四川省凉山州德昌县10种核桃及其油脂品质对比分析Comparative analysis of 10 walnuts and their oil quality in Dechang county, Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan province

为合理开发利用四川省凉山州德昌县的核桃资源，对该产地采摘的10种核桃及其油脂品质进行对比分析，检测了核桃横径、平均果质量、出仁率，核桃仁水分含量、粗脂肪含量、出油率，核桃油酸值、过氧化值和脂肪酸组成。结果表明：10种核桃的平均果质量为7.76~17.03 g，横径为29.60~48.17 mm，出仁率为40.76%~57.39%；核桃仁水分含量均低于5%，粗脂肪含量为57.54%~6926%；核桃油过氧化值与酸值均符合国标要求，脂肪酸组成以不饱和脂肪酸为主，棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和α-亚麻酸含量分别为5.25%~5.93%、2.17%~3.85%、27.32%~4450%、42.22%~57.13%和4.43%~6.44%。综合考虑各项因素，德昌37号、德昌7号和德昌11号更适合用于加工生产核桃油。 For the rational development and utilization of walnut resources in Dechang county, Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan province, 10 walnuts and their oil quality in Dechang county were compared and analyzed. The horizontal diameter, average fruit weight and kernel rate of walnut, moisture content and crude fat content, and oil yield of walnut kernel, acid value, peroxide value and fatty acid composition of walnut oil were determined. The results showed that the average fruit weight, horizontal diameter and kernel rate of 10 walnuts was 7.76-17.03 g, 29.60-48.17 mm and 40.76%-57.39% respectively; the moisture content of walnut kernel was all less than 5%; the crude fat content of walnut kernel was 5754%-69.26%; the peroxide value and acid value met the requirements of the national standard; the fatty acid composition was mostly unsaturated fatty acid, and the contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid were 5.25%-5.93%, 2.17%-3.85%, 27.32%-44.50%, 42.22%-57.13% and 443%-6.44% respectively. Considering all factors, Dechang 37, Dechang 7 and Dechang 11 are more suitable for processing and producing walnut oil

福岛核事故泄漏的大气放射性核素监测及其对西安地区的影响

2011年3月日本福岛核电站受海啸冲击后发生了严重核事故,并造成放射性核素的大量泄漏.事故发生后,在西安开展了3个月的大气放射性核素监测,获得了131I,134Cs,137Cs和133Xe等核素的浓度数据,并结合切尔诺贝利核事故后西安的监测数据及其他国家和地区的监测数据对本次监测结果进行了讨论,分析了泄漏核素到达西安的可能路径.从传输路径分析来看,福岛泄漏核素的扩散主要受西风影响,但在太平洋局部出现的反气旋和源项的连续释放特点,使泄漏核素到达中国的大气传输路径比较复杂.</p