Synthesis of Superheavy elements and Theory of Atomic Nucleus

The connection of synthesis of long-lived superheavy nuclei and existence of the island of stability with the choice of realistic nuclear potential is discussed: the behaviour of the average field of nuclei is an important element of nuclear models. It is also shown that it is just Dubna that possesses the priority both in the recent synthesis of a superheavy nucleus with charge Z=114 and in its theoretical prediction made 35 years ago. Possible sizes of the island of stability of superheavy nuclei are considered.Comment: 14 pages . Talk at the Intern.Symp.on Exotic Nuclei . Baikal Lake, July 24 -- 28, 200

Mechanosorption of Co2 by silicates: mechanism, kinetics and possible applications

Mechanically induced CO2 extensive sorption by silicate minerals (labradorite, diopside, okermanite, ghelenite, and wollastonite) has been considered. The silicates mechanically activated in CO2 atmosphere in a planetary mill AGO-2 have been characterized using XRD and IR spectroscopy. Micro- and nanostructure of material resulting from mechanochemical interaction of diopside with CO2 were investigated using SEM and TEM. The obtained data suggest that CO2 penetrates the structurally disordered silicate matrix and “dissolves” in the particles volume with formation of homogeneous carbonate-silicate phase. Equations that reasonably good represent kinetics of CO2 mechanosorption by the silicates have been proposed. These equations enable to calculate mechanosorption coefficients characterizing the diffusivity of CO2 into disordered silicate matrix under intensive mechanical impact. Correlations between CO2 content in mechanically activated silicates and CO2 solubility in the corresponding melts, as well as between mechanosorption coefficients and CO2 diffusion coefficients in the melts have been revealed. Possible application of the revealed effect in improving of alkali-activated ferrous-magnesium slag binding materials has been discussed

Angular Schmidt Modes in Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion

We report a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating that appropriately chosen set of Hermite-Gaussian modes constitutes a Schmidt decomposition for transverse momentum states of biphotons generated in the process of spontaneous parametric down conversion. We experimentally realize projective measurements in Schmidt basis and observe correlations between appropriate pairs of modes. We perform tomographical state reconstruction in the Schmidt basis, by direct measurement of single-photon density matrix eigenvalues.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Optical spectroscopy using biphotons

The possibility of performing spectroscopic study using correlated photon pairs (biphotons) generated in spontaneous parametric down conversion was analyzed. It was shown that the use of modulated single-photon wave packets makes it possible to measure the shape of an absorption line even when its width is much smaller than the monochromator resolution. © 2007 by Allerton Press, Inc