Peranan sikap peminat sebagai pengantara dalam hubungan antara buli siber, penghargaan kendiri dan kesejahteraan psikologi

Stereotaip oleh netizen telah keterlaluan terhadap peminat dewasa muda yang secara terbuka berkongsi minat mereka terhadap selebriti, contohnya, BTS sehingga menyebabkan mereka menjadi mangsa buli siber. Mesej positif BTS tidak lain adalah pengaruh dalam kehidupan peminat mereka mengenai harga diri dan kesejahteraan psikologi mereka. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara pengalaman tingkah laku buli siber dan harga diri dengan kesejahteraan psikologi dalam kalangan peminat dewasa muda BTS di Malaysia dan untuk melihat sikap peminat sebagai pengantara yang berpotensi dalam hubungan ini. Responden kajian ini terdiri daripada 397 orang dewasa muda dan soal selidik diedarkan menggunakan teknik persampelan bertujuan dan bola salji. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengalaman tingkah laku buli siber dengan kesejahteraan psikologi manakala terdapat hubungan signifikan yang positif antara harga diri dan kesejahteraan psikologi. Sikap peminat membuktikan ia berperanan sebagai orang tengah dalam hubungan antara harga diri dan kesejahteraan psikologi. Beberapa cadangan telah dicadangkan bagi meningkatkan kualiti kajian masa hadapan seperti kajian akan dijalankan secara longitudinal menggunakan teknik kajian temu bual dan pemerhatian

Pemerkasaaan ekonomi (keusahawanan) wanita OKU fizikal: cabaran memulakan perniagaan

Makalah ini akan membincangkan penemuan kajian yang telah dijalankan bagi meneroka cabaran wanita kurang upaya (OKU) fizikal dalam keusahawanan. Skop penerokaan melibatkan fasa permulaan perniagaan yang memerlukan informan menceritakan pengalaman berhadapan cabaran awal dalam perniagaan. Kajian direkabentuk menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sepenuhnya dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan kaedah Kumpulan Perbincangan Berfokus (Focus Group Discussion). Lokasi kajian melibatkan empat zon Malaysia iaitu zon Utara, Timur, Tengah dan Selatan. Seramai 34 orang wanita OKU fizikal yang merupakan peniaga telah dipilih untuk ditemubual. Pemilihan informan dibuat secara bertujuan dengan memilih penerima geran pelancaran Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Malaysia. Analisis tematik yang dijalankan menunjukkan terdapat tiga cabaran utama yang dihadapi oleh informan ketika fasa memulakan perniagaan iaitu: i- kurang akses kepada maklumat, ii- implikasi ketidakupayaan fizikal dan iii- cabaran dwi-peranan. Hasil kajian memberi implikasi terhadap usaha pihak berkepentingan meningkatkan pencapaian memperkasakan wanita OKU fizikal dalam memulakan perniagaan. Di samping itu, makalah ini turut membincangkan justifikasi ilmiah kepada cadangan bagi pembinaan Model Pemerkasaaan Ekonomi (Keusahawanan) Wanita OKU Fizikal sebagai output kajian ini

An exploratory study on symptoms of problem behaviors among juvenile offenders

This study examined different types of symptoms of problem behaviours among juvenile offenders. Various symptoms of problem behaviours such as social problem, thinking problem, attention problem, rule-breaking behaviour, and aggressive behaviour can be predicted among young juvenile delinquents. There were 404 juvenile offenders participated in the study, consisted of 280 males and 124 females. All respondents convicted with seven different offenses. Prior to that, three research questions were developed: 1. Are there differences in the symptoms of problem behaviours among different types of juvenile offenders? 2. Are there gender differences in the symptoms of problem behaviours among young offenders? 3. Are there any age differences in the symptoms of problem behaviours among juvenile offenders? The results showed there were different symptoms of problem behaviours among young offenders. Gender differences profile also showed mean differences in each symptom of problem behaviours among juvenile offenders. One-way ANOVA results showed significant differences in thought problem F (7) = 2.748, p< .01 and attention problem F (7) = 25.948, p < .01 among different types of delinquent behaviours. Moreover, t-test results revealed that gender differences were significant in social problem; t (402) = -2.710, p<.01, thought problems; t (402) = -2.476, p<.05, attention problem; t (402) = -4.841, p<.001, and aggressive behaviour; t (402) = -3.165, p<.001, p< .01

Illegitimate Police Task Stress Questionnaire: Development and Psychometric Evaluation

Introduction. In the police profession, illegitimate tasks have detrimental impacts on personal and organizational wellbeing. It affects job performance, job satisfaction level and relationship between law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve. There is no valid questionnaire to measure illegitimate police task stress. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric features of illegitimate police tasks stress questionnaire (IPTSQ). Methods. The present study employed a mixed-methods approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore illegitimate tasks among police officials (N=620) in Pakistan. We conducted exploratory factor analysis on 160 employees and later cross validated on best factor structure identified by way of confirmatory factor analysis on 460 police officials. Results. The result showed that the illegitimate police tasks stress questionnaire was composed of 21 items with 2 factors (unnecessary tasks and unreasonable tasks). The composite reliability of IPTSQ was 0.89. Discussion. In conclusion, it is valid, reliable and easy to use scale. The psychometric properties of this scale are satisfactory, making it well-suited for&nbsp; research purposes, policies, or decision makers in police department. This scale would help the police department evaluate and prioritize tasks in a way that is consistent with their fundamental goal of maintaining public safety and enforcing the law.Introduction. In the police profession, illegitimate tasks have detrimental impacts on personal and organizational wellbeing. It affects job performance, job satisfaction level and relationship between law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve. There is no valid questionnaire to measure illegitimate police task stress. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric features of illegitimate police tasks stress questionnaire (IPTSQ). Methods. The present study employed a mixed-methods approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore illegitimate tasks among police officials (N=620) in Pakistan. We conducted exploratory factor analysis on 160 employees and later cross validated on best factor structure identified by way of confirmatory factor analysis on 460 police officials. Results. The result showed that the illegitimate police tasks stress questionnaire was composed of 21 items with 2 factors (unnecessary tasks and unreasonable tasks). The composite reliability of IPTSQ was 0.89. Discussion. In conclusion, it is valid, reliable and easy to use scale. The psychometric properties of this scale are satisfactory, making it well-suited for&nbsp; research purposes, policies, or decision makers in police department. This scale would help the police department evaluate and prioritize tasks in a way that is consistent with their fundamental goal of maintaining public safety and enforcing the law

Kualiti perkahwinan pada fasa pertama perkahwinan (1-10 tahun) : pengaruh gaya komunikasi dan penyesuaian hidup

Kualiti perkahwinan telah dikaji selama beberapa dekad tetapi penemuan masih berubah-ubah kerana adanya harapan dan permintaan individu yang realistik atau idealistik. Walau bagaimanapun, 10 tahun pertama perkahwinan dilihat sebagai satu fasa yang paling mencabar bagi pasangan berkahwin kerana kedua-dua pasangan perlu menangani hidup dan menyesuaikan diri dalam alam perkahwinan. Oleh itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh gaya komunikasi dan penyesuaian hidup terhadap kualiti perkahwinan dalam pasangan suami isteri yang telah berkahwin antara satu hingga 10 tahun. Sejumlah 340 responden berusia antara 20 hingga 40 tahun telah terpilih untuk kajian ini. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah kajian silang rentas. Responden diberi satu set soal selidik yang terdiri daripada maklumat demografi, skala kualiti perkahwinan, skala gaya komunikasi, dan skala penyesuaian hidup. Berdasarkan hasil regresi berganda, kedua-dua gaya komunikasi (gaya komunikasi terbuka vs gaya komunikasi negatif) dan penyesuaian hidup adalah peramal yang signifikan kepada kualiti perkahwinan dalam kalangan pasangan muda (1-10 tahun perkahwinan) di Malaysia. Kedua-dua peramal menyumbang kepada sejumlah besar varians perkahwinan berkualiti. Kesimpulannya, gaya komunikasi terbuka dan penyesuaian hidup boleh menjadi elemen penting dalam menjamin dan mengekalkan sesebuah perkahwinan dalam jangka masa panjang. Kedua-dua peramal ini juga boleh dicadangkan sebagai modul pasca perkahwinan untuk pasangan berkahwin kurang daripada 10 tahun

Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive function: a systematic review

Cognitive function is essential for daily activities. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) may improve cognitive function by enhancing psychological flexibility, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of ACT on cognitive function. Seven research databases (PubMed, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, CNKI, Scopus, Wanfang) were searched to collect articles with trials published in English and Chinese. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we identified 12 studies published between 1994 and 2022 that included a combined total of 904 participants. Among the included studies were within-group (N = 3) and randomized controlled trial (RCT, N = 9) study designs. Outcome measures included cognitive scales and behavioral measurements. Of the 12 articles, 10 studies showed improvements in certain domains of cognitive function due indirectly to ACT intervention. We found that the ability of ACT intervention to promote psychological flexibility is due to its transdiagnostic nature. Also, the effects of the ACT intervention were observed in multiple cognitive domains: attention, subjective cognitive function, executive function, and memory. In conclusion, cognitive trainers could consider practicing ACT as part of their strategy to enhance an individuals psychological flexibility and cognitive function

Challenges in nurturing HFASD teens: Emotional crises and expectations of mothers in Malaysia

The transition to young adulthood brings distinctive challenges for high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) children and their families, especially post-formal education. This qualitative case study research aims to explore hurdles faced by mothers navigating HFASD adolescents. The result shows that financial strain, stigma, and loneliness loom large, compounded by emotional crises tied to uncertainty and stress about their children's future. Mothers advocate for multiple work opportunities and independence, underscoring a notable gap between HFASD teens' needs, available services, and community resources. The study enlightened mothers and inspired proactive measures, emphasizing the imperative for a collective, interdisciplinary effort to align services comprehensively—addressing residential, employment, and social aspects—to enhance the quality of life for HFASD individuals

Covid-19's impact on the physical environments of people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic literature review

COVID-19 pandemic is a public health issue. From 2019 to 2022, 4.5 million people died from the COVID-19 epidemic. Consequently, COVID-19 has put a significant strain on every single creature in this world. COVID-19 has been associated with lockdown, thus resulting in lockdown related inequities towards most people in this world, with unanticipated consequences for people with disabilities. Building in this debate, this paper aimed to discuss on the impacts of COVID-19 on the physical health of People with Intellectual Disabilities. Based on the Prisma protocol, this systematic literature review examined 28 publications from Web Sources of Science and Scopus.The study identified three themes regarding the impact of COVID-19 on the physical environment of people with intellectual disabilities namely mental health, social isolation, severe health problems, socioeconomic and psychology. This study has significant implications in understanding how PWID are impacted by COVID 19 and urged that early preventative measures should be taken since People with Intellectual Disabilities are considered a vulnerable population, therefore it is crucial to ensure that their health status are sustained

The usage of e-cigarette in curbing tobacco addiction: a baseline study

Tobacco cigarette is not the only product that consist of nicotine as the existence of electronic cigarette had been observed as a device that can replace the function of a tobacco cigarette. However, electronic cigarette has caused many controversial issues, especially as an intervention for tobacco cigarette's cessation. For that reason, this study was conducted as the baseline study to find the effectiveness of electronic cigarettes in curbing the tobacco cigarette's addiction and the existence of dual-use. Ten subjects went through the screening test, using the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to join this experiment for 40 days. The research used to pretest and posttest design. The baseline results showed that the electronic cigarette is effective in curbing tobacco cigarette addiction as the percentage of the consumed tobacco cigarette was decreased; 87.93% on min value to 35.38% on the maximum value. The existence of dual-use also has been proved. In which, all subjects showed an increase in the usage of an electronic cigarette. Despite the usage of tobacco, cigarettes decreased. Moreover, the baseline results showed that the dependence of nicotine is also decreased significantly (t = 22.481, p < 0.05) in paired t-test

The relationships between spirituality, coping strategies, and psychological distress among haemodialysis patients

Living as end-stage renal failure patients undergoing haemodialysis can be a challenge because there are restrictions in daily life. Spirituality aspects and coping strategies may play an essential role in individuals' psychological distress. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the aspect of spirituality and coping strategies with psychological distress in haemodialysis patients. Participants were 64 patients undergoing haemodialysis in Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang. Pearson correlations and multiple regression were conducted to examine the relationship and predicting the best predictor of psychological distress. Instruments used were Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, Coping Strategies Short-Form, and Kessler-10. Results showed that there were significant correlations between spirituality aspects and psychological distress. This study also confirms that there was a significant relationship between problem-focused engagement and emotion-focused engagement with psychological distress. Likewise, emotion-focused disengagement and problem-focused disengagement also reported having a significant relationship with psychological distress. Additionally, emotion-focused disengagement was the leading cause of psychological distress among patients. Therefore, it implies that spirituality aspects and using the right coping strategies can help in managing patients' psychological distress to lead a more positive and improve everyday life