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    Development of a Psychological Well-Being Inventory of Adolescents

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์•ˆ๋…•๊ฐ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์•ˆ๋…•๊ฐ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๋ฐ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์•ˆ๋…•๊ฐ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ์  ๋ณ€์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ธ์˜ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธํ•ญ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 4๋ช…์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ๋‚ด์šฉํƒ€๋‹น๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋‘ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ์˜ˆ๋น„๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธํ•ญ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ํƒ์ƒ‰์  ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋ณธ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์•ˆ๋…•๊ฐ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” 51๋ฌธํ•ญ์˜ 6์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์ผ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌถ์ธ ๋ฌธํ•ญ๋“ค์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ํ•˜์œ„์š”์ธ์˜ ๋ช…์นญ์„ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ž๊ธฐ์ธ์‹, ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ด€๊ณ„, ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ด€๊ณ„, ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ด€๊ณ„, ์ž๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ฑ, ํ•™์Šต ์ฃผ๋„์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ํ™•์ธ์  ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ NNFI, CFI, RMSEA ์ง€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ .93, .95, .06์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๋ณธ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์š”์ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ Cronbach ๊ฐ’์€ .93, ํ•˜์œ„์š”์ธ๋ณ„ Cronbach ๊ฐ’์€ .66~.89์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌธํ•ญ-์š”์ธ์ƒ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ•ญ-์ „์ฒด์ƒ๊ด€์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธํ•ญ์—์„œ .30์ด์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ฌธํ•ญ ์ œ๊ฑฐ์‹œ ์š”์ธ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๋ฐ ์ „์ฒด ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋„ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์•ˆ๋…•๊ฐ ์ฒ™๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ƒํ™œ์˜์—ญ์ธ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ณธ ์ฒ™๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์•ˆ๋…•๊ฐ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ง„๋‹ค. The purpose of this study was to develop a Adolescent Psychological Well-Being Inventory(APWI). The 201 initial items were selected for the first preliminary inventory. The number of items was reduced to 131 items through performance of a content validity analysis. A two-stage data analysis was then conducted. First, the data of 105 middle school students were analyzed using descriptive statistics of Mean, Standard Deviation, Skewness, Kurtosis and item-total correlations. The number of items was reduced to 55. The 2nd preliminary inventory, which contained 96 items, was conducted using 350 middle and high school students, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, item-total correlations, and exploratory factor analysis. A final inventory was made, having 51 items and six scales. Six scales of Adolescent's Psychological Well-Being Inventory were positive perception of self (12 items), family relationship (12 items), teacher relationship (10 items), friend relationship (8 items), self-assertion (5 items), and learning thoroughness (4 items). The data of 324 middle and high school students were analyzed, in order to test the reliability and validity of the final inventory. The results found was that the reliabilites (Cronbach's ) of six scales ranged from .66๏ฝž.89, and the default model was fit because it had NNFI(.93), CFI(.95), RMSEA(.06) from a confirmatory factor analysis. Thus, this inventory demonstrates satisfactory reliability and validity. Therefore, it is an appropriate measurement of adolescent's psychological well-being. Implications for future researches are discussed
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