69 research outputs found
The Effects of a Learning Organization on Teachers Professionalism
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Όλ¬Έ (λ°μ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : κ΅μ‘νκ³Ό, 2011.2. μ μ μ² .Docto
Expression of Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase during cellular differentiation
Maste
λ κ°μ μλ² νμμμ λκΈ°μ΄ λ¬Έμ
Thesis(master`s)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :κ²½μ νλΆ κ²½μ νμ 곡,2006.Maste
A Study on Legislative improvement for Introduction of Hydrogen-fuelled Ships
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ¨μ€κ°μ€ λ°°μΆλ κ·μ μ λμνκΈ° μν 무νμ μ°λ£μΈ μμλ₯Ό μ°λ£λ‘ μ¬μ©νλ μ λ°μ λμ
μ μνμ¬ μ μ©νμ¬μΌ νλ κΈ°μ‘΄μ λ²μ λ λ° μμ κ·μ μ κ³ μ°°νκ³ , κ°μ λμ΄μΌ νλ λ²λ₯ κ°μ μμ λμΆνλλ° κ·Έ λͺ©νκ° μλ€.
μν, μμ λ° κΈ°ν νμμ°λ£ κΈ°λ°μ μ°λ£ μ¬μ©μ΄ κΈμ¦νλ©΄μ λκΈ°λ‘ λ°°μΆλλ μ¨μ€ κ°μ€μ λ°°μΆλ(GHG)λ μ¦κ°νμ¬ μ§κ΅¬μ¨λνλ κ°μ₯ μ¬κ°ν μ§κ΅¬νκ²½λ¬Έμ λ‘ μΈκΈλκ³ μλ€. μ΄μ λμνκΈ° μνμ¬ κ΅μ μ°ν©(UN)μ μ¨μ€κ°μ€λ₯Ό μ ννκΈ° μνμ¬ λ²κ΅κ°μ ν©μλ₯Ό λμΆνκΈ° μν λ
Έλ ₯μ ν΄ μμΌλ©°, κΈ°νλ³ννμ½κ³Ό κ΅ν μμ μ 체결μ ν΅ν΄ κ·Έ λ
Έλ ₯μ κ²°μ€μ 보기 μμνμλ€. μ΄λ¬ν νμ½μ β곡λμ, κ·Έλ¬λ μ°¨λ³νλ μ±
μ(Common, But Differentiated Responsibilities) μμΉβμ κΈ°λ°μΌλ‘ μ무λ₯Ό κ·μ νλ€.
ννΈ, κ΅μ ν΄μ¬κΈ°κ΅¬λ βλΉμ°¨λ³(No more Favorable Treatment)μμΉβμ μ±ννμ¬, λ²μ§κ΅¬μ μΈ ν경보νΈλ₯Ό μν΄ κ΅κ°κ° μ μλ‘ νμ½μ λΉμ€ν¨μΌλ‘ μΈνμ¬ λΆμ΄μ΅μ λ°μμλ μ λ¨μ κ°μ‘°νκ³ μλ€. μ 73μ°¨ ν΄μν경보νΈμμνλβμ 4μ°¨ κ΅μ ν΄μ¬κΈ°κ΅¬ μ¨μ€κ°μ€ μ°κ΅¬λ³΄κ³ μ(Fourth IMO GHG Study 2020)λ₯Ό μΉμΈνμμΌλ©°, μ΄ λ³΄κ³ μλ 2012λ
λΆν° 2018λ
μ¬μ΄μ μ λ° κΈ°μΈ GHG λ°°μΆλμ μ°μ νμ¬ 2050λ
κΉμ§μ νμ μ§μ½λμ λν μμΈ‘λκ³Ό λͺ©νλμ ν¬ν¨νλ€. μΉμΈλ λͺ©νλμ λλ¬νκΈ° μν΄μλ μ£Όλ‘ μ μ‘°μ μ μ μ©λλ κΈ°μ μ μ‘°μΉμ κΈ°μ‘΄μ μ΄νμ μ μ μ©ν μ μλ κ°μμ΄ν, νλ‘μ΅μ ν λ±μ ν΅ν΄ κ²½μ μ μΌλ‘ νν΄μ μ¬μ©λλ μ°λ£λ₯Ό μ€μ΄λ μ΄νμ μ‘°μΉλ₯Ό ν΅νμ¬ μ κ°νλ κ²λ§μΌλ‘λ νκ³κ° μμΌλ©°, 무νμ μ°λ£λ‘ μ ννλ μ‘°μΉκ° μΆκ°λ‘ μꡬλλ€. μ΄λ¬ν μ€μ μλ λΆκ΅¬νκ³ μ°λ¦¬λλΌλ 무νμμ°λ£λ₯Ό μ λ°μμ μ¬μ©νλ κ²μ λν μμ κ·μ μ΄ λΆμ¬ν μν©μ΄λ€.
μΉνκ²½μ°λ£λ λ€μν μ΅μ
μ΄ μ‘΄μ¬νλ©°, μμ κ³Ό λ²λ Ή, κ°κ²©, μΈνλΌμ νΈλ¦¬μ±, μ λ° μλͺ
λμμ μ΄μ°ννμ λ°°μΆμ΄λ, μ°λ£κ³΅κΈμ μμ μ± λ± μ¬λ¬ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν΄μΌ νλ€. μ λ°μ© λ체 μ°λ£λ‘λ μλͺ¨λμ, λ°μ΄μ€μ°λ£, λ©νμ¬ λ±μ΄ μμμ ν¨κ» μΌλ°μ μΈ λ¬΄νμ λλ μ νμ μ°λ£λ‘ μΈκΈλκ³ μλ€. μ΄ μ€ μ‘νμμλ μλμ§ λ°λκ° λμ κ΅μ νν΄μ μ ν©νκ³ , κΈ°μ κ°λ°μ ν΅ν΄ λ΄μ°κΈ°κ΄μλ νμ©λ μ μμ΄ μ μ¬λ ₯μ΄ ν¬λ€λ νκ°λ₯Ό λ°κ³ μλ€.
λ³Έ λ
Όλ¬Έμ νμ½ μ΄νμ μν μ¨μ€κ°μ€ μ κ° λμ±
μΌλ‘μ¨μ μμμ°λ£μ λ° λμ
μ μν λ²μ λ κ°μ λ°©μμ κ΄ν μ°κ΅¬μ΄λ€. μμμ νΉμ±κ³Ό μνμ±μ κ³ λ €νμ¬ νμμ μΌλ‘ μ μ©λμ΄μΌ νλ μμ κ·μ κ°μ μΈ‘λ©΄κ³Ό μλ‘μ΄ νΉμ± λλ μλ‘μ΄ ννμ μ λ°μ 건쑰νκΈ° μν μ λμ κ°μ λ°©μ μΈ‘λ©΄, 2κ°μ§ λ°©ν₯μΌλ‘ ꡬλΆνμ¬ μ°κ΅¬νμλ€.
첫째, μμλ₯Ό μ λ°μ μ°λ£λ‘ μ¬μ©νκΈ° μν΄μλ μμ κ·μ μ λ§λ ¨νλ κ²μ΄ νμμ΄μ§λ§, γμ λ°μμ λ²γμ μ μ©ν μ μλ κ·μ μ λ§λ ¨λμ΄ μμ§ μλ€. μμμ°λ£μ λ°μ μ μ©ν μ μλ μμ κ·μ μ ν΄μΈμμλ μ°ΎκΈ° μ΄λ ΅μ§λ§, μΌλ°μ μΈ μμμ νΉμ±κ³Ό μνμ±μ κ³ λ €νμ¬ κΌ μ μ©νμ¬μΌ ν μμ μμ κ·μ λ μ‘΄μ¬νλ€. μ¦, μμμ°λ£λ₯Ό μ λ°μ λμ
ν λμ μμ κ·μ μ IMOμ κ΅μ κ·μ κ³Ό μμμ°λ£μ λ°μ μ μ©ν μ μλ κ΅μ νμ€, μ‘μμ°μ
μ μμκ΄λ ¨ μμ κ·μ μ μ’
ν©μ μΌλ‘ κ²ν νμ¬ λ§λ ¨ν μ μμΌλ―λ‘ μμμ κ΄λ ¨λ ν΄μΈ κ°κ΅μ μ μ±
λ° λ²μ λ μ¬λ‘μ μμμ κ΄λ ¨λ κ΅μ μ μΈ μμ κ·μ μ λνμ¬ μ‘°μ¬νμλ€. μ΄λ¬ν κ·μ μ μ λ°μμ λ²μ κ΄λ ¨ νμ κ³ μμμ λ€λ£¨μ΄μ ΈμΌ νλ©°, μ λ°μ νΉμ±μ λ°λΌ κ°λ³μ μΌλ‘ μ μ©λμ΄μΌ ν μμ κ·μ μ μλ³νμ¬ μνλ κΈ°λ°μ νκ°λ₯Ό ν΅νμ¬ μΆκ° μ μ©ν μ μλ λ°©μμ΄ λ§λ ¨λμ΄μΌ νλ€. μ΄μ γμ λ°μμ λ²γμ γμ μΈνμ μ°λ£ μΆμ§μ λ°κΈ°μ€γμ κ°μ μμ μ μνμλ€.
λμ§Έ, μμμ°λ£μ λ°κ³Ό κ°μ΄ μ κΈ°μ μ΄ μ μ©λ μμμ°λ£μ λ°μ 건쑰νκΈ° μν΄μλγμ λ°μμ λ²γλ²μ λ΄μμ κ·μ μ μ΄μ©νλ λ°©λ²κ³Ό βμ€μ¦μ μν νΉλ‘ μ λβλ₯Ό μ΄μ©νλ λ°©λ²μ΄ μλ€.
λ¨Όμ , γμ λ°μμ λ²γλ²μ λ΄μ κ·μ μΌλ‘μ¨, μλ‘μ΄ νΉμ± λλ μλ‘μ΄ ννμ μ λ°μ κ°λ°ν λͺ©μ μΌλ‘ 건쑰λ μ λ°μ νν΄μ μΌμμ μΌλ‘ μ¬μ©νκΈ° μνμ¬γμ λ°μμ λ²γμ 3μ‘° μ 3ν μ 3νΈμ λ°λΌ μ΄ λ²μ μ 체 λλ μΌλΆλ μ΄ λ²μ μ 체 λλ μΌλΆλ₯Ό 건쑰ν μ μλ€. μ΄ λ°©λ²μ μ°κ΅¬ κ°λ°μ λͺ©μ μΌλ‘ μΌνμ±μ κ·ΈμΉλ€λ νκ³κ° μμΌλ©°, μ°κ΅¬ κ°λ°μ λͺ©μ μ΄νμλ λ³λμ μ μ°¨κ° νν΄μ ΈμΌ νλ€λ λ¨μ μ΄ μλ€. λ€μμΌλ‘, μ λ°μμ λ² μ 26μ‘°μ λ°λ₯Έ μ λ°μ μ€λΉμ κ΄ν κ·μ μ΄ λͺ
ννκ² μλ κ²½μ°, μλ‘μ΄ ννμ μ λ°μ€λΉμ λν μ μ κΈ°μ€μ λ§λ ¨νμ¬ μ μ©νλ λ°©λ²μ΄λ€. μ¦, κΈ°μ‘΄μ μ λ°κ²μ¬κ·μ μ μ μ©νκΈ° μ΄λ €μ΄ κ²½μ° γμλ‘μ΄ νμμ μ λ°μμ€μ λν μ μ κΈ°μ€ λ§λ ¨μ κ΄ν κ·μ γμ λ°λΌ λΆμΌλ³ κΈ°μ μλ¬Έλ¨μ ꡬμ±νμ¬ μ μ κΈ°μ€μ λ§λ ¨νκ³ , μ΄λ₯Ό κ²μ¬κΈ°κ΄μ μ 곡νμ¬ κ²μ¬λ₯Ό μννλ λ°©μμ΄λ€. μ΄ν μΌλ°μ 곡κ°νμ¬ κΈ°μ μ κ°λ°νκ³ μλ λ€λ₯Έ κΈ°μ
λ νμ©ν μ μλλ‘ νκ³ , κ²μ¦μ ν΅νμ¬ νμ κ·μΉ ννλ‘ μ
λ²νλ κ²μ΄ λͺ©μ μ΄λ€.
γκ·μ μμ νΉκ΅¬ λ° μ§μνΉνλ°μ νΉκ΅¬μ κ΄ν κ·μ νΉλ‘λ²γμ λ°λΌβμ€μ¦μ μν νΉλ‘ μ λβλ₯Ό ν΅ν μ°κ΅¬ κ°λ°κ³Ό μ°κ³λ μ€μ¦μ¬μ
μΌλ‘ μμμ°λ‘μ λ°μ 건쑰λ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§κ³ μλ€. μ΄ λ²μ λλ 4μ°¨ μ°μ
λ° νν
ν¬μ κ°μ μ κΈ°μ μ΄ μ λͺ©λ μ°μ
μ ν΅ν΄ νμ±νλ κ·μ μλλ°μ€ μ λ μ€ νλλ‘μ¨, μ΅κ·Ό κ΅λ΄μμλ μ κΈ°μ μ΄ λμ
λ μ μ νμ΄λ μλΉμ€λ₯Ό μ ν μμ΄ μννν μ μλλ‘ κΈ°μ‘΄ κ·μ λ₯Ό λ©΄μ λλ μ μνλ μ λλΌ ν μ μλ€. μ λΆλ μ°μ
μ΅ν©, νν
ν¬, ICT, μ§μνμ μ±μ₯ λ± 4κ° λΆμΌλ₯Ό μ€μ¬μΌλ‘ μ€νΒ·μ¦λͺ
Β·μΆμκ° κ°λ₯νλλ‘ κ΄λ ¨ λ²λ Ήμ μ μνκ² μ κ²νκ³ κ΄λ ¨ λ²λ Ήμ μνν μ μλ μ¬κ±΄μ λ§λ ¨ν κ²μΌλ‘, μ΄ μ λλ₯Ό μ΄μ©νμ¬ μμμ°λ£μ μ§μ λ° μ€μ¦μ¬μ
μ΄ μ§νλ λ° μλ€. λ€λ§, μ€λν μμμ°λ£μ λ°κ³Ό κ°μ κΈ°μ μ§μ½μ μΈ λΆμΌμ κ·μ μνμ λ°©λ²μΌλ‘λ§ μ§ννλ κ²μ νκ³κ° μμ κ²μΌλ‘ νλ¨λλ©°, μμμ°λ£μ λ°μ μνν μ€μ¦κ³Ό μ€κ³ λ° κ²μ¬λ₯Ό μν μμ κ·μ μ λ§λ ¨νκΈ° μνμ¬ μΆκ°μ μΌλ‘ νμν μ‘°μΉλ₯Ό κ³ λ €νμ¬ γκ·μ μμ νΉκ΅¬ λ° μ§μνΉνλ°μ νΉκ΅¬μ κ΄ν κ·μ νΉλ‘λ²γκ³Ό γμ λ°μμ λ²γμ κ°μ μμ μ μνμλ€.The goal of this study is to suggest amendments for legislative Improvement through the review of existing legislative systems and safety regulations that could be applied for the introduction of ships that use hydrogen as a carbon-free fuel to reduce greenhouse gas emissions(GHG).
Global warming is mentioned as the most serious global environmental problem caused by the rapid increase in the use of fuels, such as coal, oil and other fuels based on fossil, which results in increased GHG to the atmosphere. Therefore, the United Nations(UN) has tried to develop international agreement to restrict artificial GHG and has concluded the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto protocol. These conventions are regulating obligations based upon Common but Differentiated Responsibilities.
Meanwhile, the principle ofβno more favorable treatmentβ, which is found in International Maritime Organization(IMO) Conventions, is that ships must not be placed at a disadvantage because their country has ratified a new Convention. The 73th Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 74) approved the Fourth IMO GHG Study 2020 containing an overview of GHG emissions from shipping 2012-2018 and developments in carbon intensity and emission projections towards 2050. According to technical measures mainly applied to new ships and operational measures required for existing ships, it refers to measures to reduce GHG that reduce fuel used by sailing economically through speed management such as slow-down operation and route optimization. Under which ships of all countries, irrespective of ratification, will be subject to inspection in any country that has ratified a new Convention, and to possible detention if they do not meet the minimum standards of the new Convention. In order for the shipping sector to succeed in decarbonization, fundamental changes will be needed to zero carbon energy sources.
For eco-friendly fuel options, there is a need to consider issues such as safety, regulation, pricing, infrastructural availability, lifecycle emissions, supply chain constraints, barriers to adoption and more. Presentations from the IMO symposium on alternative fuels for shipping. Bio-fuels, hydrogen, and ammonia are typically mentioned as zero-carbon fuels in the marine field. Among them, hydrogen has high energy density, making it suitable for international voyages, and it is judged to have high potential as it can be used for internal combustion engines.
This study is on legislative improvement for introduction of hydrogen-fuelled ships as a measure to reduce greenhouse gas to implement of Convention. In order to use hydrogen as fuel, safety regulations are essential. Therefore, the legal status of hydrogen-fuelled ships under the Ship Safety Act, hydrogen-related regulations and standards in the onshore industry were reviewed. These safety regulations should be dealt with in the relevantβNoticeβof the Ship Safety Act and measures to be additionally applied through risk-based evaluation by identifying safety regulations to be applied individually according to the characteristics of the ship should be prepared. Accordingly, an amendment to the γNotice for the Ships Using Low-flashpoint Fuelsγ of the γShip Safety Actγ was suggested.
To build a ship with new technology applied, two method are available within the scope of the Ship Safety Act. First, the ships built for the purposes of developing a ship with new characteristics or in new form is intended for temporary use in navigation can be built the whole or part of this Act shall not apply to or may be applied with relaxation in accordance with Article 3-3 (3) of the Ship Safety Act. Second, it is a way to apply Established Rule on provision of interim standards for new types of ship facilities. In the interim standards, when it is difficult to apply the existing ship survey regulations according to Article 26 of the Ship Safety Act, a technical advisory group for each field is formed to prepare provisional standards, and then should provide them for survey. It is a regulation that allows latecomers to utilize it by making it publicly available in the form of an announcement.
In addition, the purpose of this study is to analyze the System of Regulatory Exceptions for Demonstration that are being implemented to prepare regulations and construction for hydrogen-fuelled ships. A Korean regulatory sandbox system that exempts or suspends existing regulations had been applied so that new products or services introduced new technologies can be commercialized without restrictions. Accordingly, the government reorganized the relevant statutes to quickly check regulations and established certain conditions to implement relevant laws to enable experimentation, proof, and launch, mainly in four areas such as industrial convergence, fintech, ICT and regional innovation growth. These laws can also be applied to the construction of hydrogen-fuelled ships. However, it is judged that there is a limit to proceeding only as a method of deregulation in technology-intensive fields such as medium and large-sized hydrogen fuelled ships. So amendments are required to carry out for smooth demonstration of hydrogen-fuelled ships to the γAct On Special Cases Concerning The Regulation Of Regulation-free Special Zones And Special Economic Zones For Specialized Regional DevelopmentγandγShip Safety Actγ.μ 1μ₯ μλ‘ 1
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The Baum Test Characteristics According to Self-esteem Levels of Elementary School Students
Psychological Factors and Insurance related Behavior - Focusing on Optimism Bias and Regret Aversion -
Phenomenological Research on the Characteristics of Ethical Consumerβs Happiness in Consumption
Analysis of the differences between Korea and the U.S. in the effect of cultural dimensions on ethical consumption motives
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