1,364 research outputs found
Growing partially directed self-avoiding walks
A partially directed self-avoiding walk model with the 'kinetic growth' weighting is solved exactly, on the square lattice and for two restricted, strip geometries. Some finite-size effects are examined
Dynamics of Nonequilibrium Deposition with Diffusional Relaxation
Models of adhesion of extended particles on linear and planar substrates are
of interest in interpreting surface deposition in colloid, polymer, and certain
biological systems. An introduction is presented to recent theoretical advances
in modeling these processes. Effects of diffusional relaxation are surveyed in
detail, including results obtained by analytical, large-scale numerical,
mean-field and scaling approaches.Comment: Review article to appear in Annual Reviews in Computational Physics;
24 pages in plain TeX + 4 PostScript figure
Initial Decoherence of Open Quantum Systems
We present a new short-time approximation scheme for evaluation of
decoherence. At low temperatures, the approximation is argued to apply at
intermediate times as well. It then provides a tractable approach complementary
to Markovian-type approximations, and is appropriate for evaluation of
deviations from pure states in quantum computing models.Comment: 24 pages in plain Te
Topics in Quantum Dynamics and Coherence for Quantum Information Processing
We outline selected trends and results in theoretical modeling of quantum
systems in support of the developing research field of quantum information
processing. The resulting modeling tools have been applied to semiconductor
materials and nanostructures that show promise for implementation of coherent,
controlled quantum dynamics at the level of registers of several quantum bits
(qubits), such as spins. Many-body field-theoretical techniques have been
utilized to address a spectrum of diverse research topics. Specifically, the
theory of decoherence and more generally the origin and effects of quantum
noise and the loss of entanglement in quantum dynamics of qubits and
several-qubit registers has been advanced. Qubit coupling mechanisms via the
indirect exchange interaction have been investigated, and quantum computing
designs have been evaluated for scalability. We outline general and specific
research challenges, the solution of which will advance the field of modeling
"open quantum systems" to further our understanding of how environmental
influences affect quantum coherence and its loss during quantum dynamics
Exact Results for 1D Conserved Order Parameter Model
Recent exact results for a particle-exchange model on a linear lattice, with
only irreversible moves reducing the local energy allowed, are reviewed. This
model describes a zero-temperature Kawasaki-type phase separation process which
reaches a frozen, initial-condition-dependent state at large times.Comment: nine pages, plain Te
Fluctuating Interfaces, Surface Tension, and Capillary Waves: An Introduction
We present an introduction to modern theories of interfacial fluctuations and
the associated interfacial parameters: surface tension and surface stiffness,
as well as their interpretation within the capillary wave model. Transfer
matrix spectrum properties due to fluctuation of an interface in a
long-cylinder geometry are reviewed. The roughening transition and properties
of rigid interfaces below the roughening temperature in 3d lattice models are
surveyed with emphasis on differences in fluctuations and transfer matrix
spectral properties of rigid vs. rough interfaces.Comment: 21 page
Morphology of Fine-Particle Monolayers Deposited on Nanopatterned Substrates
We study the effect of the presence of a regular substrate pattern on the
irreversible adsorption of nanosized and colloid particles. Deposition of disks
of radius is considered, with the allowed regions for their center
attachment at the planar surface consisting of square cells arranged in a
square lattice pattern. We study the jammed state properties of a generalized
version of the random sequential adsorption model for different values of the
cell size, , and cell-cell separation, . The model shows a surprisingly
rich behavior in the space of the two dimensionless parameters
and . Extensive Monte Carlo simulations for system sizes of
square lattice unit cells were performed by utilizing an
efficient algorithm, to characterize the jammed state morphology.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, 3 table
Three-Dimensional Percolation Modeling of Self-Healing Composites
We study the self-healing process of materials with embedded "glue"-carrying
cells, in the regime of the onset of the initial fatigue. Three-dimensional
numerical simulations within the percolation-model approach are reported. The
main numerical challenge taken up in the present work, has been to extend the
calculation of the conductance to three-dimensional lattices. Our results
confirm the general features of the process: The onset of the material fatigue
is delayed, by developing a plateau-like time-dependence of the material
quality. We demonstrate that in this low-damage regime, the changes in the
conductance and thus, in similar transport/response properties of the material
can be used as measures of the material quality degradation. A new feature
found for three dimensions, where it is much more profound than in
earlier-studied two-dimensional systems, is the competition between the healing
cells. Even for low initial densities of the healing cells, they interfere with
each other and reduce each other's effective healing efficiency.Comment: 15 pages in PDF, with 6 figure
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