45 research outputs found

    Multi-Protocol Header Protection (MPHP), a way to support error-resilient multimedia coding in wireless networks

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    In wireless networks, the quality of the media delivered to the user by real-time multimedia applications can be enhanced if corrupted packets are delivered to the application layer instead of being discarded at lower levels. Those erroneous packets are efficiently supported with the new error-resilient multimedia codecs and with UDP-lite. The Multi Protocol Header Protection (MPHP) is an efficient means to enable this thanks to an FEC mechanism which protects all protocol headers involved in the data transfer. MPHP improves the throughput by several orders of magnitude compared with conventional protocol stack. We show this efficiency in the specific context of satellite networks

    Evaluation of floristic diversity in urban areas as a basis for habitat management

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    International audienceQuestions: How can floristic diversity be evaluated in conser‐vation plans to identify sites of highest interest for biodiversity? What are the mechanisms influencing the distribution of species in human‐dominated environments? What are the best criteria to identify sites where active urban management is most likely to enhance floristic diversity?Location: The Hauts‐de‐Seine district bordering Paris, France.Methods: We described the floristic diversity in one of the most urbanized French districts through the inventory of ca. 1000 sites located in 23 habitats. We built a new index of floristic interest (IFI), integrating information on richness, indigeneity, typicality and rarity of species, to identify sites and habitats of highest interest for conservation. Finally, we explored the relationship between site IFI and land use patterns (LUP).Results: We observed a total of 626 vascular plant species. Habitats with highest IFI were typically situated in seminatural environments or environments with moderate human impact. We also showed that neighbouring (urban) structures had a significant influence on the floristic interest of sites: for example, the presence of collective dwellings around a site had a strong negative impact on IFI.Conclusions: Our approach can be used to optimize management in urban zones; we illustrate such possibilities by defining a ‘Site Potential Value’, which was then compared with the observed IFI, to identify areas (e.g. river banks) where better management could improve the district's biodiversity

    National distributional atlases and species inventory: toward a more iterative approach and a taxonomic balancing

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    This synthesis analyses the use and limitations of the distributional atlases data for applied nature conservation studies. From the gaps and opportunities observed in France, we suggest a set of practical and scientific recommendations in order to strengthen their use in systematic conservation planning for terrestrial biodiversity (protected networks, green infrastructure and land settlement). The two main advices are to adopt an iterative approach between field survey and data analysis, and the selection of the species groups to inventory. The iterative process consists of regularly using available valid data to identify spatial and taxonomic gaps in the inventory, to model the potential distribution of each species and to estimate their ecological niche. During the distribution inventory project, this information can enable the sorting of new data according to their plausibility (data validation process) and should be used to identify priority areas for new field surveys. As scientific literature concludes that there is low consistency of biodiversity congruence relationship, we suggest increasing taxonomic representation in new atlases projects in order to provide a more complete view of species distribution for nature conservation initiatives. Ideally, the species groups should be rich in restricted range and low mobility species, or rich in habitat specialist species or contain species playing a recognized role in ecosystem functioning. Taking into account practical and technical criteria, a list of taxa is proposed for new distribution atlases. This proposal would cover about 20 % of known terrestrial species compared to current 5 %, with more effort on invertebrates, plants and fungi.Cette synthĂšse analyse les utilisations et les limites des atlas nationaux de distribution d’espĂšces et de leurs donnĂ©es d’inventaires dans le domaine appliquĂ© Ă  la conservation de la nature. À partir des lacunes et des opportunitĂ©s techniques constatĂ©es en France, nous proposons une sĂ©rie de recommandations pratiques et scientifiques afin de renforcer leur utilisation dans les dĂ©marches de planification spatiale de la conservation de la biodiversitĂ© terrestre (aires protĂ©gĂ©es, rĂ©seaux Ă©cologiques, amĂ©nagement du territoire). Les deux principaux aspects concernent la mise en place d’une dĂ©marche itĂ©rative et le choix des groupes d’espĂšces. La dĂ©marche itĂ©rative consiste Ă  analyser rĂ©guliĂšrement les donnĂ©es disponibles validĂ©es afin d’identifier les lacunes de prospection, modĂ©liser la distribution potentielle des espĂšces et estimer leur niche Ă©cologique. Ces informations doivent ensuite faciliter le processus de validation, en triant les nouvelles donnĂ©es selon leur vraisemblance au regard de l’occurrence et de la niche et servir Ă  dĂ©finir de nouveaux territoires Ă  inventorier prioritairement. Comme la littĂ©rature montre que les zones importantes pour la conservation varient suivant les groupes d’espĂšces, nous proposons d’augmenter la reprĂ©sentativitĂ© taxinomique avec de nouveaux atlas, afin d’apporter une vision plus complĂšte de la distribution des espĂšces pour les dispositifs de conservation. IdĂ©alement, les groupes inventoriĂ©s doivent ĂȘtre riches en espĂšces Ă  rĂ©partition restreinte et peu mobiles et/ou prĂ©senter une forte proportion d’espĂšces spĂ©cialistes de certains milieux et/ou jouant un rĂŽle reconnu dans les processus Ă©cologiques

    Optimisation de la fiabilité pour des communications multipoints par satellite géostationnaire

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    PARIS-Télécom ParisTech (751132302) / SudocSudocFranceF

    ATLAS DE LA FLORE SAUVAGE DU DEPARTEMENT DE LA SEINE-SAINT-DENIS

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    En 2000, avant le début des inventaires systématiques, la base de données FLORA ne rassemblait, sur le département de la Seine-Saint-Denis, que quelques données réparties sur une dizaine de communes. Aujourd'hui, l'atlas floristique de la Seine-Saint-Denis synthétise 62 168 données, la plupart recueillies lors des prospections du Conservatoire Botanique National du Bassin Parisien et de ses correspondants entre juin 2001 et septembre 2005. Avec plus de 1550 données en moyenne par commune, ce travail dresse un état zéro de la flore du département au début de ce troisiÚme millénaire et permettra ultérieurement de suivre son évolution

    Stimulation par le sevrage de la synthese des proteines des muscles lisse et strie du tractus gastrointestinal

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    National audienc

    Effets de l'age et du sevrage sur la synthese des proteines pancreatiques de l'agneau

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    National audienc

    Protein synthesis and degradation in growing lambs.

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    International audienc

    In vivo longitudinal variations in protein synthesis in developing ovine intestines

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    International audienc

    In vivo protein synthesis in the developing ruminant stomach

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    International audienc
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