Teaching Power as an Inconvenient but Imperative Dimension of Critical Leadership Development

A central focus of critical leadership development involves identifying and understanding how power flows through society. This requires a complex understanding of social systems. This chapter explores how leadership educators can more explicitly integrate learning related to power dynamics into leadership development initiatives.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144248/1/yd20299_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144248/2/yd20299.pd

Articulated learning trajectories related to the development of algebraic thinking that follow from patterning concepts in middle grades mathematics

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on May 27, 2010).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Douglas A. Grouws.Vita.Ph. D. University of Missouri--Columbia 2010.The construct of an articulated learning trajectory (ALT) was conceived of and defined to provide a lens through which to view and analyze content development in middle grades mathematics textbooks. The ALTs identified and described were used to characterize the development of patterning and sequence concepts as they relate to algebraic thinking in four middle grades textbook series. The perspectives of clarity, comprehensiveness, accuracy, depth of mathematical inquiry and reasoning, organization, and balance were considered in analyzing the mathematical development of these concepts. Comparisons based on the disciplinary perspectives showed key differences among the ALTs identified across textbooks, including the extent to which authors presented patterns in geometric versus numeric contexts. Mathematical sequences were not well defined in any of the textbook series. The nature of the ALTs identified and the differences in the ALTs across textbook series have implications for the development of pattern concepts leading to algebraic thinking.Includes bibliographical references

Intended Mathematics Curriculum as Represented in State-Level Curriculum Standards: Consensus or Confusion?

Full Report published by: Information Age Publishers. http://www.infoagepub.comThis report represents the first detailed analysis of the grade placement of particular learning goals across all state-level curriculum documents published and current as of May 2005. The report documents the current situation regarding grade-level mathematics curriculum specification in the U.S. and highlights a general lack of consensus across states. As states continue to work to improve learning opportunities for all students, we hope this report will serve as a useful summary to inform future curriculum decisions.This report is based on the work of the Center for the Study of Mathematics Curriculum, supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. ESI-0333879. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation

Palatability Traits of Sirloin Cap Steaks From Four USDA Quality Grades

Sirloin cap steaks from 4 different USDA quality grades were evaluated to determine the effect of marbling on eating experience. Top sirloin cap steaks (N = 60) of 4 different quality grades (Prime, Top Choice, Low Choice, and Select) were evaluated in the current study. Top sirloin butts were collected, and the biceps femoris was removed, trimmed, and sliced into twelve 2.54-cm-thick steaks. The steaks from each subprimal were aged for 28 d and designated for either trained sensory panels, consumer sensory panels, Warner-Bratzler shear force, or moisture and fat determination. The Prime steaks were rated the highest (P < 0.05) for overall liking and were higher (P < 0.05) for flavor liking than Low Choice and Select steaks within the consumer panels. However, all quality treatments were similar (P > 0.05) in juiciness and tenderness for the consumer panels. Additionally, a similar (P > 0.05) percentage of samples from each treatment were rated acceptable for tenderness, juiciness, flavor liking, and overall liking, with each trait having greater than 70% of samples rated acceptable. Also, Prime steaks were rated the highest (P < 0.05) for sustained juiciness and overall tenderness within the trained sensory panels. Similarly, Prime steaks were rated higher (P <0.05) for initial juiciness than the Low Choice and Select treatments but were similar (P > 0.05) to Top Choice. These results indicate that USDA quality grades impact the eating quality of sirloin cap steaks, especially within the Prime grade, and could provide an opportunity for refined marketing and added economic value for the cut

Biochemical Factors Affecting East Asian Consumers’ Sensory Preferences of Six Beef Shank Cuts

The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical factors affecting Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and East Asian consumers’ eating preferences of 6 different beef shank cuts cooked by moist heat. Six different beef shank muscles were collected from 12 USDA Choice beef carcasses (N = 72). Shank cuts from the left sides were cooked with moist heat and used for East Asian consumer sensory evaluation and WBSF, and shank cuts from the right sides were left uncooked and used for biochemical analysis and visual panels utilizing the same group of consumers. A correlation analysis was conducted to determine the driving factors that contributed to WBSF and East Asian consumers’ overall liking for beef shanks. Biceps brachii and flexor digitorum superficialis-pelvic received the greatest sensory overall liking, with deep digital flexor from the foreshank having the lowest scores (P < 0.01). Deep digital flexor from the foreshank had the greatest WBSF value, most cooked collagen content, and greatest insoluble collagen percentage as well as the greatest raw and cooked pyridinoline (PYD) densities among all the beef shank cuts (P < 0.05). For visual overall liking, shank cuts at approximately 700–750 g such as biceps brachii and extensor carpi radialis received the highest ratings (P < 0.01), and consumers indicated that there was no visual difference in surface color among the shank cuts (P > 0.10). Correlation analysis showed that cooked collagen content and insoluble collagen percentage as well as raw PYD densities had positive correlations with WBSF (P < 0.05) and negative correlations with consumer overall liking (P < 0.01). Surprisingly, collagen content from uncooked shank cuts did not have a direct relationship with consumers’ overall liking nor with WBSF. The results demonstrated that raw PYD density may be a great indicator for cooked beef tenderness in beef cuts with a high concentration of connective tissue prepared with moist heat cookery

Ebola in great apes – current knowledge, possibilities for vaccination and the implications for conservation and human health

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a threat to human health and the survival of African great apes. The disease has led to major population declines of chimpanzees and gorillas, and infected great apes play an important role as sources of human EVD outbreaks. The threat posed by EVD raises the question whether vaccination of wild apes is a possible strategy to reduce the occurence and impact of this disease. This article reviews the current knowledge about EVD in great apes and emphasizes the link between ape and human outbreaks. It discusses the need for control strategies such as vaccination and describes aspects of primate behavior, virus biology, vaccine composition, and vaccination principles that are necessary to consider when making management decisions about great ape vaccination. Finally, it identifies gaps in the understanding of Ebola ecology and highlights surveillance and research that can aid the survival of great apes and reduce human exposure to Ebola virus. The unpredictable emergence of Ebola viruses and the severe impact of EVD call for efficient monitoring and ultimately control of Ebola. This article provides a platform for further interdiciplinary discussions to decide on optimal management solutions regarding vaccination of great apes against Ebola

Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors in pediatric patients: The AIEOP (Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica) study

Objective: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCT) carry an excellent prognosis, and the treatment aims to achieve results with the least possible treatment-related morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of pediatric patients with MOGCT. Methods: Patients were treated according to their stage: surgery and surveillance for stage I; a modified bleomycin\u2013etoposide\u2013cisplatin (BEP) regimen for stages II (three cycles), III, and IV (three cycles) with surgery on residual disease. Results: Seventy-seven patients were enrolled (median age 11.8 years), 26 with dysgerminoma (Dysg), 13 with immature teratoma and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels (IT+AFP), and 38 with nondysgeminoma (Non-Dysg) staged as follows: 27 stage I, 13 stage II, 32 stage III, 5 stage IV. Among evaluable patients in stage I (5-year event-free survival [EFS] 72.1% [95% CI: 56.4\u201392.1%]; 5-year overall survival [OS] 100%), seven relapsed (three patients with Dysg and four patients with Non-Dysg) and were rescuedwith chemotherapy (plus surgery in three patients). Among the evaluable patients with stages II\u2013IV, 48 (98%) achieved complete remission after chemotherapy \ub1 surgery, one (IT + AFP, stage IV) had progressive disease. In the whole series (median follow-up 80 months), the 5-year OS and EFS were 98.5% (95% CI: 95.6\u2013100%) and 84.5% (95% CI: 76.5\u2013 93.5%). Conclusions:We confirm the excellent outcome for MOGCT. Robust data are lacking on surgical staging, surveillance for Non-Dysg with stage I, the management of IT + AFP, and the most appropriate BEP regimen. As pediatric oncologists,we support the role of surveillance after proper surgical staging providing cases are managed by experts at specialized pediatric centers

Antibodies to Nipah-Like Virus in Bats (Pteropus lylei), Cambodia

Serum specimens from fruit bats were obtained at restaurants in Cambodia. We detected antibodies cross-reactive to Nipah virus by enzyme immunoassay in 11 (11.5%) of 96 Lyle’s flying foxes (Pteropus lylei). Our study suggests that viruses closely related to Nipah or Hendra viruses are more widespread in Southeast Asia than previously documented

Evaluation of Beef Top Sirloin Steaks of Four Quality Grades Cooked to Three Degrees of Doneness

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of USDA quality grade on beef eating quality of top sirloin steaks when cooked to multiple degrees of doneness (DOD). Beef top sirloin butts (N = 60; 15/quality grade) were collected to equally represent 4 quality grades [Prime, Top Choice (modest00 to moderate100), Low Choice, and Select]. Steaks were assigned to 1 of 3 DOD: rare (60°C), medium (71°C), and well-done (77°C). Steaks were allocated to either consumer sensory analysis, trained sensory analysis, fat and moisture analysis, or Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF). There were no interactions (P > 0.05) for all consumer ratings of palatability traits, indicating increases in DOD had the same impact across all quality grades. Prime steaks had greater (P medium > well-done). There was a quality grade × DOD interaction (P medium > well-done). Lastly, there was no quality grade by DOD interaction (P > 0.05) for Warner-Bratzler shear force. These results indicate that regardless of the DOD top sirloin steaks are cooked to, quality grade had minimal impact on palatability. Therefore, it is unnecessary for consumers, retailers, and foodservice to pay premium prices for higher quality top sirloin steaks, as the same eating experience will be provided