37 research outputs found
μΈμμ± λμμκ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ μ κ²½ν΄νμ±μ§νλ€μ μ’ ν©μ μΈ μ μ¬μ²΄ λΆμ μ°κ΅¬
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (λ°μ¬) -- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : μκ³Όλν μκ³Όνκ³Ό, 2020. 8. κΉμ’
μΌ.Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by repetitive traumatic brain injury (TBI). CTE is mainly found in atheletes who have a history of repetitive blows to the head while playing contact sports such as boxing, American football and professional wrestling. The symptoms of CTE begin years or even decades following exposure to repetitive blows to the head and include changes in thinking, mood, and behavior. The main symptoms of CTE are headaches, memory loss, aggression, depression and dementia. As with other neurodegenerative diseases, there is no specific treatment of CTE. The definitive diagnosis of CTE can only be dignosed from histology studies of brain tissue from those who are deceased. Moreover, the exact gene regulatory mechanisms of CTE are not fully elucidated until now. To better understand the molecular characteristics of CTE, we performed transcriptome sequencing analysis from the post-mortem human brain samples.
In the first part, we characterized common or unique transcriptome signatures of CTE, CTE/AD and AD. It is well known that CTE has common or unique neuropathological features with AD. The common neuropathological features of CTE and AD are deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau and presence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The distribution patterns of NFTs in CTE differs markedly from that in AD. Accordingly, the common or unique transcriptome signatures of CTE, CTE/AD and AD were illustrated by RNA sequencing analysis of post-mortem human brain samples. Interestingly, synaptic transmission- and memory function-related genes were commonly down-regulated in CTE, CTE/AD and AD. Especially, synaptotagmin family genes were markedly dysregulated in TBI-related disorders. Otherwise, cell adhesion molecules-related genes showed remarkable expression changes in CTE.
In the second part, we investigated the mechanism of how traumatic brain injury leads to tauopathy in TBI-related neurodegenerative diseases including CTE and AD. Tauopathies are major pathological hallmarks of TBI-related neurodegenerative diseases including CTE and AD. In CTE, an irregular pattern of accumulation aberrantly phosphorylated tau presents in neurons and astroglia around small blood vessels at sulcal depths. In animal models, brain injury is sufficient to induce tau cleavage, acute and sustained aberrant tau phosphorylation and aggregation. In addition, tau-based PET indicates that the temporal neocortex of most individuals over the age of 65 contain pathogenic tau. However, the underlying molecular pathway which drives the tau mediated neurodegeneration is still enigmatic. We found down-regulation of protein phosphatases (PPs) such as PPP3CA, PPP3CB and PPP3R1 in CTE, CTE/AD and AD. We confirmed the elevation of p-tau is inversely correlated with PPs activity in CTE, CTE/AD and AD using in vitro cell lines and in vivo animal models.
The common transcriptome signature of CTE and AD was gene expression changes of synaptic transmission and memory loss. The unique transcriptome feature of CTE was upregulation of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) -related genes. In addition, alteration of protein phosphatase expression contributes to tauopathy in CTE and AD. These studies provide a comprehensive transcriptional mechanism of TBI-related neurodegenerative diseases and lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the diseases.λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦ (CTE) μ μΈμμ± λμμ (TBI) μ μν΄ λνλλ μ κ²½ν΄νμ±μ§νμΌλ‘ μ£Όλ‘ λ³΅μ±μ μ, λ―ΈμμΆκ΅¬μ μ, λ μ¬λ§ μ μ λ±μμ λνλλ€. λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μ μ£Όμ μ¦μμΌλ‘λ λν΅, κΈ°μ΅μμ€, 곡격μ±, 무κ΄μ¬, λΆμ, μ°μΈμ¦ λ±μ΄ μλ€. λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μ λ€λ₯Έ μ κ²½ν΄νμ±μ§νκ³Ό λ§μ°¬κ°μ§λ‘ μμ§κΉμ§ νΉλ³ν μΉλ£λ²μ΄ μμΌλ©°, μ¬νμ λΆκ²μ ν΅ν΄μλ§ μ§λ¨μ΄ κ°λ₯νλ€. κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μ μ λ°νλ μ μ μ μν μμΈμ λν μ°κ΅¬λ μμ§ λ―Έν‘νλ€. κ·Έλμ, λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μ λΆμμ μ νμ νΉμ±μ μ’ λ μ΄ν΄νκΈ° μν΄, μ°λ¦¬λ μΈκ°μ λ νλ³Έμ νμ©νμ¬ μ μ¬μ²΄ λΆμμ μννμλ€.
첫λ²μ§Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ, λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ λΉκ΅ λΆμνμλ€. λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μ μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³ (AD) κ³Ό μμ μμμ΄ λ§€μ° μ μ¬νλ€. λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ κ³ΌμΈμ°νλ νμ°λ¨λ°±μ§μ΄ μΆμ λμ΄ μκ³ μ κ²½μΈν¬μ¬μ 맀λ (NFTs) μ΄ μλ€λ 곡ν΅μ μ΄ μμΌλ©°, μ κ²½μΈν¬μ¬μ 맀λμ λΆν¬ κ²½ν₯μ΄ λ€λ₯΄λ€λ μ°¨μ΄μ μ΄ μλ€. κ·Έλμ λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ μ μ¬μ²΄ λΉκ΅λΆμμ ν΅ν΄ λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μ νΉμ§μ λ³΄λ€ λͺ
νν λ°νλ €κ³ λ
Έλ ₯νλ€. ν₯λ―Έλ‘κ²λ, μλ
μ€ μ λ¬κ³Ό κΈ°μ΅ κΈ°λ₯μ κ΄λ ¨λ μ μ μλ€μ λ³νκ° λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ 곡ν΅μ μΌλ‘ λνλ¬μΌλ©°, κ·Έ μ€μμλ μλ
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κ·Έλ―Ό μ΄λΌκ³ νλ μλ
μ€μμ μ νΈμ λ¬μ κ΄μ¬νλ μ μ μκ° λλλ¬μ§κ² λ³ννμλ€. κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ , μΈν¬λΆμ°©κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ μ μ μμ λ³νλ λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μμλ§ λνλ, μ΄κ²μ΄ λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ μ°¨μ΄μ μμ μ μ μμλ€.
λλ²μ§Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ, μΈμμ± λμμμ΄ μ΄λ€ λ©μ»€λμ¦μ μν΄ λ§μ± μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μΌλ‘ μ΄μ΄μ§λμ§ νμ° λ¨λ°±μ§μ μ΄μ μ λ§μΆ° μ°κ΅¬νμλ€. νμ°λ³μ¦(Tauopathy) μ λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ ν¬ν¨ν μΈμμ± λμμκ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ μ κ²½ν΄νμ±μ§νμ κ°μ₯ μ£Όμν λ³λ¦¬νμ νΉμ§μ΄λ€. λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦μμλ λ΄λ°κ³Ό λ³μκ΅ μΈν¬μ μΈμ°νλ νμ° λ¨λ°±μ§μ΄ λΆκ·μΉμ μΈ ν¨ν΄μΌλ‘ λΆν¬νλ€. μμ μλ°©μΆ λ¨μΈ΅μ΄¬μμ λ‘ 65μΈ μ΄μ μ¬λλ€μ μΈ‘λμ½μ κ΄μ°°ν κ²°κ³Ό, λλΆλΆμ μ¬λλ€μ΄ νμ°λ³μ¦μ κ°μ§κ³ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. κ·Έλ¬λ, μ΄λ€ λΆμμ λ©μ»€λμ¦μ μν΄ νμ° λ¨λ°±μ§μ΄ μ κ²½ν΄νμ±μ§νμ μΌμΌν€λ μ§μ λν΄μλ μμ§ λ°νμ§μ§ μμλ€. κ·Έλμ λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦, μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ μ μ μ λ°ν λ³νλ₯Ό λΆμνμλ€. λ¨λ°±μ§ μΈμ°κ°μλΆν΄ν¨μ (PPs) μ μ μλ€μ΄ λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦, λ§μ± μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦/μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³ κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μμ 곡ν΅μ μΌλ‘ λ³ννμλ€. κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ체 μΈ μΈν¬μ μ체 λ΄ λλ¬Ό λͺ¨λΈμ νμ©νμ¬, λ¨λ°±μ§ μΈμ°κ°μλΆν΄ν¨μμ μΈμ°νλ νμ°λ¨λ°±μ§μ΄ λ°λλ‘ μμ©νλ€λ κ²μ νμΈνμλ€.
λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ 곡ν΅μ μΈ νΉμ§μ μλ
μ€ μ λ¬κ³Ό κΈ°μ΅ μμ€μ κ΄μ¬νλ μ μ μμ λ³νμμΌλ©°, λ§μ±μΈμμ±λ λ³μ¦λ§μ΄ κ°μ§κ³ μλ νΉμ§μ μΈν¬λΆμ°©κ³Ό 리보μκ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ μ μ μμ λ³νμλ€. λν, λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μμ νμ°λ³μ¦μ μΌμΌν€λ μμΈ μ μ μλ λ¨λ°±μ§ μΈμ°κ°μλΆν΄ν¨μμλ€. μ΄ λ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄, λ§μ±μΈμμ±λλ³μ¦κ³Ό μμΈ νμ΄λ¨Έλ³μ μ’ λ μ΄ν΄ν μ μμμΌλ©°, μ΄λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μ κ²½ ν΄νμ± μ§νλ€μ μλ‘μ΄ μ§λ¨ κΈ°μ€κ³Ό μΉλ£λ²μ μ°Ύμ μ μμ κ²μ΄λΌκ³ κΈ°λνλ€.General Introduction 1
Next generation sequencing : State-of-the-art method for genome study 2
Tauopathy: A hallmark of neuropathology 5
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) : Background and symptoms 7
Alzheimer's disease and neuropathology 10
Objectives of these studies 12
Part I. Characterization of transcriptome signatures in TBI-related neurodegenerative disorders (CTE, CTE/AD and AD) 14
Abstract 15
Introduction 17
Materials and Methods 21
Results 27
Discussion 69
Part II. Alteration of tauopathy-associated transcriptome signatures and molecular mechanisms in CTE and AD : Impaired protein phosphatase expression 75
Abstract 76
Introduction 78
Materials and Methods 80
Results 86
Discussion 116
General Discussion 119
References 122
Abstract in Korean 135Docto
Opacity and specificity in optimality theory : a supervisor-assisted model
Thesis (master`s)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μμ΄μλ¬Ένκ³Ό μμ΄νμ 곡,2003.Maste