PAYING FOR SCHOOLING IN RURAL VIRGINIA

Community/Rural/Urban Development, Public Economics,

Global Education in Canadian Elementary Schools: An Exploratory Study

This article reports on the implementation of global education in Canadian element- ary schools. Curriculum analysis and 76 interviews at school, ministry, and district levels revealed limited coordination among ministry, district and NGO efforts and little support for curriculum development and teacher training. In schools, fund- raising for international charities is often equated with global education, while other aspects of global learning are neglected. Equating global education with fundraising raises concerns for less affluent communities. We argue that more comprehensive and systematic government support for global education, and greater collaboration among ministries, NGOs, and schools is needed for Canadian children to receive an equitable, quality introduction to global citizenship. Key words: global citizenship, non-government organizations, social studies, teacher support Cet article fait le point sur l’implantation de l’éducation planétaire dans les écoles primaires au Canada. L’analyse des programmes scolaires et 76 entrevues menées dans des écoles, dans les ministères et dans des arrondissements scolaires ont révélé qu’il existait une coordination restreinte entre le ministère, les arrondissements scolai- res et les efforts des ONG et peu de soutien pour l’élaboration de programmes scol- aires et la formation des enseignants. Dans les écoles, la collecte de fonds pour des organismes de bienfaisance internationaux est souvent assimilée à l’éducation planét- aire tandis que d’autres aspects de l’éducation interculturelle sont négligés. L’assimilation de l’éducation planétaire aux collectes de fonds soulève des préoccupa- tions pour les collectivités moins fortunées. Les auteurs soutiennent qu’il faut un soutien gouvernemental plus exhaustif et systématique de l’éducation planétaire et une collaboration accrue entre les ministères, les ONG et les écoles pour que tous les enfants canadiens reçoivent une initiation de qualité à la citoyenneté mondiale. Mots clés : citoyenneté mondiale, organisations non gouvernementales, sciences hu- maines, soutien aux enseignants

The Transformation of High-Risk Youth: An Assessment of a Faith-based Program in South Africa

This paper considers the case of Outward Bound South Africa (OBSA), an outdoor adventure education program specifically designed for disadvantaged youth in the aftermath of apartheid in South Africa. Founded by American philanthropist Charles Stetson, the goal of OBSA is to provide recourse for South Africans who are victims of history and culture. OBSA seeks to instill values and to create economic empowerment for at-risk youth in the midst of severe social and economic deprivation. Recently, OBSA initiated a faith-based component to their program that follows many of the tenets of the original founder of Outward Bound, German educator Kurt Hahn. This paper is an assessment of that effort. The research consists of pretest and posttest surveys of 453 South African students who went through the OBSA program between 2005 and 2012. Results suggest that of the fifteen different variables studied, participants showed statistically significant improvement on twelve in the traditional educational program. In the faith-based program, the average increase was greater than for the traditional data in thirteen of the fifteen variables, and it was statistically significant from the pretest to the posttest on 11 of the variables

AN INTRODUCTION TO VIRGINIA ISSUES: INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS: SPECIAL REPORT FOR VIRGINIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION

Community/Rural/Urban Development, Labor and Human Capital, Land Economics/Use,

‘Placing’ the other: final year law students’ ‘imagined’ experience of rural and regional practice within the law school context

This paper discusses the partial findings from a research study involving a narrative analysis of in-depth interviews with twelve final year law students. The research explored student attitudes to, and perceptions of, legal practice in rural, regional and remote (RRR) communities – that is, their ’imagined experience’. The research findings suggests that, at least in the context of the non-regional law school, the rural/regional is both absent and ‘other’, revealing the ‘urban-centric’ nature of legal education and its failure to adequately expose students to rural and regional practice contexts that can help to positively shape their ‘imagined’ experience. This paper argues that all law schools must take up the challenge of rural inclusiveness by integrating a sense of ‘place-consciousness’ into the law curriculum

Harnessing Technology Schools Survey 2009: analysis report

The Harnessing Technology schools survey (HTSS) report presents the key survey findings from the academic year 2008-09 set out according to the five system outcomes against which impact of the strategy was measured. The HTSS was an annual national survey of ICT in primary, secondary and special schools. (The data report that accompanied this analysis provides further details of the sample and the characteristics of respondents and is listed separately.

Return to running following knee osteochondral repair using an anti-gravity treadmill: A case report

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of an anti-gravity treadmill return to running programme on self-efficacy and subjective knee function following knee osteochondral surgery. Case Description: A 39-year-old otherwise healthy female endurance runner with a left knee femoral cartilage grade 3-4 defect 3cm2. The patient underwent single step arthroscopic microfracture with Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate. An AlterG® anti-gravity treadmill was used to manipulate loading during a graduated phased return to running over 8 weeks. Self-efficacy was evaluated using the Self-Efficacy for Rehabilitation outcomes scale (SER) and the Knee Self-Efficacy Scale (K-SES). Subjective knee function was evaluated using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC). Outcomes: The programme resulted in improvements in SER (57%), K-SES present (89%) and K-SES future (65%) self-efficacy domains. The IKDC score demonstrated a clinically important improvement with an increase from 62.1 in week 1 to 86.2 in week 8 (39%). Only the KOOS Sport/Rec subscale showed a clinically important improvement from week 1 to week 8. Discussion: The programme resulted in improved knee and rehabilitation self-efficacy and subjective knee function following osteochondral repair of the knee. This case report illustrates the importance of considering self-efficacy in rehabilitation after knee osteochondral surgery and highlights the potential role for anti-gravity treadmills in enhancing self-efficacy and subjective knee function in preparation for a return to sport

Return to running following knee osteochondral repair using an anti-gravity treadmill (P03-581)

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of an anti-gravity treadmill return to running programme on self-efficacy and subjective knee function following knee osteochondral surgery. Methods: Two otherwise healthy female endurance runners who had undergone knee osteochondral surgery were recruited. Patient A was 9 months post-surgery for a left knee femoral cartilage grade 3–4 defect 3 cm2. Patient B was 11 weeks post-surgery for a partial lateral menisectomy and chondroplasty. An anti-gravity treadmill was usedto manipulate loading during a graduated phased return to running. Self-efficacy was evaluated using the Self-Efficacy for Rehabilitation outcomes scale (SER) and the Knee Self-Efficacy Scale (K-SES). Subjective knee function was evaluated using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Results: The programmes resulted in improvements in SER (Patient A 57%; Patient B 18%) and K-SES present (Patient A 89%; Patient B 33%) and K-SES future (Patient A 65%; Patient B 33%). Only the KOOS Sport/Rec (Patient A and B) and the Quality of Life (Patient B) subscales showed clinically important improvements. Conclusions: The programmes resulted in improved knee and rehabilitation self-efficacy and subjective knee function following osteochondral repair of the knee. These case reports illustrate the importance of considering self-efficacy in individualising rehabilitation after knee osteochondral surgery and highlights the potential role for anti-gravity treadmills in enhancing self-efficacy and subjective knee function in preparation for a return to sport

Handling manuscript rejection: Insights from evidence and experience

The purpose of this article is to provide authors with insights gained from evidence and experience on how to handle rejected manuscripts

Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: current and future predictions of habitat suitability and cover

© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Goldsmit, J., Schlegel, R. W., Filbee-Dexter, K., MacGregor, K. A., Johnson, L. E., Mundy, C. J., Savoie, A. M., McKindsey, C. W., Howland, K. L., & Archambault, P. Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: current and future predictions of habitat suitability and cover. Frontiers in Marine Science, 18, (2021): 742209. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.742209Climate change is transforming marine ecosystems through the expansion and contraction of species’ ranges. Sea ice loss and warming temperatures are expected to expand habitat availability for macroalgae along long stretches of Arctic coastlines. To better understand the current distribution of kelp forests in the Eastern Canadian Arctic, kelps were sampled along the coasts for species identifications and percent cover. The sampling effort was supplemented with occurrence records from global biodiversity databases, searches in the literature, and museum records. Environmental information and occurrence records were used to develop ensemble models for predicting habitat suitability and a Random Forest model to predict kelp cover for the dominant kelp species in the region – Agarum clathratum, Alaria esculenta, and Laminariaceae species (Laminaria solidungula and Saccharina latissima). Ice thickness, sea temperature and salinity explained the highest percentage of kelp distribution. Both modeling approaches showed that the current extent of arctic kelps is potentially much greater than the available records suggest. These modeling approaches were projected into the future using predicted environmental data for 2050 and 2100 based on the most extreme emission scenario (RCP 8.5). The models agreed that predicted distribution of kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic is likely to expand to more northern locations under future emissions scenarios, with the exception of the endemic arctic kelp L. solidungula, which is more likely to lose a significant proportion of suitable habitat. However, there were differences among species regarding predicted cover for both current and future projections. Notwithstanding model-specific variation, it is evident that kelps are widespread throughout the area and likely contribute significantly to the functioning of current Arctic ecosystems. Our results emphasize the importance of kelp in Arctic ecosystems and the underestimation of their potential distribution there.This work was supported by ArcticNet (P101 ArcticKelp), Fisheries and Oceans Canada Arctic Climate Change Adaptation Strategy, Arctic Science and Aquatic Invasive Species Monitoring and Research Funds, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), NRCan Polar Continental Shelf Program Support, Canadian Aquatic Invasive Species Network (CAISN), the Nunavut Marine Region Wildlife Management Board (NWMB), Quebec-Ocean, and the Ocean Frontier Institute through an award from the Canada First Research Excellence Fund, the Marine Environmental Observation, Prediction and Response Network of Centres of Excellence’s (MEOPAR-NCE) Southampton Island Marine Ecosystem Project, and the Belmont Forum–BiodivERsA’s De-icing of Arctic Coasts: critical or new opportunities for marine biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (ACCES). KF-D was supported by the Australian Research Council (DE190100692)