An Analysis on the Efficient Control of Empty Container

The sharp increase of ocean cargoes have been triggered by the expansion of standardized container use in the intermodal transportation and the appearance of 10,000 teu-sized container vessels in 2000. This change in ocean transportation has caused shipping companies to build up and maintain the fleet of containers, which results in the increase of operation cost. In this environment, the maintenance and efficient management of empty containers is the one of the key directives for the purpose of pulling down the logistics cost. The imbalance of container volume, caused by the gap between demand and supply, makes the shipping companies to send a lot of money in repositioning. That is the one of the factors to weaken the cost competitiveness of the carriers. The shipping companies, therefore, try to strengthen their competitiveness by reducing the reposition cost of empty container after coming up with the efficient measures to keep container volume in balance. The aim of this study is to reduce the reposition cost of empty container by finding out the efficient way of resolving the disequilibrium between demand and supply and then to reduce the shipping company's cost incurred by empty container reposition. In this regard, the analysis of reposition cost of empty container is carried out based on actual data of A shipping carrier. Especially for the optimal measure to iron out the imbalance between demand and supply at the lowest expense, the optimal idea of reposition at the time of oversupply of empty container in Seoul is drawn out by making the comparison and analysis of how many empty containers are moved and how much cost is incurred by reposition after looking into the reposition method by carrier when shipping companies face surplus or shortage in Seoul. In summary, the result of this study is as followsFirst, the swap of empty containers between 2 carriers not only helps them save logistics cost but also enables them to provide empty containers to customers in a timely manner. Second, in case of surplus in Seoul, it is more efficient to offhire possible empty container to leasing company rather than inland-reposition. Third, in case of surplus in Seoul and shortage in China, if swap between carriers is infeasible, it is more efficient to ship out empty containers to China via Incheon rather than to reposition to Busan and Kwangyang. Forth, if inland reposition is definitely needed due to empty shortage at Pusan and Kwangyang, it is good to arrange the inland reposition to middle area located shipper, which can be reduced of shipping carrier's inland reposition cost and shipper's transportation cost as well as. Fifth, the reposition cost can be reduced by carrying out re-direction if there is CY at middle area such as CheongJu, i.e, when container is devanned at Pyungtaek, Osan and Ansan, a trucking manager requests a trucker to return empty container to middle depot. Finally, inland reposition cost can be saved through substitution of dry container with reefer container.제1장 서론 1 제1절 연구의 배경과 목적 1 1. 연구의 배경 1 2. 연구의 목적 3 제2절 연구방법과 구성 4 제2장 공컨테이너 운영현황 및 선행연구 고찰 5 제1절 컨테이너 화물의 유통과정 5 1. 컨테이너 화물의 수송 경로 5 2. 컨테이너 화물의 유통 현황 15 3. 항만별 컨테이너 물동량 처리실적 추이 및 특징 19 제2절 공컨테이너 운영 관리 현황 22 1. 공컨테이너 수급 조절 방법 24 2. 공컨테이너 재고 관리 방법 32 제3절 의사결정과정의 이론적 고찰 34 제4절 선행연구 40 제3장 공컨테이너의 효율적 관리를 위한 실증분석 43 제1절 분석방법 43 1. 분석기준 43 2. 공컨테이너 재배치 분석방법의 구성 44 제2절 해상부문 47 1. 분석 자료 47 2. 공컨테이너 재배치로 발생하는 하역비 47 3. 문제점 및 개선방안 60 제3절 내륙 데포(Depot) 구간 64 1. 분석 자료 65 2. 공컨테이너의 효율적 재배치 방안 69 3. 개선방안 85 제4장 결 론 87 제1절 연구결과의 요약 87 제2절 연구의 한계와 향후 연구과제 88 부록: 육상운송료 8