Transient Hyperorality during Automotor Seizure in a Patient with Right Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Klüver-Bucy Syndrome (KBS) is consisting of hyperorality, emotional blunting, hypersexuality, altered dietary habits, visual and auditory agnosia. It has been reported in variable neurological diseases. However, only a few cases reported in epilepsy. We report a patient with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy who presents transient hyperorality during seizure. A 46-year-old man has complex partial seizures which were abdominal aura followed by hyperorality and hand automatisms. Hyperorality was characterized by putting patients hand or seizure button into his mouth. Brain MRI demonstrated right hippocampal sclerosis. The interictal and ictal SPECT suggested right temporal lobe dysfunction, and PET showed bitemporal hypometabolism. Rhythmic ictal activities were arising from right temporal region when patient presented hyperorality. We speculate that transient hyperorality in this patient could be a symptom of KBS. This case suggests that transient KBS can be occurred in a unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy when ictal discharges cause bitemporal dysfunction during temporal lobe seizureOAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2008-01/102/2014017262/3SEQ:3PERF_CD:SNU2008-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:2014017262ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A079623DEPT_CD:801CITE_RATE:0DEPT_NM:의학과SCOPUS_YN:NCONFIRM:

Significance of Brain CT Angiography in Determination of Brain Death in a Patient with Barbiturate Coma Therapy after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

In determination of brain death, brain CT angiography (CTA) can be used as a new ancillary test to assist EEG which is the current gold standard. We report a patient with barbiturate coma therapy whose CTA showed weak filling of the internal carotid artery and its branches when his EEG demonstrated regional beta activities in the corresponding area, which finally disappeared. Combined use of CTA and serial EEGs would be helpful as brain death testing in a patient with barbiturate coma therapy.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2007-01/102/2014017262/1SEQ:1PERF_CD:SNU2007-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:2014017262ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A079623DEPT_CD:801CITE_RATE:0DEPT_NM:의학과SCOPUS_YN:NCONFIRM:

Ictal Hyperperfusion of Brain Structures Related to Ictal Dystonic Posturing in Temporal Lobe Seizures

Although dystonic posturing (DP) during temporal lobe seizures is known to be related to basal ganglia activation, the mechanism of the dystonic posturing has not been investigated in greater details . Methods: Thirty-two patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) underwent ictal and interictal SPECTs. They were classified into two groups: 1) DP with ictal dystonia during ictal SPECT (N=15) and 2) Non-DP without dystonia (N=17). Ictal-interictal SPECT subtraction was performed as follows: co-registration, intensity normalization, subtraction, thresholding and then an overlay to SPGR MRI. The presence and intensity of ictal hyperperfusion were determined in frontal lobe, basal ganglia, temporal lobe and insular cortex. Results: The incidences of ictal hyperperfusion in DP vs. Non-DP were caudate nucleus [80.0%(12/15 patients) vs. 0% (0/17), p=0.001], putamen [93.3% (14/15) vs. 48.2% (8/17), p=0.005], globus pallidus [53.3% (8/15) vs. 23.5% (4/17), p=0.082], thalamus [80.0% (12/15) vs. 41.2% (7/17), p=0.026], insular cortex [46.7% (7/15) vs.23.5% (4/17), p=0.051], orbitofrontal [46.7% (6/15) vs. 35.3% (7/17), p=0.053], medial frontal [6.7% (1/15) vs. 18.7% (2/17), p=0.621], dorsolateral frontal [13.3% (2/15) vs. 18.7%(2/17), p=0.737] in the hemisphere of epileptic side. In patients who showed ictal hyperperfusion in striatum and thalamus, the average intensity of hyperperfusion in DP vs. Non-DP was caudate nucleus 1.67 vs. 0.0, putamen 2.20 vs. 1.05, globus pallidus 1.2 vs. 0.65, thalamus 2.00 vs. 0.88 in the epileptic hemisphere. Conclusions: Caudate nucleus as well as putamen appeared to be important for producing ictal dystonia during TLE seizures. The greater intensity of ictal hyperperfusion in putamen, caudate nucleus and thalamus seems to be related to ictal dystonia.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2003-01/102/2014017262/5SEQ:5PERF_CD:SNU2003-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:2014017262ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A079623DEPT_CD:801CITE_RATE:0DEPT_NM:의학과SCOPUS_YN:NCONFIRM:

박테리오파지 라이브러리로부터세포 용해를 일으키는 유전자의 클로닝과 특성 연구

학위논문(석사) --서울대학교 대학원 :농생명공학부,2007.Maste

Divine Beings in Taiping-Jing[太平經]

본고는 『太平經』에 보이는 神類를 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 여기에서 神類란 여러 종류의 신들을 지칭한다. 『太平經』은 현재의 입장에서 볼때, 가장 오래된 중국 고대 神學(theology)의 집성작이다. 『太平經』 이전시대의 풍부한 神學(theology)을 나름의 체계를 가지고 集成하였고 『太平經』 이후 시대의 신학에 풍부한 영향력을 행사하였다. 이런 의미에서 보면 『太平經』에 보이는 神類를 고찰하는 것은 매우 의미 있는 작업이 될 것이다. 본고는 이 고찰을 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. ① 神類는 能生者가 아니라 所生者이다. 우주와 존재는 最高神 혹은 神類가 창조한 것이 아니라 氣에 의해 만들어진 것이다. 즉 所生者이다. 현재 일반적으로 사용되는 어휘로 말한다면 ‘被造物’이다. ② 全能할 수가 없다. 全能에는 ‘창조’의 능력이 포함될 것이다. 神類는 이런 의미에서 全能할 수가 없다. ③ 의존적인 존재이다. 이미 앞에서 말한대로 神類는 氣·精에 의해 태어난 존재이다. 태생적으로 ‘의존성’에서 완전히 벗어날 수가 없다.This paper is aimed at examining the gods shown in 『Taiping-Jing[太平經]』. Here, gods refer to various kinds of gods. 『Taiping-Jing』 is, from the present point of view, a collection of the oldest Chinese ancient theologies. “Taiping-Jing” collected the rich theology of the previous era with its own system and exercised a rich influence on the theologies of the post-"Taiping-Jing" period. In this sense, it would be very meaningful to study the gods shown in "Taiping-Jing". The following conclusions were obtained through this study. ① The gods are not beings existing without being born but beings that are born. The universe and beings were not created by the Supreme God or gods, but were created by chi. That is, they were born. They are "creatures" if we use a commonly used vocabulary. ② They cannot be almighty. The almighty will have the power of creation. Gods cannot be almighty in this sense. ③ They are dependent beings. As already mentioned above, gods were born by chi and jing. They cannot be completely free from dependence

The Study of Wangbi and Guoxiang`s Ziran and Social Theory

위진 현학은 자연과 명교에 대한 탐구이고 그 대표적 인물은 왕필과 곽상이라 말해진다. 여기에서 자연과 명교는 결국 자연과 인간 사회이다. 왕필과 곽상은 모두 有無論으로 자기 철학의 근거를 삼고 있다. 왕필에 의하면 有는 모든 존재를, 無는 有의 근거와 원리를 지칭한다 自然은 無를 지칭하는 것으로 모든 존재의 원인이자 원리가 된다. 그리고 각 개체는 이 자연과 맞다있는 자기의 개성으로 性음 삼는다. 왕필은 이 기초 위에 사회철학을 구축하는데 그것은 有에 의해 발생하는 사사로움음 버리고 자연에 의해 정초되어진 성을 따르는 無爲의 사회 철학이 이것이다. 이와 달리 곽상에 의하면 無는 존재하지 않는 것이기에 無는 有를 생할 수 없으니 有는 결국 아무 이유 없이 自生한다. 그리고 自然은 이아무 이유 없음을 의미하고 이것이 자연이다. 이 개체성을 性이라 부르는데, 개체는 모든 활동은 필연적으로 이 性에 의거한다. 개체 각자의 성이 발휘됨을 逍遙라 하는데, 곽상은 성인의 兩行에 의해 만물만인이 모두 소요할 수 있는 세계가 가능하다고 생각한다. 왕필과 곽상은 모두 유무로 그 사유의 근원을 삼고 성을 통해 존재와 사회를 설명하는 사유구도는 공통점이라 할 수 있으나 그 안에 담겨진 내용은 판연히 다르다. 본질적으로 다른 점은 왕필은 보편을 버리지 않는 방식으로 개체를 설명하는 방식을 취하고 있으나 곽상은 순수개체를 상정하고 이 순수개체의 집합으로서만 전체를 이해함이다. 모두 개체를 중시함은 다른 가운데 같은 점이다.이 논문은 2000년도 한국학술진흥재단의 지원에 의해 연구되었음.(KRF-2000-037-BA0061

Effects of somatostatin and morphine on the responses of dorsal horn neurons to noxious peripheral nerve stimulation in cats

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :의학과 생리학전공,1997.Docto

Effect of Fingertip Temperature on Multi-finger Actions in Young Adults

Objective: This study examined the effects of stimulating fingertip temperature on the patterns of force sharing and stability properties during multi-finger force production tasks. Method: 9 adult subjects (male: 3, female: 6, age: 26.11±4.01 yrs, height: 169.22±5.97 cm, weight: 61.44±11.27 kg) participated in this study. The experiment consisted of three blocks: 1) maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) task, 2) single-finger ramp task to quantify enslaving (i.e., unintended force production by non-task fingers), and 3) 12 trials of multi-finger steady-state force production task at 20% MVC. There were three temperature conditions including body-temperature (i.e., control condition), 40℃, and 43℃, and the stimulation was given to the index finger only for all experimental conditions. Results: There were no significant differences in the MVC forces, enslaving, and the accuracy of performance during the steady-state task between the conditions. However, the share of stimulated index finger force increased with the index fingertip temperature, while the share of middle finger force decreased. Also, the coefficient of variation of both index and middle finger forces over repetitive trials increased with the index fingertip temperature. Under the framework of the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) hypothesis used to quantify indices of multi-finger synergies (i.e., stability property) stabilizing total force during the steady-state task, the two variance components within the UCM analysis increased together with the fingertip temperature, while no changes in the synergy indices between the conditions. Conclusion: The current results showed that fingertip temperature stimulation only to index finger does not affect to muscle force production capability of multi-finger, independence of individual fingers, and force production accuracy by the involvement of all four fingers. The effect of fingertip temperature on the sharing pattern and force variation may be due to diffuse reflex effects of the induced afferent activity on alpha-motoneuronal pools. However, the unchanged stability properties may be the reflection of the active error compensation strategies by nonstimulated finger actions.N

Memory Lateralizing Values of Different Stimulus Types in Wada Test

Background: We studied the accuracy, lateralization criteria of Wada test in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE). We also evaluated material specific memory and determined the stimulus which can classify best between right and left TLE among four different types of stimuli. Methods: We examined Wada memory performance in 33 patients(15 left, 18 right) with TLE who underwent surgery and who were good seizure outcome at least 1 year follow-up. Twelve stimuli consited of figures, written words, geometric designs and real objects were presented after Amytal injection. The recognition memory test was performed at 10 minutes after the injection and hemisphere memory performance of each stimulus and total stimuli were obtained by(number of stimuli recognized / number of stimuli presented x 100%). Classification rate, best stimulus for lateralization, and suitable lateralization criteria were determined by discriminant analysis and Chi-square test. Hemispheric memory difference of each stimulus was analyzed by paired-sample Student's t-test in left temporal lobectomy(LTL) and right temporal lobectomy(RTL) groups. Results: No significant difference was observed in pre-Wada memory score and in IQ between LTL and RTL group. The classification rate of Wada test in terms of lateralization by discriminant analysis was 81.82%. The accuracy was 75.8% at 10% and 15% lateralization criteria and was 63.6% and 45.5% at 20% and 25% lateralization criteria, respectively. Figure was the most useful among four types of stimuli to classify TLE. Analysis of hemispheric memory according to stimuli revealed that memory difference between hemisphere was significant only for figure in LTL group(p=0.027). In RTL group, all 4 stimulus types had significant hemispheric memory difference (figure, p=0.000; written word, p=0.000; geometric design, p=0.000; real object, p=0.000). Conclusions: Wada test is a reliable method for lateralizing seizure foci in TLE. To get optimal results, lateralization criteria should be determined by statistica Key Words: Wada test, lateralization, material specific memory, TLE which have an influence on lateralizing seizure foci.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu1998-01/102/2014017262/3SEQ:3PERF_CD:SNU1998-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:2014017262ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A079623DEPT_CD:801CITE_RATE:0DEPT_NM:의학과SCOPUS_YN:NCONFIRM:

SIMPLE PARTIAL STATUS EPILEPTICUS LOCLIZED BY SPECT SUBTRACTION IN CHRONIC CEREBRAL PARAGONIMIASIS

2