INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF MANURE REMOVAL FREQUENCY ON THE AMOUNT OF PRODUCED POLLUTANTS IN CATTLE HOUSING

The aim of the experiment was to determine the concentrations of harmful gases production in the dairy housing and to compare the difference of measured data in terms of frequency of manure removal. Measuring the concentration of ammonia, methane and carbon dioxide was carried out in summer in three-day cycles when produced excrements were removed every day at 19:00 o\u27clock, and in three-day cycles when removing of excreta was carried out twice a day, in the morning and evening at 5:00 and 19:00 o\u27clock. Microclimatic conditions during the experiment were at a comparable level, ambient temperature was maintained at about 29 °C and relative humidity was 64 %. By comparing the obtained values of production in terms of frequency of waste removal, it has been shown that for removing twice a day, the production of ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane was higher than under manure removal only once a day

Monitoring of Litter Quality and Temperature in Breeding of Fattening Chickens

This paper is focused on monitoring of the outside temperature and humidity, together with microclimate conditions in a hall in order to investigate the impacts on fattening chickens during the winter period, the litter temperature and its quality, as well as stocking density. The outdoor and indoor temperature was monitored by means of Comet logger R 3120; the litter temperature measurement was performed with use of a non-contact thermometer Raytek Raynger ST. To determine the stocking density, the Guide TP8S thermographic camera was utilised. Stocking density was evaluated on the basis of obtained thermographic images. By monitoring of the litter quality, we achieved an average of 1.6 on the 10th day and 1.5 on the 20th day of fattening. Stock density was 1.1 on the 10th day and 2.1 on the 20th day. Comparing the P values and the significance level α (0.05), we found that the P value was (0.000) < α (0.05), R – 0.622, R2 – 0.39 on the 10th day. This value is a result of comparison of the litter temperature and its influence on its quality. By comparison of stocking density and its impact on the litter quality, the P value was (0.000) < α (0.05), R – 0.916, R2 – 0.84. When comparing the temperature of the litter and its influence on stocking density, the P value (0.000) < α (0.05), R – 0.711, R2 – 0.505. These values indicate that the observed indicators are strongly statistically dependent on the observed days. By comparison of the litter quality on the 10th and 20th day, a statistically significant difference (0.000 <0.05) was observed, as well as by comparison of the litter temperatures on the 10th and 20th day (0.024 <0.05)

Using Modern Diagnostic Methods for Technological Discipline Assessment of Maize Silage

The paper focuses on the analysis of compliance with the technological discipline in silage quality assessment based on sampling the silage wall using thermal imaging and penetrometer method for silage compaction. Experimental measurements were done in a selected company, which has built a silage trough with a capacity of 6,624 m3, in which the maize (hybrid KWS – KALIFF FAO 440) with a 36% solids content was ensiled. A thermal camera ThermoPro TM TP8S IR and cone penetrometer Eijkelkamp were used for measurements. The results obtained suggest that also undesirable heating was found in the sampling area, since the maximum temperature at some places in the depth of 0.5 m reached a temperature of 36.4 °C. According to regression and correlation analysis, we found direct linear relationship between penetration resistance and penetration depth in a 6 m and 1.5 m height (R = 0.938 respectively R = 0.970)

Effect of Climatic Conditions on Differences in Thermo-Technical Properties of Organic Bedding in Laboratory Testing

The aim of this experiment was to analyse the influence of climatic factors on the thermal performance of separated liquid manure. The samples of organic bedding were collected from the lying area of dairy housing and preparatory store. The measurement of properties of recycled manure solids (RMS) was carried out in laboratory conditions. Samples were examined with determining the temperature effect on the thermal conductivity λ of ’dry‘ separated liquid manure (with a dry matter content of 60%) and ’wet‘ liquid manure (with a dry matter content of 26%), in air temperatures ranging from 0 °C to 40 °C. Subsequently, the thermal resistance of three selected types of cows lying structures was calculated for winter and summer boundary values. Based on the results of thermal conductivity and thermal resistance, it was observed that dry separated liquid manure as an alternative bedding has, in low temperature (up to 5 °C), the most suitable thermal performance if it is maintained in a dry condition (with a dry matter content of 60%). With increasing temperature (above 20 °C) and increasing humidity of bedding (below 26%), thermo-technical properties get worse; however, when comparing the thermal resistance of the cow bed structure with sandwich mattresses with a 50 mm layer of organic bedding and the deep cubicle filled with 200 mm of organic bedding, the thermal resistance of floor structure decreases by 7.6% or 18.4%, respectively. With a proper handling of the recycled organic bedding, it is possible to use its economic advantages

The Emission Factors Determination at Different Breeding Technology of Laying Hens

The study deals with emission factor determination at different breeding technology of lying hens. Concentration of ammonia and greenhouse gases were investigated under the laboratory condition for hens breeding of enriched cages, in comparison with conventional breeding technology with exhaust air cross flow (1), technology for layered straw on to dropping belt (2) and technology with exhaust air under the cage’s grate (3)

Analysis of Quality Milking Process By Thermographic Method

The aim of the study was to determine the milking process quality through the temperature changes on teats. The measurements were conducted to evaluate the effect of partial vacuum 45 kPa and 40 kPa at the mammary gland. The measurements were done on a dairy farm at six Holstein breed dairy cows that were in the second stage of lactation. Temperature changes on teats were measured with thermal camera ThermoProTM TP8S IR during 2 days (morning milking and afternoon milking partial vacuum to 45 kPa, morning and afternoon milking with 40 kPa). The teats surface temperature was monitored before milking, after milking, 2 minutes after milking and 4 minutes after milking. The obtained results showed the increasing temperature during machine milking at both partial vacuums (45 kPa, 40 kPa). The highest temperature was reached immediately after milking. At the partial vacuum 45 kPa, the temperature increase was in morning and afternoon milking an average of +2.44 K. At partial vacuum 40 kPa the temperature increase was +1.93 K. Both temperature increases were statistically different (P &gt; 0.05). The largest temperature decrease of teats was detected just two minutes after milking. Thermographic method used to assess the quality of milking process has proved to be useful because of the teat’s response to a machine milking process