Synthesis, Structural Characterization And Chromatographic Evaluation Of Silica Hydride-Based Perfluorinated Stationary Phase

Silica hydride based stationary phases have demonstrated unique selectivity and specificity for small sized polar molecules. The weakly hydrophobic nature of silica hydride is thought to be the key reason for its remarkable retention capabilities. Traditional stationary phases bonded with fluorine moieties have also exhibited enhanced retention of small polar molecules. In this research, a perfluorinated silica hydride stationary phase was synthesized by hydrosilation and silanization procedures. Chromatographic characterization of the newly packed column was carried out by a large number of retention studies. The separation capabilities of the column were evaluated in both the aqueous normal-phase (ANP) and reversed-phase (RP) modes. The perfluorinated silica hydride based column showed remarkable retention ability for RP and ANP modes of separation. Hydrophilic molecules were strongly retained in the ANP mode and hydrophobic molecules were retained in the RP mode. Effect of varying pH of mobile phase on the retention time was summarized. Use of acetone as non-polar solvent was demonstrated. In the conclusion, silica hydride based perfluorinated stationary phase successfully exhibited dual retention capability for polar and non-polar analytes

Cancer in Indian moslems

Moslems are the followers of Islam who, during the time of the Ghaznavid dynasty of Afghanistan, invaded India for the first time. Islam attaches equal importance to material and spiritual aspects of human life. Men and women have equal cultural rights. Marriage is positively enjoined and vigorously encouraged. Circumcision is compulsory before boys attain the age of 7. More than one wife (up to four) is permitted in Islamic Society. Differences in the habits, customs, and ethnic characteristics have all provided important leads for the study of cancer in this community. It is a sign of the times that some of the religious and social customs that were rigidly upheld by the older generations are rapidly giving way to "Modernism". Hence an attempt has been made to examine the differences found in the site-specific cancer risks in the Moslem community in Bombay. Analysis of the data was undertaken by sex- and age-adjusted and age-specific incidence rates. The common sites of cancer were found to vary greatly between the Moslem and non-Moslem populations of Greater Bombay. In Moslem men, the lung appears to be at highest risk, followed by the larynx, esophagus, tongue, and hypopharynx, whereas in non-Moslem men, the esophagus is the commonest site, followed by the lung, larynx, and tongue. In women, breast and cervix cancers, which rank first and second, respectively, in frequency in Moslems, reverse their positions in non-Moslem women

Spectrum of bone and soft tissue tumors in a tertiary cancer institute in Eastern india

Background: Bone and soft tissue tumours are uncommon tumours that can affect any age group. Soft tissue tumors are said to be heterogeneous group of mesenchymal malignancies. Primary bone sarcomas are rare tumors, comprising approximately 0.2% of all cancers. Their true incidence is difficult to estimate because of their rarity. The outcome of the disease depends on the age and time at diagnosis.Methods: A study was carried out in department of pathology in tertiary cancer institute in East India from December 2015 to September 2017. A total of 60 cases were included in the study. All age group patients with indoor admissions and review cases were included in this study. Only soft tissue and bone tumors were included in the study. Epithelial tumors metastasis to bone were excluded from our study. Clinical and radiological details of patients were noted along with gross specimen findings and microscopic examination of H and E stained slides. IHC was also carried out for confirmatory diagnosis. Aims and objectives was to study the histological spectrum of bone and soft tissue tumors in a tertiary cancer institute in Eastern India. Also, to study gender distribution and site distribution of bone and soft tissue tumors.Results: Out of the total 60 cases studied 24 cases were of bone and cartilaginous tumours and 36 cases included were of soft tissue tumors. Benign tumors comprised of 08 cases (13.3%) and malignant tumors accounted to 52 cases (86.7%). Age of the patients ranged from 10 to 80 years. Male female ratio was 1.4:1.Conclusions: Multimodal therapies of treatment are practiced for bone and soft tissue tumors. Early detection and treatment is essential for diagnosis of these malignant tumors. Molecular studies are most important in diagnosing, classifying and also prognosticating bone and soft tissue tumors

Cervical aspergillosis in a post-menopausal female: a case report

Fungal infections are commonly encountered in the female genital tract on routine cervical smear examination, the most common being candida. Cervico-vaginal aspergillosis infection is rarely reported. We report a case of aspergillus infection in an immunocompetent 55-year-old post-menopausal female who presented with white discharge per vaginum. Initially the cervical pap smears showed only inflammatory changes. On per speculum examination the cervix appeared congested and ulcerated. Cervical biopsy was performed which showed sheets and balls of aspergillus fungus with areas of necrosis. PAS staining further confirmed the diagnosis.  Serological tests performed were negative. Patient was started on antifungal and repeat biopsy from cervix did not show any fungal hyphae

Cancer in the Sindhi population of greater Bombay

The Sindhis are a Hindu subgroup identified by their place of origin and their written spoken language. These are the people who were originally inhabitants of the Province of Sind, which formed a part of the large Bombay Presidency in Undivided India before 1947. The Sindhi Hindus migrated en masse to India after partition. An attempt has been made here to examine the differences found in the site-specific cancer risks among the Sindhi community, the other Hindu groups (such as the Marathi and Gujrati populations) and the Parsi community of Greater Bombay. As the Indian Census Board does not provide age distribution details for the Sindhis, analysis of the data was undertaken employing frequency ratios. Age-standardized cancer ratios (ASCAR) were also utilized for certain calculations. The common sites of cancer appear to vary greatly between the total Bombay population and the Sindhi group. In Sindhi men, for example, cancers of the lung, large bowel, prostate, kidneys and leukemias are most commonly seen, whereas laryngeal and oesophageal cancers predominate in the general population of Bombay. In Sindhi women the breast, uterus, ovary, and skin are the preferred sites, whereas cancers of the cervix and leukemias are predominant in the general population of Bombay. It is interesting to note that there is a degree of similarity in the incidence of cancer at certain anatomical sites, such as the prostate, large intestine, and leukemias in males, and breast, cervix, ovary and uterus in females, between the Sindhi and Parsi communities of Greater Bombay