METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF THE NEED FOR ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE AS BEING OPPORTUNE

In conditiile in care lumea actuala este intr-o continua schimbare, iar ritmul in care au loc aceste schimbari este unul foarte rapid, e vital ca organizatiile sa constientizeze necesitatea si oportunitatea schimbarilor, inainte ca rezultatele sau performantele lor sa scada. Cu toate ca auzim mereu vorbinduse despre schimbare, acest concept ridica in continuare numeroase intrebari si probleme, iar managerii organizatiilor au dificultati in ceea ce priveste identificarea schimbarilor care ar trebui sa fie facute in cadrul organizatiei lor, elaborarea unui plan de actiune in vederea realizarii schimbarii si gestionarea intregului proces de schimbare. Fara a schimba mereu si fara a se adapta noilor cerinte ale pietei, care in urma procesului de globalizare nu mai include doar piata locala ci si pe cea internationala, organizatiile nu vor putea supravietui si nu vor fi eficiente si eficace in vederea atingerii performantei. Scopul acestei lucrari este de a sublinia importanta identificarii oportune a schimbarilor pentru succesul oricarei organizatii, prin prezentarea modalitatilor de recunoastere a acestora de catre manageri sau de catre proprietarii firmei, in vederea gestionarii eficiente a resurselor rare si pentru a obtine rezultate bune pe termen lung. In vederea identificarii oportunitaii nevoii de schimbare se recomanda analiza mediului ambiant, pornind de la factorii interni si externi organizatiei, pentru a vedea influenta pe care acestia o manifesta, astfel incat organizatia sa realizeze acele schimbari reactive, de adaptare la mediu, sau dimpotriva sa promoveze schimbarile de tip proactiv care fac ca organizatia sa influenteze mediul si nu invers. Indiferent de tipul de schimbare care are loc intr-o organizatie este important de subliniat faptul ca aceasta trebuie sa atraga cu sine un progres, astfel ca managerii de varf, care au o viziune mult mai clara asupra organizatiei in ansamblul ei, trebuie sa promoveze doar acele schimbari care duc la rezultate superioare celor inregistrate inainte de demararea procesului de schimbare.schimbare organizationala, oportunitatea nevoii de schimbare, procesul de schimbare, factori interni, factori externi

Rational Conformal Field Theories With G_2 Holonomy

We study conformal field theories for strings propagating on compact, seven-dimensional manifolds with G_2 holonomy. In particular, we describe the construction of rational examples of such models. We argue that analogues of Gepner models are to be constructed based not on N=1 minimal models, but on Z_2 orbifolds of N=2 models. In Z_2 orbifolds of Gepner models times a circle, it turns out that unless all levels are even, there are no new Ramond ground states from twisted sectors. In examples such as the quintic Calabi-Yau, this reflects the fact that the classical geometric orbifold singularity can not be resolved without violating G_2 holonomy. We also comment on supersymmetric boundary states in such theories, which correspond to D-branes wrapping supersymmetric cycles in the geometry.Comment: 20 pages, harvmac(b); v2: ref. adde

Brane-Bulk Duality and Non-conformal Gauge Theories

We discuss non-conformal gauge theories from type IIB D3-branes embedded in orbifolded space-times. Such theories can be obtained by allowing some non-vanishing logarithmic twisted tadpoles. In certain cases with N=0,1 supersymmetry correlation functions in the planar limit are the same as in the parent N=2 supersymmetric theories. In particular, the effective action in such theories perturbatively is not renormalized beyond one loop in the planar limit. In the N=2 as well as such N=0,1 theories quantum corrections in the D3-brane gauge theories are encoded in the corresponding classical higher dimensional field theories whose actions contain the twisted fields with non-vanishing tadpoles. We argue that this duality can be extended to the non-perturbative level in the N=2 theories. We give some evidence that this might also be the case for N=0,1 theories as well.Comment: 36 pages, revtex; minor misprints corrected, references added (to appear in JHEP