Application of the Heterogeneous System Prediction Method to Pattern Recognition Problem

* This work was financially supported by RFBR-04-01-00858.An application of the heterogeneous system prediction method to solving the problem pattern recognition with respect to the sample size is considered in this paper. The criterion of multivariate heterogeneous variable recognition is used in this approach. The relation of this criterion with probability of error is shown. For the fixed complexities of probability distribution and logical decision function class the examples of pattern recognition problem are presented

Detection of Logical-and-Probabilistic Correlation in Time Series

An application of the heterogeneous variables system prediction method to solving the time series analysis problem with respect to the sample size is considered in this work. It is created a logical-and-probabilistic correlation from the logical decision function class. Two ways is considered. When the information about event is kept safe in the process, and when it is kept safe in depending process

Application of the Multivariate Prediction Method to Time Series

* This work was financially supported by RFBR-04-01-00858.An approach to solving the problem of heterogeneous multivariate time series analysis with respect to the sample size is considered in this paper. The criterion of prediction multivariate heterogeneous variable is used in this approach. For the fixed complexities of probability distribution and logical decision function class the properties of this criterion are presented

Патоморфологические изменения телец Фатер-Пачини при ладонном фасциальном фиброматозе в зависимости от степени контрактуры Дюпюитрена

Background. World literature data indicate the involvement of Vater-Pacinian corpuscles in the pathogenesis of palmar fascial fibromatosis, but the information about their pathomorphological changes and histomorphometric characteristics is contradictory. Purpose a comparative analysis of qualitative and quantitative changes in Vater-Pacinian corpuscles in patients with Dupuytrens contracture of varying degrees. Methods. The analysis of case histories and material resected during operations from 100 patients with Dupuytrens contracture, was made. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 those with degree I-II contracture (n = 31), group 2 those with degree III-IV (n = 69). Histomorphometry of 122 Vater-Pacinian corpuscles, in which the cut plane passed through the central nucleus, was performed in paraffin and semi-thin sections of the patients surgical material. Results. At the time of the disease onset, the difference in age medians in the groups was not statistically significant. The age median at the time of surgery (group 1 56.0 years; group 2 61.0 years, p = 0.001) and the median of the disease duration (group 1 5.0 years; group 2 9.0 years, р = 0.006) were higher in group 2, the variability in the disease duration was comparable. As it has been established, Vater-Pacinian corpuscles undergo successive reactive-destructive changes in the form of death of the central axon, stratification of the capsule, inflammation, fibrosis, deformation and destruction. The number of corpuscles is greater (р = 0.040) in group 1 1 (0; 3) than in group 2 0 (0; 6). In group 2, the corpuscles have larger diameters (group 1 0.85 mm; group 2 0.96 mm, p = 0.072), more layers of the outer capsule (group 1 17; group 2 20, p = 0.032). Conclusions. In patients with Dupuytrens contracture, along with compensatory and adaptive changes in Vater-Pacinian corpuscles (hyperplasia and hypertrophy), their irreversible destructive changes develop, which, when the disease progresses to grade 3-4, lead to a loss in the number of bodies.Введение. Данные мировой литературы свидетельствуют о вовлечении телец Фатер-Пачини в патогенез ладонного фасциального фиброматоза, но сведения об их патоморфологических изменениях и гистоморфометрических характеристиках противоречивы. Цель исследования сравнительный анализ качественных и количественных изменений телец Фатер-Пачини у пациентов с контрактурой Дюпюитрена разной степени. Материал и методы. Проведен анализ историй болезни и резецированного во время операций материала от 100 пациентов с контрактурой Дюпюитрена, распределенных на две группы: группа 1 с контрактурой III ст. (n = 31), группа 2 IIIIV ст. (n = 69). В парафиновых и полутонких срезах операционного материала пациентов проведена гистоморфометрия 122 телец Фатер-Пачини, в которых плоскость среза прошла через центральное ядро. Результаты. На момент начала заболевания различие медиан возраста в группах статистически незначимо. Медиана возраста на момент операции (группа 1 56,0 лет; группа 2 61,0 год; р = 0,001) и медиана давности заболевания (группа 1 5,0 лет; группа 2 9,0 лет; р = 0,006) больше в группе 2, вариативность давности заболевания сопоставима. Установлено, что тельца Фатер-Пачини претерпевают последовательные реактивно-деструктивные изменения в виде гибели центрального аксона, расслоения капсулы, воспаления, фиброза, деформации и деструкции. Количество телец больше (р = 0,040) в группе 1 1 (0; 3), чем в группе 2 0 (0; 6). В группе 2 тельца имеют большие диаметры (группа 1 0,85 мм; группа 2 0,96 мм; р = 0,072) и большее количество слоев наружной капсулы (группа 1 17; группа 2 20; р = 0,032). Заключение. У пациентов с контрактурой Дюпюитрена наряду с компенсаторно-приспособительными изменениями телец (гиперплазия и гипертрофия) развиваются их необратимые деструктивные изменения, которые при прогрессировании заболевания до IIIIV ст. приводят к потере численности телец

Сравнительная клинико-патоморфологическая характеристика контрактуры Дюпюитрена у мужчин и женщин

Background. The data available in the literature on the features of the clinical course and functional prognosis of Dupuytren`s disease in women is contradictory, there are no data on comparative pathomorphological studies of palmar fibromatosis in men and women.The aim of the study was to identify possible differences in the clinical and pathomorphological characteristics of Dupuytren`s disease in men and women.Materials and Methods. 228 cases of men and 39 women (6:1) who underwent fasciectomy in 2013–2019 period were analyzed. Histomorphometry of paraffin sections of the patient`s palmar fascia specimens of 24 men and 24 women was performed.Results. Men ranged in age from 26 to 83, the median age is 3 years more in women (p0.001), but the median age of Dupuytren`s disease debut is 2 years less in women (p0.001). The frequency of contractures of the 3rd–4th degree was 35.9% in the group of women and 65% in the group of men (p0.001). In the group of women the frequency of both hands involvement is 15.2% higher, I–III fingers involvement is 8.7% higher, recurrent contracture is 11.1% higher (p0.1). Histomorphometric analysis of the patient`s palmar fascia specimens showed that women compared to men had 10.23% less adipose tissue (p0.001), 7.87% less dense connective tissue (p0.05), but the proportion of hyperplastic connective tissue was 20.31% higher.Conclusion. Dupuytren`s disease is less common in women, than men. Women seek surgical treatment earlier than men. The tendency to functional limitations intensification and the risk of recurrence in women is associated with higher expression of hyperplastic changes in the fascial structures of the hand.Введение. Имеющиеся в литературе сведения об особенностях клинического течения и функциональном прогнозе контрактуры Дюпюитрена у женщин противоречивы, отсутствуют данные сравнительных количественных патоморфологических исследований фиброматоза у мужчин и женщин.Цель исследования — выявить возможные отличия в клинико-патоморфологических характеристиках контрактуры Дюпюитрена у мужчин и женщин.Материал и методы. Проанализировано 228 историй болезни мужчин и 39 — женщин (6:1), прооперированных по поводу контрактуры Дюпюитрена в период 2013–2019 гг. Проведена гистоморфометрия парафиновых срезов операционного материала 24 мужчин и 24 женщин.Результаты. Возраст мужчин варьировал от 26 до 83 лет, возраст женщин — от 48 до 75 лет, медиана возраста на 3 года больше у женщин (p0,001), но медиана давности ладонного фасциального фиброматоза на 2 года меньше в группе женщин (p0,001). Частота контрактур 3–4-й степени составила 35,9% в группе женщин и 65% — в группе мужчин (p0,001). В группе женщин на 15,2% больше частота поражения обеих рук, на 8,7% больше частота поражения I–III пальцев и на 11,1% больше частота обращений по поводу рецидива контрактуры (p0,1). Гистоморфометрический анализ тканевого состава операционного материала показал, что у женщин по сравнению с мужчинами на 10,23% меньше жировой ткани (p0,001), на 7,87% меньше плотной соединительной ткани (p0,05), но доля гиперпластической соединитель- ной ткани больше на 20,31%.Заключение. Контрактура Дюпюитрена у женщин встречается существенно реже, чем у мужчин. Женщины обращаются за хирургической помощью раньше, чем мужчины. Тенденция к более значительному функциональному дефициту и риску рецидивирования у женщин связана с более выраженными гиперпластическими изменениями фасциальных структур кисти

Обнаружение грибов в ладонном апоневрозе при контрактуре Дюпюитрена методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии

The purpose of the study was to determine the capabilities of scanning electron and light microscopy in detecting fungi in surgical material from the patients with Dupuytren’s contracture. Material and Methods. The fragments of palmar aponeurosis from 27 patients with Dupuytren’s contracture were examined. Paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Periodic Schiff-Methenamine Silver were digitized using AxioScope.A1 microscope (Carl Zeiss Micro Imaging GmbH, Germany). For examination in JSM-840 scanning electron microscope (Jeol, Japan), the samples were dehydrated after fixation, soaked in camphene, dried, and silver sprayed in the IB-6 ionizer (Eiko, Japan). Results. In paraffin sections stained with methenamine-silver, the signs of mycotic microbiota were detected only in 2 (7.4%) of 27 patients, and with the use scanning electron microscopy — in 16 patients (59%). The morphological phenotypes and ultrastructure of intercellular contacts of yeast-like fungi were similar to Candida albicans. In all cases, the budding cells were detected. The destruction of the connective tissue of the palmar aponeurosis was observed in the form of loosening, stratification, and cavities formation (the zones of lysis). Conclusion. The scanning electron microscopy allowed to evaluate the ultrastructure of fungal cells and their interaction with surrounding tissues in the surgical material from the patients with Dupuytren’s contracture. A higher percentage of detection of fungal invasion compared to the Periodic Schiff-Methenamine staining was associated with a higher resolution and the ability of a larger area of tissue samples analysis.Цель исследования — определить возможности световой и сканирующей электронной микроскопии (СЭМ) в обнаружении грибов в операционном материале от пациентов с контрактурой Дюпюитрена. Материал и методы. Исследовали фрагменты ладонного апоневроза от 27 пациентов с контрактурой Дюпюитрена. Для исследования в СЭМ JSM-840 (Jeol, Япония) образцы после фиксации обезвоживали, пропитывали в камфене, высушивали, напыляли серебром в ионном напылителе IB-6 (Eiko, Япония). Парафиновые срезы, окрашенные гематоксилином и эозином и метенамин-серебром P.A.S.M. оцифровывали с помощью микроскопа AxioScope.A1 (Carl Zeiss Micro Imaging GmbH, Германия). Результаты. При окрашивании парафиновых срезов метенамин-серебром P.A.S.M. признаки микотической микрофлоры выявлены только у двух (7,4%) из 27 пациентов, а с применением метода СЭМ — у 16 пациентов (59%). Морфологические фенотипы и ультраструктура межклеточных контактов дрожжеподобных грибов сходны с Candida albicans. Во всех случаях обнаружены почкующиеся клетки. Деструкция соединительной ткани ладонного апоневроза проявлялась в виде разрыхления, расслоения и формирования полостей — зон лизиса. Заключение. Метод СЭМ позволил оценить ультраструктуру клеток грибов и их взаимодействие с окружающими тканями в операционном материале от пациентов с контрактурой Дюпюитрена. Более высокий процент выявления грибковой инвазии по сравнению с методом P.A.S.M. связан с более высокой разрешающей способностью и возможностью анализа большей площади тканевых образцов

Automatic Lexical Access in Visual Modality: Eye-Tracking Evidence

Language processing has been suggested to be partially automatic, with some studies suggesting full automaticity and attention independence of at least early neural stages of language comprehension, in particular, lexical access. Existing neurophysiological evidence has demonstrated early lexically specific brain responses (enhanced activation for real words) to orthographic stimuli presented parafoveally even under the condition of withdrawn attention. These studies, however, did not control participants’ eye movements leaving a possibility that they may have foveated the stimuli, leading to overt processing. To address this caveat, we recorded eye movements to words, pseudowords, and non-words presented parafoveally for a short duration while participants performed a dual non-linguistic feature detection task (color combination) foveally, in the focus of their visual attention. Our results revealed very few saccades to the orthographic stimuli or even to their previous locations. However, analysis of post-experimental recall and recognition performance showed above-chance memory performance for the linguistic stimuli. These results suggest that partial lexical access may indeed take place in the presence of an unrelated demanding task and in the absence of overt attention to the linguistic stimuli. As such, our data further inform automatic and largely attention-independent theories of lexical access

Perceptual Organization in Vision: Emergent Features in Two-Line Space

What exactly are the "parts" that make up the whole object, and how and when do they group? The answer that is proposed hinges on Emergent Features: features that materialize from the configuration which make the object more discriminable from other objects. EFs are not possessed by any individual part and are processed as or more quickly than are the properties of the parts. The present experiments focus on visual discrimination of two-line configurations in an odd-quadrant task. RT data were obtained and compared with a prediction based on the number of EF differences in the odd quadrant (the higher the number of EF differences, the faster the discrimination was predicted). The results suggest that the EFs most responsible for the variations in RT might be lateral endpoint offset, intersections, parallelism, connectivity, number of terminators, and pixel count. Future directions include investigating the individual contributions and salience of EFs

On Certain Aspects of Dembo-Rubinstein Method of Self-esteem Measurement

AbstractA variety of techniques for studying self-esteem and a wide range of studies reflect the high importance of this phenomenon at all stages of ontogeny, especially in the period of growth and development. One of the most common approaches to self-esteem measurement is the scale of Dembo-Rubinstein. Currently Dembo-Rubinstein scale has several different modifications. According to one of them subjects are asked about both their actual self-esteem and its desired level. It is assumed that in this way the level of individual claims can be estimated. The aim of the following research is to assess the correlation between the actual and desired levels of self-esteem and on this basis to draw the conclusion concerning the usefulness of this modification of the method

Computing Tensor Generalized bilateral inverses

We introduce tensor generalized bilateral inverses (TGBIs) under the Einstein tensor product as an extension of generalized bilateral inverses (GBIs) in the matrix environment. Moreover, the TBGI class includes so far considered composite generalized inverses (CGIs) for matrices and tensors. Applications of TBGIs for solving multilinear systems are presented. The characterizations and representations of TGBI were studied and verified using a specific algebraic approach. Further, a few characterizations of known CGIs (such as CMP, DMP, MPD, MPCEP, and CEPMP) are derived. The main properties of the TGBIs ware exploited and verified through numerical examples.Comment: 18 page