal analysis were indicated that the level of follicle stimulating hormone was low and the levels of other hormones were high in comparison to that of healthy women. Biomass (BMI) and lipid profiles of PCOS patients were higher than from these in healthy women. Haplotypes of sequenced samples were determined for each gene fragment. The same three haplotypes of SNPs-43 were identified in both PCOS and controls samples. On the other hand, high diversity of haplotypes was found from SNPs-44. The meta-analysis with fixed and random effects odds ratio (ORs) on the basis of haplotypes frequencies were presented

Whole genome sequencing of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a high burden tuberculosis region of North West Pakistan

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, is a leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide, including in Pakistan. Drug resistant M. tuberculosis is an emerging threat for TB control, making it important to detect the underlying genetic mutations, and thereby inform treatment decision making and prevent transmission. Whole genome sequencing has emerged as the new diagnostic to reliably predict drug resistance within a clinically relevant time frame, and its deployment will have the greatest impact on TB control in highly endemic regions. To evaluate the mutations leading to drug resistance and to assess for evidence of the transmission of resistant strains, 81 M. tuberculosis samples from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (North West Pakistan) were subjected to whole genome sequencing and standard drug susceptibility testing for eleven anti-TB drugs. We found the majority of M. tuberculosis isolates were the CAS/Delhi strain-type (lineage 3; n = 57; 70.4%) and multi-drug resistant (MDR; n = 62; 76.5%). The most frequent resistance mutations were observed in the katG and rpoB genes, conferring resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin respectively. Mutations were also observed in genes conferring resistance to other first and second-line drugs, including in pncA (pyrazinamide), embB (ethambutol), gyrA (fluoroquinolones), rrs (aminoglycosides), rpsL, rrs and giB (streptomycin) loci. Whilst the majority of mutations have been reported in global datasets, we describe unreported putative resistance markers in katG, ethA (ethionamide), gyrA and gyrB (fluoroquinolones), and pncA. Analysis of the mutations revealed that acquisition of rifampicin resistance often preceded isoniazid in our isolates. We also observed a high proportion (17.6%) of pre-MDR isolates with fluoroquinolone resistance markers, potentially due to unregulated anti-TB drug use. Our isolates were compared to previously sequenced strains from Pakistan in a combined phylogenetic tree analysis. The presence of lineage 2 was only observed in our isolates. Using a cut-off of less than ten genome-wide mutation differences between isolates, a transmission analysis revealed 18 M. tuberculosis isolates clustering within eight networks, thereby providing evidence of drug-resistant TB transmission in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Overall, we have demonstrated that drug-resistant TB isolates are circulating and transmitted in North West Pakistan. Further, we have shown the usefulness of whole genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool for characterizing M. tuberculosis isolates, which will assist future epidemiological studies and disease control activities in Pakistan

Quantum Tricritical Points in NbFe2_2

Quantum critical points (QCPs) emerge when a 2nd order phase transition is suppressed to zero temperature. In metals the quantum fluctuations at such a QCP can give rise to new phases including unconventional superconductivity. Whereas antiferromagnetic QCPs have been studied in considerable detail ferromagnetic (FM) QCPs are much harder to access. In almost all metals FM QCPs are avoided through either a change to 1st order transitions or through an intervening spin-density-wave (SDW) phase. Here, we study the prototype of the second case, NbFe$_2$. We demonstrate that the phase diagram can be modelled using a two-order-parameter theory in which the putative FM QCP is buried within a SDW phase. We establish the presence of quantum tricritical points (QTCPs) at which both the uniform and finite $q$ susceptibility diverge. The universal nature of our model suggests that such QTCPs arise naturally from the interplay between SDW and FM order and exist generally near a buried FM QCP of this type. Our results promote NbFe$_2$ as the first example of a QTCP, which has been proposed as a key concept in a range of narrow-band metals, including the prominent heavy-fermion compound YbRh$_2$Si$_2$.Comment: 21 pages including S

Optimization of Virtual Frisch-Grid Cdznte Detector Designs for Imaging and Spectroscopy of Gamma Rays.

In the past, various virtual Frisch-grid designs have been proposed for cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) and other compound semiconductor detectors. These include three-terminal, semi-spherical, CAPture, Frisch-ring, capacitive Frisch-grid and pixel devices (along with their modifications). Among them, the Frisch-grid design employing a non-contacting ring extended over the entire side surfaces of parallelepiped-shaped CZT crystals is the most promising. The defect-free parallelepiped-shaped crystals with typical dimensions of 5x5{approx}12 mm3 are easy to produce and can be arranged into large arrays used for imaging and gamma-ray spectroscopy. In this paper, we report on further advances of the virtual Frisch-grid detector design for the parallelepiped-shaped CZT crystals. Both the experimental testing and modeling results are described