824 research outputs found
Comparing School Choice Mechanisms by Interim and Ex-Ante Welfare
The Boston mechanism and deferred acceptance (DA) are two competing mechanisms widely used in school choice problems across the United States. Recent work has highlighted welfare gains from the use of the Boston mechanism, in particular finding that when cardinal utility is taken into account, Boston interim Pareto dominates DA in certain incomplete information environments with no school priorities. We show that these previous interim results are not robust to the introduction of nontrivial (weak) priorities. However, we partially restore the earlier results by showing that from an ex-ante utility perspective, the Boston mechanism once again Pareto dominates any strategyproof mechanism (including DA), even allowing for arbitrary priority structures. Thus, we suggest ex-ante Pareto dominance as a criterion by which to compare school choice mechanisms. This criterion may be of interest to school district leaders, as they can be thought of as social planners whose goal is to maximize the overall ex-ante welfare of the students. From a policy perspective, school districts may have justification for the use the Boston mechanism over a strategyproof alternative, even with nontrivial priority structures.school choice, Boston mechanism, deferred acceptance, market design, weak priorities
Light-by-light scattering in Double-Logarithmic Approximation
In the present paper we consider the elastic 2 -> 2 -scattering of virtual
photons at high energies in the forward kinematics at zero and non-zero values
of t. Accounting for both gluon and quark double-logarithmic (DL) contributions
to all orders in the QCD coupling, we obtain explicit expressions for
amplitudes of this process in Double-Logarithmic Approximation (DLA). First we
keep the QCD coupling fixed and then account for running coupling effects.
Applying the saddle-point method to the obtained expressions for the scattering
amplitude, we calculate the high-energy asymptotics of the amplitude, which
proved to be of the Regge form. The Reggeon bears the vacuum quantum numbers
and therefore it is a new, DL contribution to Pomeron. Comparison of the DL
Pomeron to the BFKL Pomeron shows that contribution of the DL Pomeron to the
high-energy asymptotics is of the same order as contribution of the BFKL
Pomeron, so the DL Pomeron should be taken into account together with the BFKL
Pomeron. We estimate the applicability region for the asymptotics of the
light-by-light scattering amplitude, where the the DL Pomeron can reliably
represent the parent amplitude.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures. Multiple errors are corrected, 2 figs are added,
comparizon to BFKL is done in more detai
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