Infinite dimensional differential games with hybrid controls

A two-person zero-sum infinite dimensional differential game of infinite duration with discounted payoff involving hybrid controls is studied. The minimizing player is allowed to take continuous, switching and impulse controls whereas the maximizing player is allowed to take continuous and switching controls. By taking strategies in the sense of Elliott--Kalton, we prove the existence of value and characterize it as the unique viscosity solution of the associated system of quasi-variational inequalities

A Comparative Study to Assess the Competency among Nurses in Giving Neonatal Skin Care in Selected Government and Private Hospitals in Delhi and to Disseminate TNAI Guidelines 2017 on Neonatal Skin Care

Neonatal skin care is an important clinical concern for nurses who care for newborns, including well, fullterm, healthy premature and extremely premature neonates. Skin performs a vital role in the newborn period. It provides a protective barrier that assists in the prevention of infection, facilitates thermoregulation and helps control insensible water loss and electrolyte balance. Other functions include tactile sensation and protection against toxins. Routine care practices including bathing, application of monitoring devices, intravenous (IV) catheter insertion and removal, tape application, and exposure to potentially toxic substances disrupt the normal barrier function and predispose both premature and term newborn to skin injury. The skin of the full-term newborn is coated with vernix caseosa, a cheese-like substance that contains sebum from sebaceous glands, broken-off lanugo and desquamated cells from amnion, as well as water. Skin care practices play an important role in the health of well newborns and hospitalized neonates. Fortunately, for many aspects of neonatal skin care, there exit evidence or consensus-based recommendations to guide best practices

Impact of Edutainment Programme in Developing Life Skills with Specific Reference to Critical and Creative Thinking among Adolescent Students of Chattisgarh State

This study examined the influence of teaching methods, relevance, and effect of edutainment on the development of life skills. Using an Experimental research paradigm, the study compared the F values of Pre-test and Post-test of both Control and Experimental groups to know the influence of different variables on each other. The study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Bastar district, Chattisgarh demonstrated that the means of edutainment used such as brainstorming sessions, games, screening of Hindi movie „Siddharth‟, and group discussions to convey subject matters like Human Rights, especially Rights of Children, were successful in developing both positive and creative thinking in them. The level of achievement using edutainment was more among Government school students, both in rural and urban areas

Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise for the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence (UI) among Women in a Selected Community of New Delhi

Introduction: UI is one among the commonest problem faced by the women. The prevalence of UI worldwide ranges from 10% to 40%. It is a chronic condition which carries an enormous stigma. This stigma and lack of knowledge on urinary incontinence and the importance of performing pelvic floor exercises adversely affects the health in women. Pelvic floor muscle exercise is the most preferred method in managing urinary incontinence in all age groups and it is a non-Pharmacological, non-invasive method which in addition to that it is an easy method to practice and economical to follow by all age groups.The researcher felt the need to do the study on the effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise (PFME) for the treatment of Urinary Incontinence (UI) among women in a selected community of New Delhi with the objectives:• To assess the Pre- test urinary incontinence in Control & Experimental group.• To Implement the Pelvic floor Muscle Exercise on Experimental group.• To assess the Post –test urinary incontinence in control & experimental group.• To assess the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle exercises in treatment of urinary incontinence.Materials and Methods: An experimental study with pre-test and post-test control group design was used for the study. The study was conducted in Sangam Vihar community. The total population of the study consisted of women in the age group of 50-70 years having Urinary Incontinence. Systematic random sampling technique was adopted to select 60 women who met the inclusion criteria; 30 in experimental group and 30 in control group. Pre and post intervention (Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise) Urinary Incontinence was assessed in the group with the help of Standardized assessment tool ICIQ-LUTS long form & 1 hour Pad testing.Result: The findings of the study revealed that in experimental group there was a significant reduction in the mean difference score of urinary tract symptoms from pre-test -post test mean difference score of (2.20) with the SD of (4.131) when compared to the control group where mean difference score was ( -0.37) with the SD (1.829). The t value was computed and found to be 3.112 which was greater than the table value of 2.00 at df (58) at 0.05 level of significance. The mean difference score proved that the pelvic floor muscle exercise was effective in reducing the symptoms in experimental group as compared to control group. There was significant reduction in the mean difference score of impact of urinary tract symptoms (20.63) with the SD of (30.07) in the experimental group when compared to the control groups where mean difference score was (1.566) with the SD of (6.806). The t value was computed and found to be 3.391 which was greater than the table value of 2.00 at df (58) at 0.05 level of significance. The mean difference score of pad weight was (0.156) with the SD (0.292) in the experimental group where in control group mean difference score was (-0.010) with the SD of 0.257. The t value was computed and found to be 2.343 which was greater than the table value of 2.00 at df (58) at 0.05 level of significance, showing that PFME was effective in the treatment of UI in experimental group.Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that the Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise is effective in treatment of Urinary Incontinence among women in the age group of 50 to 70 years

3-Lead to 12-Lead ECG Reconstruction: A Novel AI-based Spatio-Temporal Method

Diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases usually relies on the widely used standard 12-Lead (S12) ECG system. However, such a system could be bulky, too resource-intensive, and too specialized for personalized home-based monitoring. In contrast, clinicians are generally not trained on the alternative proposal, i.e., the reduced lead (RL) system. This necessitates mapping RL to S12. In this context, to improve upon traditional linear transformation (LT) techniques, artificial intelligence (AI) approaches like long short-term memory (LSTM) networks capturing non-linear temporal dependencies, have been suggested. However, LSTM does not adequately interpolate spatially (in 3D). To fill this gap, we propose a combined LSTM-UNet model that also handles spatial aspects of the problem, and demonstrate performance improvement. Evaluated on PhysioNet PTBDB database, our LSTM-UNet achieved a mean R^2 value of 94.37%, surpassing LSTM by 0.79% and LT by 2.73%. Similarly, for PhysioNet INCARTDB database, LSTM-UNet achieved a mean R^2 value of 93.91%, outperforming LSTM by 1.78% and LT by 12.17%.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 Table

Sleep Distracters in Hospitalized Clients

Sleep is a basic human need. It is a state of rest accompanied by altered consciousness. Although the exact function of sleep is unclear, people spend one third of their lives asleep.Proper sleep is important to health as good nutrition. Sleep is required for many reasons: to rest mind and body, to prevent fatigue, to conserve energy, to cope with daily stress. Inadequate amount of sleep decreases the concentration, ability to make judgment, and increases irritability. It promotes proper day time functioning.When people are admitted to the hospitals several things change for example, ordinary daily routines are disrupted by a hospital admission which includes eating habits, elimination pattern and also the sleep-wake pattern.Some commonly seen sleep disturbing factors in the hospitals can be broadly classified into three categories. Environmental factors such as noises made by machines, door footsteps of visitors, very bright or dim light in the rooms.Physical Factors such as physical pain, nausea, coughing, difficulty in breathing, ways of drug administration. Psychological factors such as change in environment, financial burden, care of family members at home, outcome of the disease, fear of death etc. Nurses , because of their 24-hour contact with patients is in the best position to recognize and resolve or alleviate these sleep problems.There are some of the strategies that can be used by nurses to eliminate such factors and promote healthy sleep included in the present article