17 research outputs found

    T2 Mapping of Articular Cartilage of the Glenohumeral Joint at 3.0T in Healthy Subjects – A Feasibility Study

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ˜ν•™κ³Ό(μ˜μƒμ˜ν•™μ „κ³΅), 2014. 2. μ΅œμ •μ•„.Introduction: To evaluate the feasibility of quantitative T2 mapping of the glenohumeral joint cartilage at 3.0T and to assess the T2 mapping characteristics of the normal glenohumeral joint. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was approved by our institutional review board and written informed consent was obtained. Fifteen healthy volunteers were enrolled and underwent a multiecho spin-echo T2-weighted MR imaging of the shoulder and T2 mapping was acquired with a dedicated software. Regions of interest that covered the full thickness of the humeral cartilage and glenoid cartilage were respectively placed on an oblique coronal image to assess the mean T2 relaxation time. T2 profiles of humeral cartilage were measured from the cartilage-bone interface to the articular surface. Intraobserver agreement was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: T2 maps were successfully obtained in 13 subjects (mean age, 28.6 yearsage range, 24-33 years). All 13 joints showed normal appearance on conventional T2-weighted images, without signal intensity alterations or cartilage defects. On quantitative evaluation, the mean cartilage T2 values of humeral cartilage and glenoid cartilage were 50.5 msec Β± 12.1 and 49.0 msec Β± 9.9, respectively. Intraobserver agreement was good, as determined by an ICC of 0.736. Longer T2 values were observed at the articular surface with a tendency to decrease toward the bone-cartilage interface. The mean cartilage T2 value was 69.03 msec Β± 21.2 at the articular surface and 46.99 msec Β± 19.6 at the bone-cartilage interface of the humeral head. Conclusion: T2 mapping of the glenohumeral joint is feasible on a 3T scanner in a clinically feasible time frame. The T2 profile of the normal humeral cartilage shows a spatial variation with an increase in T2 values from the subchondral bone to the articular surface.CONTENTS Abstract i Contents iv List of Figures v Introduction 1 Materials and Methods 3 Results 8 Discussion 16 References 20 Abstract in Korean 25Maste

    κ΄€μ ˆ μ—°κ³¨μ˜ 지연성 κ°€λŒλ¦¬λŠ„ μ‘°μ˜μ¦κ°• 자기곡λͺ…μ˜μƒ 기법

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ˜ν•™κ³Ό, 2017. 2. ν™μ„±ν™˜.λͺ©μ : κ΄€μ ˆμ—°κ³¨μ˜ 지연성 κ°€λŒλ¦¬λŠ„ μ‘°μ˜μ¦κ°• 자기곡λͺ…μ˜μƒ (dGEMRIC) μ—μ„œ μ „ν•˜κ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ—¬λŸ¬ κ°€λŒλ¦¬λŠ„ 기반 쑰영제λ₯Ό 톡해 얻은 츑정값을 비ꡐ해보고 Gd-DTPA2- μ™Έμ˜ 쑰영제λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•œ dGEMRIC κ²€μ‚¬μ—μ„œλ„ 정상연골과 λ³€μ„±μ—°κ³¨μ˜ ꡬ뢄이 κ°€λŠ₯함을 λ³΄μ—¬μ€ŒμœΌλ‘œμ¨, Gd-DTPA2-λ₯Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ 쑰영제둜의 λŒ€μ²΄ κ°€λŠ₯성을 μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. λŒ€μƒκ³Ό 방법: λ„μ‚΄λœ λΌμ§€μ—μ„œ 적좜된 슬개골(n=44)을 4개의 κ°€λŒλ¦¬λŠ„ 쑰영제ꡰ (각, n=11)에 λ°°λ‹Ήν•˜μ˜€κ³ , ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 쑰영제ꡰ μ•ˆμ—μ„œλŠ” 정상연골 λͺ¨λΈμΈ λŒ€μ‘°κ΅°(n=3)κ³Ό 변성연골 λͺ¨λΈμΈ νŠΈλ¦½μ‹ μ²˜λ¦¬κ΅° (n=8)으둜 λ‚˜λˆ„μ—ˆλ‹€. μ‹€ν—˜μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•œ μ‘°μ˜μ œλŠ” λΉ„μ΄μ˜¨μ„± MRI 쑰영제 (Gd-BT-DO3A, Gadovist), 1κ°€ 음이온 쑰영제 (Gd-DOTA-, Dotarem), 2κ°€ 음이온 쑰영제 (Gd-BOPTA2-, MultihanceGd-DTPA2-, Magnevist) 4κ°€μ§€λ‘œ, λͺ¨λ‘ μΈμ‚°μ™„μΆ©μ‹μ—Όμˆ˜μ— ν¬μ„ν•˜μ—¬ 2.5mmol/L의 λ†λ„λ‘œ μ€€λΉ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ€€λΉ„λœ 돼지 μŠ¬κ°œκ³¨μ„ ν¬μ„ν•œ 쑰영제 μš©μ•‘μ— μΉ¨μˆ˜μ‹œν‚¨ 직후인 0λΆ„μ—μ„œλΆ€ν„° 120λΆ„κΉŒμ§€ 10λΆ„ κ°„κ²©μœΌλ‘œ T1 map μ˜μƒμ„ νšλ“ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. νšλ“ν•œ T1 mapμ—μ„œ μΈ‘μ •ν•œ μ‘°μ˜μ¦κ°• ν›„ T1 κ°’κ³Ό μ‘°μ˜μ¦κ°• μ „ T1 값을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ Ξ”R (Ξ”R = 1/T1Gd – 1/T10) 값을 κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , μ‹œκ°„μ— λ”°λ₯Έ Ξ”R κ°’μ˜ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μŠ¬κ°œκ³¨μ€ safranin-O 염색을 μ‹œν–‰ν•˜μ—¬ κ΄€μ ˆμ—°κ³¨ λ‚΄μ˜ glycosaminoglycan contentλ₯Ό ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. Safranin-O μ—Όμƒ‰μ˜ 강도λ₯Ό μ •λŸ‰ν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ 빨간색(R), 녹색(G), νŒŒλž€μƒ‰(B)의 강도 수치λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 뢉은 μƒ‰μ˜ μƒλŒ€ 강도 (r = R/(R2 + G2 + B2)1/2)λ₯Ό κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹œκ°„μ— λ”°λ₯Έ Ξ”R κ°’μ˜ λ³€ν™” 양상을 λΆ„μ„ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ„ ν˜• ν˜Όν•© λͺ¨ν˜• 뢄석을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, κ·Έλ£Ήκ°„ T1κ°’, Ξ”Rκ°’μ˜ λΉ„κ΅μ—λŠ” Student t test 와 Mann-Whitney U test λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ²°κ³Ό: 정상연골 λŒ€μ‘°κ΅°κ³Ό 변성연골 νŠΈλ¦½μ‹ μ²˜λ¦¬κ΅°μ˜ μ‹œκ°„-Ξ”R κ³‘μ„ μ˜ 기울기의 μ°¨μ΄λŠ” Gd-BOPTA2-(0.037)λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ˜€μ„ λ•Œ κ°€μž₯ 컸으며, Gd-DTPA2-(0.022), Gd-DOTA-(0.018), Gd-BT-DO3A(0.011) 순으둜 기울기의 차이가 μž‘μ•„μ‘Œλ‹€. Gd-DTPA2-λ₯Ό κΈ°μ€€μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜μ˜€μ„ λ•Œ, Gd-BOPTA2-μ—μ„œλŠ” 기울기의 차이가 ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜λ―Έν•˜κ²Œ 컀쑌으며(p<.001), Gd-BT-DO3A μ—μ„œλŠ” μœ μ˜λ―Έν•˜κ²Œ μž‘μ•„μ‘Œλ‹€ (P = .004). 쑰영제 침수 90뢄후와 120λΆ„ν›„ μ˜μƒμ—μ„œ 얻은 단일 T1 κ°’κ³Ό Ξ”R κ°’μ˜ 경우, 2κ°€μ˜ μŒμ „ν•˜λ₯Ό λ„λŠ” μ‘°μ˜μ œμ—μ„œλ§Œ, λŒ€μ‘°κ΅°κ³Ό νŠΈλ¦½μ‹ μ²˜λ¦¬κ΅° 간에 ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ 차이가 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. Safranin-O 염색 강도 (r, λΉ¨κ°„μƒ‰μ˜ μƒλŒ€κ°•λ„)λŠ” λŒ€μ‘°κ΅°(0.77Β±0.07) κ³Ό νŠΈλ¦½μ‹ μ²˜λ¦¬κ΅° (0.46Β± 0.05) 사이에 ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ 차이가 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€ (p<.001). κ²°λ‘ : 동일 λ†λ„λ‘œ dGEMRIC 검사λ₯Ό μ‹œν–‰ν•˜μ˜€μ„ λ•Œ, 2κ°€μ˜ μŒμ „ν•˜λ₯Ό λ„λŠ” μ‘°μ˜μ œκ°€, 1κ°€μ˜ μŒμ „ν•˜λ₯Ό λ„λŠ” μ‘°μ˜μ œλ‚˜ λΉ„μ΄μ˜¨μ„± μ‘°μ˜μ œμ— λΉ„ν•΄μ„œ 정상연골과 변성연골을 ꡬ뢄함에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 더 μš°μˆ˜ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 2κ°€μ˜ μŒμ „ν•˜λ₯Ό λ„λŠ” 쑰영제 μ€‘μ—μ„œλ„ μžκΈ°μ΄μ™„μœ¨μ΄ 높은 쑰영제인 Gd-BOPTA2- κ°€ Gd-DTPA2-에 λΉ„ν•΄μ„œ 정상연골과 변성연골 μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ λŒ€μ‘°λ„κ°€ λ†’μ•„, dGEMRIC κ²€μ‚¬μ—μ„œ λŒ€μ²΄ 쑰영제둜 μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆλŠ” κ°€λŠ₯성이 μžˆλ‹€.Introduction: To compare the delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) indexes acquired with different gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), with emphasis on the difference in electrical charge, and to evaluate the feasibility of the use of GBCAs other than gadopentetate dimeglumine with a double negative charge (Gd-DTPA2-) as alternatives at dGEMRIC. Materials and Methods: Intact porcine patellae (n = 44) were divided into four groups according to GBCA used: double negative gadopentate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA2-), double negative gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA2-), single negative gadoterate meglumine (Gd-DOTA-), and nonionic gadobutrol (Gd-BT-DO3A). Patellae in each group were further assigned to control (n = 3) or trypsin-treated (n = 8) groups and were immersed in GBCA solutions prepared at a concentration of 2.5 mmol/L. T1 maps were acquired at 10-minute intervals at 0–120 minutes. The difference between postcontrast R1 and precontrast R1 (Ξ”R) and the time-Ξ”R curves were plotted. Patellae were stained with safranin-O to evaluate the proteoglycan content of the cartilage. The intensity of staining was quantified by calculating the relative fraction of red (r = R/(R2 + G2 + B2)1/2) from the intensity values of red(R), green(G), and blue(B). A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the time-Ξ”R curves, and Student t tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare dGEMRIC indexes between groups. Results: The difference in the estimated slopes of the time-Ξ”R curves between control and trypsin-treated groups were greatest with Gd-BOPTA2-, followed by Gd-DTPA2-, Gd-DOTA-, and Gd-BT-DO3A, with differences in the estimated slopes of 0.037, 0.022, 0.018, and 0.011, respectively. The slope difference between control and trypsin-treated groups was significantly greater with Gd-BOPTA2- (P <.001) and significantly smaller with Gd-BT-DO3A (P = .004) in comparison with that with Gd-DTPA2-. Only the GBCAs with double negative charges showed significant differences in both the T1 measured after equilibration of cartilage with GBCA solution and the Ξ”R at 90 and 120 minutes between the control and trypsin-treated groups. The safranin-O staining intensity (r, relative fraction of red) differed significantly between control (0.77Β±0.07) and trypsin-treated groups (0.46Β± 0.05) (p<.001). Conclusion: Double negative GBCAs produced better contrast between normal and degenerated cartilage than did those with a single negative charge and nonionic GBCAs at the same concentration for dGEMRIC. Because Gd-BOPTA2-, a high-relaxivity GBCA, showed higher contrast than did Gd-DTPA2-, Gd-BOPTA2- may be useful as an alternative GBCA for dGEMRIC.Introduction 1 Materials and Methods 4 Results 16 Discussion 27 References 35 Abstract in Korean 43Docto

    Mediating and Moderating Effects of Mindfulness between Brooding, Reflection and Depression, Psychological Well-being

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    λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” λ‚΄λΆ€μ΄ˆμ μ  λ°˜μ‘μ–‘μ‹μΈ λ°˜μΆ” 및 λ°˜μ„±μ˜ κ΅¬λ³„λœ 성격을 규λͺ…ν•˜κ³ , ν•΄λ‹Ή 변인듀이 우울 및 심리적 μ•ˆλ…•κ°μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§€λŠ” κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€μ˜ 주된 역할을 ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€μ˜ 맀개 및 쑰절효과λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μˆ˜λ„κΆŒ λ‚΄ 4λ…„μ œ λŒ€ν•™ 학뢀생 292λͺ…을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ μš°μšΈκ°μ •μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μ‘μ–‘μ‹, λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€, 우울, 심리적 μ•ˆλ…•κ° 척도λ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 이상값을 μ œμ™Έν•œ 278λͺ…μ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 각 변인듀 κ°„ κ΄€κ³„λŠ” 상관뢄석을 톡해 κ²€ν† ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, κ·Έ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ λ°˜μΆ” 및 λ°˜μ„±κ³Ό 우울 및 심리적 μ•ˆλ…•κ°κ³Ό κ΄€κ³„μ—μ„œ λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€μ˜ 맀개 및 μ‘°μ ˆνš¨κ³Όμ— λŒ€ν•΄ ꡬ쑰방정식 λͺ¨ν˜•κ²€μ¦μ„ 톡해 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 뢄석결과, λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€μ€ λ°˜μΆ”μ™€ 우울 및 심리적 μ•ˆλ…•κ°κ³Όμ˜ κ΄€κ³„μ—μ„œ 뢀뢄맀 κ°œμ—­ν• μ„, λ°˜μ„±κ³Ό 심리적 μ•ˆλ…•κ°κ³Όμ˜ κ΄€κ³„μ—μ„œ μ™„μ „λ§€κ°œμ—­ν• μ„ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ λ°˜μΆ”μ™€ 우울의 κ΄€κ³„μ—μ„œλŠ” λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€μ˜ μ‘°μ ˆνš¨κ³Όκ°€ μœ μ˜ν•˜μ—¬ λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€ μˆ˜μ€€μ΄ λ†’μ„μˆ˜λ‘ λ°˜μΆ”κ°€ μš°μšΈμ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 뢀정적인 영ν–₯이 μ‘°μ ˆλ¨μ„ 확인 ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 두 λͺ¨ν˜•μ˜ 비ꡐ결과, λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€μ€ μ‘°μ ˆνš¨κ³Όλ³΄λ‹€ λ§€κ°œνš¨κ³Όμ—μ„œ ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ κ²½λ‘œκ°€ 주둜 κ΄€μ°°λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 본연ꡬ결과λ₯Ό 톡해 λ°˜μΆ” 및 λ°˜μ„±μ΄ 심리적 건강에 이λ₯΄λŠ” κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ κΈ°μ €μ˜ 변화과정을 μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆμŒμ±™κΉ€μ˜ 역할을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€κ³ , 특히 λͺ¨ν˜Έν•œ λ°˜μ„±μ˜ 성격을 규λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 끝으둜, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ˜μ˜μ™€ μ œν•œμ μ„ λ…Όμ˜ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€
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