Current Research in Information Security and Privacy

This paper reviews a range of current MIS research literature to identify research topics in information security and privacy. Results of this study indicate IT security provides the basis of current research in the area of information security and privacy. The results of this study reveal limited research in this area, particularly at the organizational level. One conclusion is that this lack of research results from organizational unwillingness to share information and statistics on security. Another conclusion is that research is needed in the area of information privacy. One area of future research may be organizational privacy policies. Two particular areas of interest may be user perceptions of privacy policies and opt-in/opt-out policies and procedures. Additionally, research related to individuals’ concern for information privacy may be less problematic to study than organizational security issues. Research in this area is important because user concern for information privacy has the potential to affect the future of e-commerce

The theory of forms and Plato's ethics

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.The aims of this dissertation are to uncover and analyse potential links between ethics and metaphysics - specifically, the theory of Forms - in the dialogues of Plato. Drawing on material from a wide range of Plato 's works, I investigate possible ways in which his theory of Forms might, at a very general level, converge with his moral theory

They Can’t Take that Away from Me: An Indemnification Solution to Unmerited VARA Claims

This Note argues that market participants should be indemnified against legally baseless revocations of attribution by living artists. Noland justifies her disavowals under the Visual Artists Rights Act of 1990 (“VARA”), the American answer to the French concept of droit moral or moral rights.8 Moral rights provide artists with control over the integrity and attribution of their art even after it has been sold. In a narrow set of circumstances, VARA permits a living artist to disavow her works if they have been modified so extensively as to be prejudicial to the artist’s reputation (excepting changes caused by aging or conservation).9 But there is a dearth of case law defining terms like modification, prejudice, and reputation. Even among Noland’s disavowals there is variation: she revoked authorship of the aluminum print Cowboys Milking because she perceived wear on its corners, and of the wooden building façade Log Cabin because conservators allegedly rebuilt the entire piece without permission.10 Noland is one of relatively few artists to bring lawsuits under VARA, and research for this Note has uncovered no cases of an owner or other stakeholder suing an artist for improperly invoking VARA. Even if a party were to sue Noland for abusing VARA and successfully obtain an injunction forcing her to legally affirm authorship of a work, this would likely not remedy the market damage caused by her public disavowal. No matter the conclusion of a court, collectors are unlikely to invest millions of dollars in art unsupported by its creator. Unfortunately, moral rights law in the United States has not yet addressed this situation. This Note proposes that the indemnification solutions contained in the droit moral provide a possible solution to the problems that result when an artist disavows her art without legal cause

Bloody Foundation? Ethical and Legal Implications of (Not) Removing the Equestrian Statue of Theodore Roosevelt at the American Museum of Natural History

On October 26, 2017, protestors calling themselves the Monument Removal Brigade (“MRB”) splashed red paint on the base of a statue of Theodore Roosevelt outside the American Museum of Natural History (“AMNH,” “Museum,” or “Natural History Museum”) in New York City as a form of public protest art. This 1939 sculpture by American artist James Earle Fraser (the “Equestrian Statue of Theodore Roosevelt” or “Equestrian Statue”) portrays the twenty-sixth president of the United States sitting upon a horse, flanked on either side by a standing African man and Native American man intended to represent their respective continents. On its anonymous blog, MRB called for the statue’s removal and claimed, “[t]he true damage lies with patriarchy, white supremacy, and settler-colonialism embodied by the statue.” The Mayoral Advisory Commission on City Art, Monuments, and Markers (the “Commission”) conducted a study of controversial monuments on public land in New York City and was unable to agree on an appropriate fate for the AMNH statue; for this reason, it has remained in place for the time being. In July of 2019, the AMNH opened a special exhibition entitled Addressing the Statue. This AMNH protest occurred within a larger national conversation about the place of public monuments, especially those commemorating leaders of the Confederacy. But the current debate often lacks scholarly rigor, with little consideration of the history, intention, or artistic merit of the monuments in question, or the federal, state, local, and administrative laws governing their removal or modification. This Article draws upon the disciplines of art history, museum studies, and the law to contextualize the AMNH Equestrian Statue and expand upon the Commission’s and AMNH’s analyses to develop a suggested framework for considering controversial monuments in the future

Book-to-market ratio and returns on the JSE

Many firm-specific attributes or characteristics are understood to be proxies for what Fama and French (1992: p428) refer to as “the unnamed sources of risk”. Perhaps the most notorious of these is the size of the firm or its market value, first documented by Banz (1981). The relationship between size and average returns has become known as the “size effect”.KIM201

Etuaptmumk (Two-Eyed Seeing) and Ethical Space: Ways to Disrupt Health Researchers’ Colonial Attraction to a Singular Biomedical Worldview

Indigenous research on Turtle Island has existed for millennia, where knowledge(s) to work with the land and its inhabitants are available for next generations. These knowledge systems exist today but are rarely viewed as valid biomedical ‘facts’ and so are silenced. When Indigenous knowledge is solicited within health research, the knowledge system is predominantly an ‘add-on’ or is assimilated into Western understandings. We discuss disrupting this colonial state for nurse researchers. Two concepts rooted in Indigenous teachings and knowledges, Etuaptmumk (Two-Eyed Seeing) and Ethical Space, shed light on ways to disrupt health researchers’ attraction to a singular worldview which continue to privilege Western perspectives. Knowledge rooted in diverse knowledge systems is required to challenge colonial relations in health research and practice. A synergy between Etuaptmumk and Ethical Space can support working with both Indigenous and biomedical knowledge systems in health research and enhance reconciliation

The Effects of Race-Related Rejection Sensitivity on Detection of Emotion in Faces

Research has indicated that both implicit and explicit forms of racial rejection can have adverse effects on psychological, physiological, and cognitive health. As a defense to various forms of discrimination, minority group members, such as Black/African Americans, may expect to be rejected because of their race in certain situations. This is termed race-based rejection sensitivity (RS-race). The goal of this study, was to determine whether the extent of a minority group members’ RS-race was associated with differential ascriptions of positive and negative emotions in Black and White faces. To address this, 121 Black/African American participants were recruited for an online study. Participants completed an RS-race questionnaire measure, and then completed a task wherein they classified various versions of Black and White faces that expressed two different percentages (intensities) of happiness or anger. Interestingly, higher RS-Race scores were associated with higher anger ratings for White faces, a trend not found for Black faces. However, there was no association between RS-race scores and the detection of happiness on Black or White faces. Participants detected happiness on White faces at higher intensities, significantly more than those at lower intensities. However, participants detected an even greater significant difference between Black faces at higher intensities and Black faces at lower intensities. The combination of null and significant results highlights the importance of future research in disentangling the link between RS-race and emotion detection. Keywords: Race-Based Rejection Sensitivity (RS-Race), Emotion DetectionBachelor of Scienc

Exploring the contribution of educational psychology services to children in care: towards a framework for trauma-informed educational psychology practice

The aim of this research is to contribute to the growing literature for how educational psychology services can support the outcomes of care experienced children and young people. Outcomes for children in care have been well documented and include educational under-attainment, under-representation in further education, over-representation in the criminal justice system, as well as a high prevalence of special educational needs and mental health disorders. By way of background to the present research, a systematic review of literature is presented, identifying the key features and components of interventions that support trauma-experienced children and young people in school. Rationale for the present study and research questions is offered. Data was extracted from the psychological reports of 36 children in care (aged 5 – 15) written by educational psychologists between 2017 and 2022. Qualitative document analysis explored the assessment methods, psychological formulations and recommended provision. Findings reveal (a) the range of assessment methods undertaken, (b) the psychological formulations offered to guide professionals in developing understanding of trauma-experiences and their impact on learning and related behaviours, and (c) the common themes in respect of recommended education provision for improving learning and wellbeing outcomes for this population. Findings are considered in relation to wider research for trauma-sensitive classroom practice. Implications for research and practice are considered with the introduction of a proposed framework for practice that may be helpful to educational psychologists working with children in care