29 research outputs found
κ²½μμ±κ³Όμ μμ°κ·λͺ¨λ₯Ό μ€μ¬μΌλ‘
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬) -- μμΈλνκ΅λνμ : νμ λνμ 곡기μ
μ μ±
νκ³Ό, 2021.8. λ°μμΈ.Public anxiety is growing due to the polarization of the economy, safety, and environmental pollution driven by an economic value-driven growth strategy.
As a result, interest and discussion on social values are increasing.
Moon Jae-in government is continually emphasizing in implementing the social value of public sector. In particular, the government reorganized the management evaluation system of public institutions to harmonize the efficiency and public nature of public institutions from 2018. As such, the importance of realizing social values in the public sector is growing. However, research on the relationship between public institutions' social values and financial conditions remains scarce. Both the good management theory and the slack resources theory were conducted in the study of private companies. However, for public institutions, it has only been carried out in terms of good management theory.
In this study, it was intended to analyze the management performance and asset size of public institutions and their relationship to social valuation in terms of slack resources theory for public enterprises and quasi-governmental institutions. In addition, the impact of changes in the management evaluation system on social value assessment was analyzed.
The results of the analysis are as follows.First, the past management performance of public institutions has not been shown to have a significant impact on the current social value assessment of public institutions. The results were different from previous studies of private companies. A public institution is a mixed organization that has both 'publicity' and 'corporacy'. It was confirmed that the increase in profits does not directly affect the creation of social value.
Second, the larger the total assets of public institutions, the more advantageous the social value assessment. The larger the total assets, the more people and funds they can have in more industries, so they can pursue social value activities based on this, which is thought to be more competitive than public institutions that do not.
Finally, public institutions with larger assets responded effectively to the reorganization of management evaluation. In the case of public institutions with large total assets, the social value evaluation score was higher than those that did not. The reason is that due to the large number of resources such as manpower and budget, it was able to respond more quickly to the change in management evaluation reform.
As revealed in this study, public institutions must pursue both public and corporate nature in order to satisfy the public and gain trust from stakeholders.
Public institutions should be aware of social value activities as the most effective way to increase publicness. The government should improve the fairness of management evaluation and further focus public institutions on realizing social value by preparing ways to objectively and accurately measure the level of social value activities.κ²½μ μ κ°μΉ μ€μ¬μ μ±μ₯ μ λ΅μ μν κ²½μ μ μκ·Ήνμ κ³ μ©λΆμ, λλΆμ΄ μμ , νκ²½μ€μΌ λ±μΌλ‘ κ΅λ―Όλ€μ λΆμκ°μ΄ 컀μ§κ³ μλ€. μ΄μ λ°λΌ 곡곡μ μ΄μ΅κ³Ό λλΆμ΄ 곡λ체μ λ°μ μ κΈ°μ¬νλ κ°μΉλ‘μ, μ¬νμ κ°μΉμ λν κ΄μ¬κ³Ό λ
Όμκ° μ¦κ°νκ³ μλ€. λ¬Έμ¬μΈ μ λΆλ μ§μμ μΌλ‘ 곡곡λΆλ¬Έμ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ μ€νμ κ°μ‘°νκ³ μμΌλ©°, νΉν 2018λ
λΆν° 곡곡기κ΄μ ν¨μ¨μ±κ³Ό 곡곡μ±μ μ‘°νμν€κΈ° μν΄ κ³΅κ³΅κΈ°κ΄ κ²½μνκ° μ λλ₯Ό μ λ©΄ κ°νΈνμλ€. μ΄μ κ°μ΄ 곡곡λΆλ¬Έμ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ μ€νμ λν μ€μμ±μ΄ μ μ 컀μ§κ³ μμΌλ, 곡곡기κ΄μ μ¬νμ κ°μΉμ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ μμΈμ λν μ°κ΅¬λ μ¬μ ν λΆμ‘±ν μ€μ μ΄λ€. νΉν λ―Όκ°κΈ°μ
λμμ μ°κ΅¬μμλ μ¬νμ μ±
μ νλμ΄ κΈ°μ
μ μ¬λ¬΄μ μ±κ³Όμ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ€λ μ μκ²½μ(good management) κ΄μ κ³Ό κΈ°μ
μ±κ³Όκ° μ’μ κΈ°μ
μ΄ μ¬νμ μ±
μ νλμ μ κ·Ήμ μΌλ‘ μννλ€λ μ¬μ μμ(slack resources) κ΄μ λͺ¨λ μ§νλ λ°λ©΄, 곡곡기κ΄μ μ μκ²½μ κ΄μ μ μ§μ€λμλ€.
μ΄μ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ 곡기μ
λ° μ€μ λΆκΈ°κ΄μ λμμΌλ‘ 곡곡기κ΄μ κ²½μμ±κ³Όμ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°μμ κ΄κ³μ λν΄ μ¬μ μμ κ΄μ μμ λΆμνκ³ μ νμλ€. λΏλ§ μλλΌ κ³΅κ³΅κΈ°κ΄μ μμ°κ·λͺ¨κ° μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°μ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ λΆμνμλ€.
μ°κ΅¬λͺ¨νμ 곡곡기κ΄μ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°μ λ―ΈμΉλ μμΈμΌλ‘ μ΄μμ°μμ΄μ΅λ₯ (ROA)κ³Ό μ΄μμ° κ·λͺ¨λ₯Ό λμ©λ³μλ‘ μ¬μ©νκ³ , μ’
μλ³μμΈ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°λ κ²½μνκ°μ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ μ§ν λμ μ νμ©νμ¬ μ€μ¦μ μΌλ‘ λΆμνμλ€. μΆκ°μ μΌλ‘ νκ°μ²΄κ³ κ°νΈμ λν μν₯μ νμΈνκΈ° μν΄ κ°νΈ μ ο½₯ν κ° 2λ
κ°μ λ°μ΄ν°λ₯Ό νμ©νμλ€. μΆκ°μ μΌλ‘ κ²½μνκ° κ°νΈ, λΆμ± λΉμ¨, κΈ°κ΄ μ μ, κΈ°κ΄ μ νμ ν΅μ λ³μλ‘ μ μ©νμ¬ λΆμμ νμ νμ₯νμλ€.
λΆμκ²°κ³Ό 첫째, 곡곡기κ΄μ κ³Όκ±°μ κ²½μμ±κ³Όλ νμ¬ κ³΅κ³΅κΈ°κ΄ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°μ μ μλ―Έν μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉμ§ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ λ―Όκ°κΈ°μ
μ λμμΌλ‘ ν μ νμ°κ΅¬μ λ€λ₯Έ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ»μλ€. 곡곡기κ΄μ 곡μ΅μ μΆκ΅¬νλ β곡곡μ±βκ³Ό μ΄μ€ κ·Ήλνλ₯Ό μΆκ΅¬νλ βκΈ°μ
μ±βμ λμμ κ°μ§ νΌν© μ‘°μ§μΌλ‘μ μμ΅ μ°½μΆμ΄λΌλ κΈ°μ
μ± μΈ‘λ©΄μ μ±μ₯μ΄ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ μ°½μΆμ΄λΌλ 곡곡μ±κΉμ§ μ§μ μ μΌλ‘ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉμ§ μλλ€λ κ²μ νμΈν μ μμλ€.
λμ§Έ, μ΄μμ° κ·λͺ¨κ° ν° κ³΅κ³΅κΈ°κ΄μΌμλ‘ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°μμ μ 리νμλ€. μ΄μμ° κ·λͺ¨κ° ν΄μλ‘ λ³΄λ€ λ§μ μ
μμμ μΈλ ₯κ³Ό μκΈμ 보μ ν μ μκΈ° λλ¬Έμ, μ΄λ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νλμ μΆμ§ν μ μκ² λμ΄ κ·Έλ μ§ μμ 곡곡기κ΄λ³΄λ€ λ λμ κ²½μλ ₯μ κ°μ§ κ²μΌλ‘ μκ°λλ€.
λ§μ§λ§μΌλ‘ κ²½μνκ° κ°νΈμ΄ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλμ§ λΆμνκ³ μ ν λͺ¨νμμλ λΆ(-)μ μ μλ―Έν μν₯μ νμΈν μ μμλ€. λ€λ§, μ΄μμ° κ·λͺ¨κ° ν° κ³΅κ³΅κΈ°κ΄μ κ²½μ° κ·Έλ μ§ μμ κΈ°κ΄μ λΉν΄ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ° μ μκ° λμμΌλ©°, κ·Έ μ΄μ λ μΈλ ₯, μμ° λ±μ μμμ΄ λ§μ κ²½μνκ° κ°νΈμ΄λΌλ λ³νμ λν΄ μ’ λ μ μνκ² λμν μ μμκΈ° λλ¬Έμ΄λ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ λ°νμ§ λ°μ κ°μ΄ 곡곡기κ΄μ κ΅λ―Όμ λ§μ‘±μν€κ³ μ΄ν΄κ΄κ³μλ‘λΆν° μ λ’°λ₯Ό λ°κΈ° μν΄μλ 곡곡μ±κ³Ό κΈ°μ
μ±μ λμμ μΆκ΅¬ν΄μΌ νλ©°, 곡곡μ±μ λμ΄λ κ°μ₯ ν¨μ¨μ μΈ λ°©νΈμΌλ‘μ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νλμ μΈμν΄μΌ ν κ²μ΄λ€. μ λΆλ νμ¬ λΉκ³λ μ§ν μ€μ¬μ κ²½μνκ° μ²΄κ³λ₯Ό μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νλ μμ€μ κ°κ΄μ μ΄κ³ μ ννκ² μΈ‘μ ν μ μλ λ°©μμ λ§λ ¨νλ λ± κ²½μνκ°μ 곡μ μ±μ λμ΄κ³ 곡곡기κ΄μ΄ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ μ€νμ μ§μ€ν μ μλλ‘ λμ± κ²½μ£Όν΄μΌ ν κ²μ΄λ€.μ 1 μ₯ μ λ‘ 1
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬μ νμμ± λ° λͺ©μ 1
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ λμκ³Ό κ΅¬μ± 3
μ 2 μ₯ μ΄λ‘ μ λ
Όμ λ° μ νμ°κ΅¬ κ²ν 6
μ 1 μ μ¬νμ κ°μΉμ λν λ
Όμ 6
1. μ¬νμ κ°μΉμ μ μ 6
2. μ¬νμ κ°μΉμ μ μ¬κ°λ
λ° μ°¨λ³μ± 9
3. 곡곡기κ΄μ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ 14
μ 2 μ κ³΅κ³΅κΈ°κ΄ κ²½μνκ°μ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ 17
μ 3 μ κΈ°μ
μ μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νλκ³Ό μ¬λ¬΄μ¬κ±΄κ³Όμ κ΄κ³ 20
1. λ―Όκ°κΈ°μ
μ μ¬νμ μ±
μ νλκ³Ό κ²½μμ±κ³Ό 21
2. 곡곡기κ΄μ μ¬νμ μ±
μ νλκ³Ό κ²½μμ±κ³Ό 24
3. μ νμ°κ΅¬μμ μ°¨λ³μ± 26
μ 3 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬μ€κ³ 28
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬λͺ¨ν 28
μ 2 μ λ³μμ μ μ λ° μλ£μμ§ λ°©λ² 29
1. λ
립λ³μ 29
2. μ’
μλ³μ 31
3. ν΅μ λ³μ 35
4. λ³μμ μμ½ 36
μ 3 μ μ°κ΅¬κ°μ€ λ° λΆμλͺ¨ν 37
1. 곡곡기κ΄μ κ²½μμ±κ³Όκ° μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°μ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯ 38
2. 곡곡기κ΄μ μμ°κ·λͺ¨κ° μ¬νμ κ°μΉ νκ°μ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯ 38
μ 4 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬κ²°κ³Ό 40
μ 1 μ κΈ°μ ν΅κ³ λΆμ 40
1. λ
립λ³μ 40
2. μ’
μλ³μ 41
3. ν΅μ λ³μ 42
μ 2 μ λ€μ€νκ·λΆμ 43
1. λ€μ€κ³΅μ μ± μ§λ¨ 43
2. λ€μ€νκ·λΆμ κ²°κ³Ό 46
μ 3 μ κ°μ€κ²μ μ κ²°κ³Όμ ν΄μ 50
μ 5 μ₯ κ²° λ‘ 53
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬κ²°κ³Όμ μμ½ 53
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ μμ¬μ λ° μ μ±
μ ν¨μ 54
μ 3 μ μ°κ΅¬μ νκ³ λ° ν₯ν μ°κ΅¬κ³Όμ 57
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 59
Abstract 65
λΆλ‘ 68μ
νκ΅ν MaaS λΉμ¦λμ€ λͺ¨λΈ μ μ : μλΉμ€ μ²μ¬μ§κ³Ό νλ₯΄μλ κΈ°λ²μ μ€μ¬μΌλ‘
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ κ΅λ΄ λμ
μ λͺ©μ μΌλ‘ ν νκ΅ν MaaS λΉμ¦λμ€ λͺ¨λΈμ μ μνκ³ μλ€. νλμ ν
λ«νΌμΌλ‘ κ΅ν΅μλ¨μ μ΄μ©ν μ μλ MaaS(Mobility as a Service)λ κ°μΈμκ² λ§μΆ€ν μλΉμ€
μ κ³΅μ΄ κ°λ₯νλ©°, μ΄λμ νΈμμ±κ³Ό μ§μ κ°λ₯ν μλΉμ€λΌλ μ μμ μ΅κ·Ό κΈκ²©νκ² λ§μ κ΄μ¬μ λ°
κ³ μλ€. κ΅λ΄μμλ λ€μ κΈ°μ
μ΄ MaaS μμ€ν
μ κ΄μ¬μ κ°μ§κ³ μμ€ν
λμ
μ μν μ°κ΅¬κ° νλ°
νκ² μ§νλκ³ μλ€. μ΄μ, κ΅λ΄ κ΅ν΅νκ²½μ μ΅μ νλ MaaS μμ€ν
λμ
μ λͺ©νλ‘ ν΄μΈμμ μ 곡
μ€μΈ MaaS μμ€ν
μ μ¬λ‘λ₯Ό μ΄ν΄λ³΄κ³ , 곡μ νλ«νΌμ μ΅ν©μ ν΅ν΄ κ²½μλ ₯ μλ λΉμ¦λμ€ λͺ¨λΈμΈ
νκ΅ν MaaS λΉμ¦λμ€ λͺ¨λΈμ μ€κ³νμλ€. λΉμ¦λμ€ λͺ¨λΈ μ€κ³λ₯Ό μν΄ μλΉμ€ μ²μ¬μ§μ μ μν
ν, κ³ κ°μ κ΄μ μμ μλΉμ€λ₯Ό κ°μ νκΈ° μν΄ νλ₯΄μλ κΈ°λ²μ μ΄μ©νμ¬ κ³ κ° κ²½λ‘ μ§λμ κ°μ μ§λ
λ₯Ό λμΆνμλ€. μ΄λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μλΉμ€ μ²μ¬μ§μ λν 9κ°μ§ Fail Pointλ₯Ό λ°κ²¬νκ³ , Key Performance
Indicatorλ₯Ό μ±ννμ¬ κ°μ λ°©μμ μ μν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ λΉμ¦λμ€ λͺ¨λΈμ λμ± κ΅¬μ²΄ννμλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ
μ μ μν λΉμ¦λμ€ λͺ¨λΈμ μ±νν μλμ°¨ μ μ‘°μ¬λ μ±λ³, μ§μ, λμ΄ λ±μ λ°λ₯Έ λ€μν μ°¨μ’
μ νΈ
μ λν λ°μ΄ν°λ₯Ό μ»μ μ μμΌλ©°, μλΉμ€ μ΄μ© κ³ κ° μ¦κ°μ λ°λΌ μμ₯ μ μ μ¨μ λμ¬ μΆν λ λ§
μ κ³ κ°μ μ μΉν μ μλ€λ μμ¬μ μ΄ μλ€
The Problems of Russian Constructivism and Social Revolution: An Experiment for the New Life and New Man
λ¬μμ ꡬμΆμ£Όμλ ννμ μ‘°κ°, 건μΆ, λλ λ¬Ένμ μ΄λ₯΄κΈ°κΉμ§ νλμ μ€ννΈλΌ μμμ μ§νλ μμ μ΄λμΌλ‘ μλ €μ Έ μλ€. νμ§λ§ ννλ¦°μ΄λ λ‘λμ²Έμ½, κΈ΄μ¦λΆλ₯΄κ·Έ λ±μ΄ μ€μ€λ‘λ₯Ό μΌμ’
μ μ¬ννμμ΄μ νλͺ
κ°, μ μΉκ°μ΄μ κΈ°μ μλ‘ κ·μ νκ³ μμ
νλ μ μ κ³ λ €νλ€λ©΄, ꡬμΆμ£Όμλ₯Ό λ¨μ§ λ¬Ένμ μλ°©κ°λ₯΄λμ μμ μ€νμ κ΅νμν¬ μλ μλ€. κ·Έλ€μ 건μΆλ¬Όμ μ¬νμ μλ―Έλ₯Ό λΆμ¬νλ € νκ³ , 건μΆμ νμμ λμ€λ€μκ² (무)μμμ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°©μ¬ν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ μλ‘μ΄ μ¬νμ ꡬμΆμ κΈ°μ¬ν΄μΌ νλ€κ³ μ£Όμ₯νλ€. νΉν μ΄λ€μ΄ μΆκ΅¬νλ κΈ°λ₯μ£Όμμ ꡬ쑰λ μν곡κ°μ λμμΈκ³Ό ꡬμ±μ ν΅ν΄ λμ€λ€μ μ 체μ νλͺ
μ κ°μΈμν€κ³ 무μμμ μΌλ‘ 체λνκ² λ§λλ κ°μμ±μ νλ ¨μ λ
Έμ νκ³ μμλ€. κ·Έκ²μ 건μΆκ³Ό μΆμ ν΅ν©νμ¬ μμ°μ€λ½κ² νλͺ
μ 체λνλ κΈΈμ΄μκ³ , μ΄λ‘μ¨ κ±΄μΆμ μΌμ’
μ νλͺ
μ νκ΅, μ¦ μ¬νμ μμΆκΈ°λ‘ λΆκ°λ μ μμλ€. ꡬμΆμ£Όμμλ€μκ² νλͺ
μ 무μμμ 건μΆμ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μκ²°λλ κ²μ΄λ€. μ΄ κΈ°νμ 1930λ
λλ₯Ό μ νν΄ μ¬νκ° μ€νλ¦°μ£Όμλ‘ κ²½λλλ©΄μ ν΄λ½μ κΈΈμ κ±·κ² λλ€. 체μ μ μμ κ³Ό κ³΅κ³ νλ₯Ό μΆμ§νλ μ€νλ¦° μ¬νλ 무μμμ μ μ§μ νλ ¨λ³΄λ€λ μ¦κ°μ μ΄κ³ λ¨κΈ°μ μΌλ‘ μ±μ·¨λ μ μλ μμνλ₯Ό λ μ νΈνλ€. λ°λΌμ μλ°©κ°λ₯΄λμ μ€νμ λ μ΄μ 쑴립ν μ μκ² λμκ³ , 무μμμ ν΅ν κ°μ±κ³Ό μ 체μ λ³νμ ꡬμΆμ£Όμμ κΈ°νμ ν¬κΈ°λμ§ μμ μ μμλ€.
This article is dedicated to the history of the Russian constructivism as a social revolution. The Russian Constructivism has been generally known as a cultural movement, or an art tendency which spreaded broadly in the period of Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. This may be true, because a large number of the people who worked as Futurists or Avant-Garde in 1910s were poets, painters, sculptors, musicians, and architects. However, I insist that they were not only artists in many cultural areas, but also practical activists in socio-political areas in very strong ways. The ideas of their artistic vision were based on the social revolution which could be fulfilled with the special way of cultural practice, different from the traditional revolutionary ways. Especially, the experiments of some constructivists were worthy of notice, because the architectural constructivists, for example V. Tatlin, A. Rodchenko, or M. Ginzburg and so on, attempted to change the peoples (un)conscious base with practical architectural experiments. As Leon Trotsky thought, a society could be fundamentally changed only by changing their customs and habits. So Ginsburg would like to call his work as social condensator for the authentic social revolution. This is why we have to investigate the Russian Constructivism as a social revolutionary movement
Bakhtin, Kant and Neo-Kantianism βOn the Context of the Early Bakhtinian Thought in the Intellectual History
It is well known that early Bakhtinian thought was deeply influenced by Kant,
especially Neo-Kantianism which prevailed in the beginning of 20-th century in
Europe. Bakhtin was all aware of Neo-Kantianists philosophy through Matvei
Kagan, a friend of Bakhtin circle who studied in Marburg. But it was Kant
that appeared as Bakhtins real rival in his genesis of thought, because Bakhtins
Philosophy of act and other early essays actually oriented to the ethical
problematics of Kant. I think this kind of research belongs to the study of the
intellectual history. This article aims to show the intellectual contexts between
early Baktin and Kant, Neo-Kantianism. I tried to inquire the unspoken context
of Bakhtins first essay Art and Answerability in which Bakhtin declared the
unity between Life and Ethics in Modern world. In this regard, Bakhtin is
thoroughly counted as an epigonen of the Kantian philosophical problematics,
because Kant was the very man who justified the division of the Modern
cultural areas. The later development of Bakhtinian thought was characterized as
a kind of answer to the Kants problems, including the period of the
Philosophical Aesthetics in 1920-s. In result, Individuality(Lichnost) and
Answerability were the key concepts in this phase of young Bakhtin
The Political Dynamics between Culture and Anti-Culture: A Politics of the Minority and the Becoming in Bakhtinian Thought
λ°νμΉ λ¬Ένμ΄λ‘ μ ν΅μ¬μ λ€μλ‘ μμ μΌμλ‘ , νΉμ μΌμλ‘ μμ λ€μλ‘ μ μλ€. μνΈνμλμ§ μλ κ³ μ ν νμμΌλ‘μ λ¬Ένμ νννμλ€μ λ¨ νλμ μ μΌν νμ΄ μμ΄ν λ°©μμΌλ‘ μ§μΉλλ μ΄λ¦λ€μ΄λ€. μ λ§λ€μ κ³ μ μ±μ μμ€νμ§ μλ λ€μν ννμ νμλ€μ΄ μ‘΄μ¬νλ€λ μ¬μ€κ³Ό λλΆμ΄, κ·Έ νμλ€μ΄ λ°μνκ³ μ±μ₯νλ©° μ¬λ©Ένλλ‘ μΆλνλ, 그리νμ¬ λ§μΉ¨λ΄ μλ‘κ² μμ±νλλ‘ μΆλνλ μ‘΄μ¬μ ν΅μΌμ±μ΄ μ κ΄ν΅νλ μ¬μ μ μ€ν΅μ΄λΌ ν μ μλ€. λ€λ’°μ¦μ κ°ν리, λ€κ·Έλ¦¬μ ννΈμ λ
Όμλ₯Ό λΉμ΄, μ°λ¦¬λ λ°νμΉμ λ¬Ένλ‘ μ΄ μμ±μ μ‘΄μ¬λ‘ μ μ΄μ΄μ Έ μμμ μ΄ν΄λ³Ό κ²μ΄λ€. λ¬Ένλ₯Ό ꡬμΆνλ μ€μ¬μ μΈ ν μ체λ λ°(ε)λ¬ΈνλΌ μ§μΉλλ λΉκ³΅μμ μ°¨μμ μλ€. 곡μμ λ¬Ένμ νμμ΄μ μΈλΆμΈ λΉκ³΅μ λ¬Ένλ κΈ°μ±μ λ¬Ένμ μ λμ μμ, ννλ€μ ν΄μ²΄λ₯Ό μ΄μ§νλ λμμ λ λ€λ₯Έ λ¬Ένκ° νμν μ μλλ‘ μ΄λ°νλ μμ±μ κ·Όμμ ν΄λΉλλ€. λ―Όμ€μ λ¬Έν, μμμ λ¬Έν, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ·Έλ‘ν
μ€ν¬ 리μΌλ¦¬μ¦μ μ΄λ¬ν λ°λ¬Ένμ μμ±μ κ°λ¦¬ν€λ μΈνλ€λ‘μ, λ°νμΉ λ¬Ένμ΄λ‘ μ κΆκ·Ήμ μΈ μμ§λ λ°λ¬Ένμ μλμ μν΄ λ¬Ένμ νμ±μ΄ 견μΈλλ€λ μ¬μ€μ μλ€. μ΄λ λ°λ¬Ένλ₯Ό μΆλνλ νκ΄΄μ μΈ νμ νμ°μ μΌλ‘ μμ±μ ꡬμΆμ νμ κ²°λΆλμ΄ μμμ μΈμν΄μΌ ν κ²μ΄λ€. κΈ°μ‘΄μ μ§λ°°μ λ¬ΈνκΆλ ₯, λ¬Ένμ μ§μΈ΅μ 무λλ¨λ € μλ‘μ΄ λ¬Ένμ νμμ μ°½μνλ κ³Όμ μ μ μΉμ κ³Όμ μ΄κ³ , μ΄λ₯Ό μ°λ¦¬λ μμμ±κ³Ό μμ±μ μ μΉνμ΄λΌ λͺ
λͺ
νκ³ μ νλ€. μ΄λ κ² νκΈ° λ°νμΉ μ¬μ μ λνλ λ¬Ένμ λ°λ¬Ένμ λλ ₯νμ μ μΉμ μ¬μ λ‘ μ νλλ€.
The purpose of this article is to search for the new possibilities of the political philosophy in the light of dynamics between culture and anti-culture in Bakhtinian thought. The main starting point is Bakhtins idea such as the deconstruction and/or the construction of culture, for he argues that there is a fundamental power, which establishes the ontological base for every existence. This idea is primarily expressed and developed in the Rabelais and His World. This paper is an attempt to evaluate it on the basis of modern radical politico-philosophical thoughts of G. Deleuze, F. Guattari, A. Negri among others. At the forefront of this research lies the problems of the power of becoming. The result is a fundamental connection between monism and pluralism. Considering both of these poles within the power of becoming, we can understand that they constitute different expressions of the same power (puissance). What will be revealed in this idea? If we accept the thesis β the power of becoming is the only power in reality, its the real, we see that the veiled core of a culture is the anti-cultural tendencies within it. Thus, the dynamics of (anti-)culture, in fact, is deployed in the socio-political dimension. Thats why the power of becoming-minority is an essential point not only in cultural studies, but also in the politics of culture
Acts and Events : Ethics and the Architectonics of Life in M. Bakhtins Thoughts
λ°νμΉ μ¬μ μ κΈ°μμλ λ¬Ένμ μΆμ λΆμ΄μ΄λ λ¬Έμ μμμ΄ λμ¬μλ€. λ¬Ένμ μΈκ³λ κ³μ°κ°λ₯μ±μ κΈ°λ°ν΄ μμΌλ©°, μ΄λ κ·Έ μΈκ³κ° κΈ°μ κ³Όνκ³Ό ν©λ¦¬μ±, 체κ³λ‘ λλ³λλ νλμ±μ κ°μμ μμμμ λ»νλ€. λ°λ©΄ μΆμ μΈκ³λ λ¬ΈνμΈκ³μ κ·Όμ μ λμΈ μ¬κ±΄κ³Ό μμ±μ μΈκ³λ‘μ λ
Όλ¦¬μ μΈμμΌλ‘ νμλμ§ μλ μμ κ·Όμμ μ μμ κ°λ¦¬ν¨λ€. κ·Έκ²μ κ³μ° κ°λ₯μ± λλ¨Έμ μμΌλ©° μΌνμ μ΄κ³ λ°λ³΅λΆκ°λ₯ν μ°¨μμ΄λΌ ν μ μλ€. λ°νμΉμκ² νλμ μκΈ°λ μ΄ λ μΈκ³κ° κ·Ήλ¨μ μΌλ‘ λΆλ¦¬λμ΄ μλ‘ λ§λμ§ λͺ»νλ λ°μ λ°μνκ³ , μ€λ¦¬νμ λ¬Έμ μ κΈ°λ μ΄λ¬ν μκΈ°λ₯Ό νκ°νκΈ° μν μ κ·Ήμ μΈ λͺ¨μμ΄μλ€. νμ§λ§ λ°νμΉμ λΆμ΄μ κ·Ήλ³΅μ΄ μ΄λ€ μ΄μμ μΈ μ΄λ
μ΄λ μμΉμ κ°μΈμκ² κ°μ νκ³ μ£Όμ
νλ λ°©μμΌλ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§λ¦¬λΌ μκ°μ§ μλλ€. μ°¨λΌλ¦¬ κ°μμ μ°¨μμμ 보νΈμ μ°¨μμΌλ‘ κ±°μ¬λ¬ μ¬λΌκ°λ λ°©μμΌλ‘λ§ μλ‘μ΄ μ€λ¦¬λ μ±λ¦½ν κ²μ΄λ€. μ¬κ±΄μ μ΄ λλ₯Ό λΉλ‘―ν μλ§μ νμλ€κ³Όμ μ μμ§λμ΄κ³ , μΈμ λ μλ‘μ΄ μ¬κ±΄λ€μ κ³μ΄μ νμμν¨λ€λ μ μμ μΆκ³Ό λ¬Έν μ¬μ΄μ (μ€λ¦¬μ ) κ°κ΅λ₯Ό λλ κ³Όμ μ΄λ€. μ°λ¦¬λ νμ μμ΄ μ¬κ±΄μ κ΄μ¬ν μ μκ³ , μ¬κ±΄ μμ΄ μ΄ μΈκ³μ ꡬμΆμ μ°Έμ¬ν μ μλ€. μ΄λ λ― 1920λ
λ μ²λ
λ°νμΉμ΄ μλ‘μ΄ μ€λ¦¬λ₯Ό μ μ΄νκΈ° μν΄ μ§λ ₯νλ κ²μ νμμ μ¬κ±΄μ μ΄λ»κ² μ¬μ ν κ²μΈκ°λ λ¬Έμ μ κ΄λ ¨λμ΄ μμλ€. κ·Έμ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄ μΆμ λΉμμ μ¬μ€μ΄λ κ·λ²μΌλ‘μ μ°λ¦¬ μμ μλ κ² μλλΌ κ΅¬μΆν΄μΌ ν κ³Όμ λ‘μ λμ Έμ Έ μκΈ°μ, νμμ μ² νκ³Ό μ¬κ±΄μ μ€λ¦¬λ κ·Έ κ³Όμ λ₯Ό ν΄κ²°νκΈ° μν μ€μ²μ νλμΌλ‘μ μ μλλ€. μ컨λ νμμ μ¬κ±΄μ μ€μ²μ ν΅ν΄ λ¬Ένμ μΆμ λ μΈκ³λ₯Ό μ’
ν©νλ κ²(건μΆν)μ΄ μ€λ¦¬μ΄λ©°, κ·Έλ‘μ¨ λΆμ΄μ΄λΌλ κ·Όλμ λ¬Έμ λ ν΄μλλ¦¬λΌ μ λ§νλ κ²μ΄λ€.There are some fundamental problems concerning the division of the Modern world between life and culture in young Bakhtinian thought. For him, culture is made up of the totality of the effective calculability, rationalized with science and technology, and spiritual and physical systems. The main characteristic of the cultural world is established in the unity which always arranges all the parts of culture hierarchically. In contrast to this, however, life lies beyond this calculability and is full of fragmentary, individual, unlinear acts and events. This uniqueness appears as a distinctive feature of a life. What is the relationship between culture and life? The former is visible and tangible, the latter is invisible, concealed beneath culture. According to Bakhtin, the only way to resolve the problem of this Modern division exists in creating a philosophy of the act, or an ethics of life. But this kind of philosophy is different from traditional morality because the Bakhtinian concept of acts and events begins with the individualized activities of everybody. In this sense, his ethics are neither a platonic Idea nor a Kantian categorical imperative, which force upon us the absolute norms of life. Bakhtin insists that we have to create our own ethical grammar with an answerability in events. That is why he calls the new ethics (a philosophy of the act) an Architectonics of Life