4 research outputs found

    ์ „๋ฅ˜์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ฐจ์› ์ „์ž๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ณผํ•™๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ „๊ณต,1995.Maste

    Epitaxial Thin Film Growth and Resonant X-ray Scattering for Perovskite SrIrO3

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    DoctorIn recent years, the research for transition metal oxides has been extended to 5d orbit materials that show novel physics phenomena, such as spin-orbit coupling assisted Mott insulator, Weyl semimetals, and correlated topological insulator. These phenomena are attributed the strong spin-orbit coupling in 5d transition metals that can compete with electron correlation and crystal field energy. The competition of spin-orbit coupling and electron correlation energy turn t2g band into filled Jeff=3/2 and Jeff=1/2 upper and lower Hubbard band. The Ruddlesden-Popper iridates series Srn+1IrnO3n+1(n = 1, 2, and โˆž) shows novel physics phenomena, especially insulator-metal transition to increase the number of perovskite layer n. SrIO3, end member of Ruddlesden-Popper iridates series, expected paramagnetic semimetal, but its synthesizing condition need very high temperature and pressure. Here, we synthesized orthorhombic perovskite SrIrO3 thin films on SrTiO3(001) substrate by employing pulsed laser deposition and investigated electronic and magnetic properties using x-ray diffraction and resonant x-ray scattering. We classify the SrIrO3 thin films as insulator-like, intermediate, and metal-like according to temperature dependence of resistivity. These insulator-like and metal-like character depend on the growth condition. The in-plane lattice constants of the insulator-like and metal-like SrIrO3 films are identical by strain effect of SrTiO3 substrate, but out-of-plane c-axis lattice constant of the insulator-like SrIrO3 film is little larger compare to metal-like SrIrO3 film. In optical conductivity spectra, we confirm that insulator-like and metal-like SrIrO3 films have semi-metallic state and observed absorption peak shift induced by IrO6 octahedral rotation. The octahedral rotation caused the electronic and crystal structure change of the insulator-like and metal-like SrIrO3 films. In x-ray diffraction measurement, we observe the orthorhombic allowed and forbidden peak at same pseudo-cubic index for the insulator-like and metal-like SrIrO3 films. To analyze allowed and forbidden peak, we derive that the crystal structure of the insulator-like and metal-like SrIrO3 films is Cmcm and Pbnm structure, respectively. The long-range ordering by spin structure is observed for the insulator-like SrIrO3 film by resonant x-ray scattering at Ir L3 edge. We perform the azimuthal angle scattering for resonance magnetic reflection and confirm that the insulator-like SrIrO3 film has A-type antiferromagnetic ordering along out-of-plane c-axis. The result of Hall effect measurement indicate that the structure change of the insulator-like SrIrO3 film influence the band structure near Fermi level.์ตœ๊ทผ๋“ค์–ด ์ „์ด ๊ธˆ์† ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šคํ•€ ๊ถค๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ Mott ์ ˆ์—ฐ์ฒด, Weyl ์ค€๊ธˆ์†, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ„์ƒ ์ ˆ์—ฐ์ฒด ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” 5d ๊ถค๋„ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์€ 5d ์ „์ด ๊ธˆ์† ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์žฅ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋‚˜ ์ „์ž ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์Šคํ•€ ๊ถค๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์Šคํ•€ ๊ถค๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๊ณผ ์ „์ž ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐด๋“œ๋Š” t2g ๋ฐด๋“œ์—์„œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ Jeff = 3/2 ๋ฐด๋“œ์™€ Jeff = 1/2 ๋ฐด๋“œ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. Ruddlesden-Poper ์ด๋ฆฌ๋“ ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ Srn+1IrnO3n+1(n=1, 2, and โˆž) ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” 5d ์ „์ด ๊ธˆ์† ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ์ธต n ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ˆ์—ฐ์ฒด์—์„œ ๊ธˆ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ํŠน์ดํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ค‘ n ์ด ๋ฌดํ•œ๋Œ€์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” SrIrO3 ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ƒ์ž์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒˆ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ์˜จ๋„์™€ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฉด์‹ฌ ์ง๋ฐฉ ๊ฒฉ์ž ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” SrIrO3 ๋ฅผ SrTiO3(001) ๊ธฐํŒ ์œ„์— pulsed laser deposition ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ฆ์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ x-์„  ํšŒ์ ˆ๊ณผ x-์„  ๊ณต๋ช… ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๊ธฐ์  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž๊ธฐ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ SrIrO3 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์„ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋น„์ €ํ•ญ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ insulator-like, intermediate, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  metal-like ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ์„ฑ์žฅ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. Insulator-like ์™€ metal-like SrIrO3 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์˜ ํ‰๋ฉด๋‚ด ๊ฒฉ์ž์ƒ์ˆ˜๋Š” SrTiO3 ๊ธฐํŒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ‰๋ฉด์™ธ ๊ฒฉ์ž์ƒ์ˆ˜๋Š” insulator-like SrIrO3 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์ด metal-like ๋ฐ•๋ง‰๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ธด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ด‘ํ•™ ์ „๋„๋„ ์ŠคํŒฉํŠธ๋Ÿผ ์ธก์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” insulator-like ์™€ metal-like SrIrO3 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์ด ์ค€๋ฉ”ํƒˆ ์ƒํƒœ์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์•ฝํ•œ ํก์ˆ˜ ๋ด‰์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด๋™์„ ๊ด€์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํก์ˆ˜ ๋ด‰์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด๋™์€ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํŒ”๋ฉด์ฒด์˜ ํšŒ์ „์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ „๊ธฐ์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. x-์„  ํšŒ์ ˆ ์ธก์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ์‚ฌ ์ž…๋ฐฉ ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ๋ฉด์ง ์ง๋ฐฉ ๊ฒฉ์ž ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ด‰์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” insulator-like SrIrO3 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์ด Cmcm ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  metal-like SrIrO3 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์€ Pbnm ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ x-์„  ๊ณต๋ช… ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ insulator-like SrIrO3 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์ด ์ด๋ฆฌ๋“์˜ L3 ํก์ˆ˜๋ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์—์„œ ๊ธด ๋ฒ”์œ„ ์งˆ์„œ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ณต๋ช… ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ๋ด‰์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ธกํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์œ„๊ฐ ์ธก์ •๊ณผ ์›์ž ํ˜•ํƒœ ์ธ์ž ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๋ฉด์™ธ c-์ถ• ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ A-type ๊ฐ•์ž์„ฑ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ insulator-like SrIrO3 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋„ ๋˜ํ•œ ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋ฏธ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์˜ ๋  ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ ์–‘๊ณต ์šด๋ฐ˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์ „์ž ์šด๋ฐ˜์ž์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ปค์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค

    A Study of the Introduction of Accrual Accounting on Local Governments

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    ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์‚ฐ์€ ํ˜„๊ธˆ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์€ ํ˜„๊ธˆ์ฃผ์˜๋กœ๋งŒ ํŽธ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ์˜ˆ๏ฝฅ๊ฒฐ์‚ฐ ํšŒ๊ณ„์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์—๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์ž๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ฐจ์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜์ผ ๋ฟ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋…ผ์˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‹ค์ • ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ œ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋„์ž…๋œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ •๋ถ€(State Government)์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์— ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ œ๋„์˜ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์ •ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ, ์žฌ์ •๊ฑด์ „์„ฑ, ์˜ˆ๏ฝฅ๊ฒฐ์‚ฐ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜ ๊ทน๋ณต ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉฐ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋„์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๊ณผ ๋ณด์™„๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋„์ž… ์‹œ ๊ธ์ •์  ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์  ์ธก๋ฉด์€ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ทœ์น™์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ ์ง„์ ์ธ ์ œ๋„๋„์ž…์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์—…/์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ œ๋„ ๋„์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์—์„œ ์žฌ์ •ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๏ฝฅ์žฌ์ •๊ฑด์ „์„ฑ์˜ ์ œ๊ณ ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋ฏผํŽธ์ต ์ฆ์ง„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ ์ •๋œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” ๋„์‹œ BRT ๊ตฌ์ถ•์‚ฌ์—…, ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์ธ๊ฑด๋น„, ๋„์‹œ์ฒ ๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณต์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์†Œ์š”๋˜๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ˜„๊ธˆ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์—์„œ ๊ณผ์†Œ ๊ณ„์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๊ณผ๋‹ค ๊ณ„์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์— ๋„์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ์‹ฌ์˜๏ฝฅํŽธ์„ฑ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ์ธก์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค
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