Fuchs' problem for indecomposable abelian groups

More than 50 years ago, Laszlo Fuchs asked which abelian groups can be the group of units of a commutative ring. Though progress has been made, the question remains open. We provide an answer to this question in the case of indecomposable abelian groups by classifying the indecomposable abelian groups that are realizable as the group of units of a ring of any given characteristic.Comment: 10 pages, accepted for publication in Journal of Algebr

Sophie Germain Primes and Involutions of Znx

In the paper “What is special about the divisors of 24?”, Sunil Chebolu proved an interesting result about the multiplication tables of Zn from several different number theoretic points of view: all of the 1s in the multiplication table for Zn are located on the main diagonal if and only if n is a divisor of 24. Put another way, this theorem characterizes the positive integers n with the property that the proportion of 1s on the diagonal is precisely 1. The present work is concerned with finding the positive integers n for which there is a given fixed proportion of 1s on the diagonal. For example, when p is prime, we prove that there exists a positive integer n such that 1/p of the 1s lie on the diagonal of the multiplication table for Zn if and only if p is a Sophie Germain prime

The generating hypothesis in the derived category of a ring

We show that a strong form (the fully faithful version) of the generating hypothesis, introduced by Freyd in algebraic topology, holds in the derived category of a ring R if and only if R is von Neumann regular. This extends results of the second author. We also characterize rings for which the original form (the faithful version) of the generating hypothesis holds in the derived category of R. These must be close to von Neumann regular in a precise sense, and, given any of a number of finiteness hypotheses, must be von Neumann regular. However, we construct an example of such a ring that is not von Neumann regular, and therefore does not satisfy the strong form of the generating hypothesis

Characterizations of Mersenne and 2-rooted primes

We give several characterizations of Mersenne primes (Theorem 1.1) and of primes for which 2 is a primitive root (Theorem 1.2). These characterizations involve group algebras, circulant matrices, binomial coefficients, and bipartite graphs.Comment: 19 pages, final version, to appear in Finite Fields and their Application

Substance P Hydrolysis by Human Serum Cholinesterase

Highly purified human serum cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, also known as pseudocholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) had peptidase activity toward substance P. Digestion of substance P was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography, which separated three product peptides. The cleavages occurred sequentially. The first peptide to appear was Arg 1 -Pro 2 . The K m for this hydrolysis was 0.3 m M ; maximum activity was 7.9 nmol min −1 mg −1 of protein, which corresponded to a turnover number of 0.6 min −1 . A second cleavage yielded Lys 3 -Pro 4 . A third cleavage occurred at the C-terminal, where the amide was removed from Met 11 to yield a peptide containing residues 5–11. Both the peptidase and esterase activities of the enzyme were completely inhibited by the anticholinesterase agent, diisopropyl-fluorophosphate. Substance P inhibited the hydrolysis of benzoylcholine (a good ester substrate) with a K I of 0.17 m M , indicating that substance P interacted with cholinesterase rather than with a trace contaminant. Peptidase and amidase activities for serum cholinesterase are novel activities for this enzyme. It was demonstrated previously that the related enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) catalyzed the hydrolysis of substance P, but at entirely different cleavage sites from those reported in the present work. Since butyrylcholinesterase is present in brain and muscle, as well as in serum, it may be involved in the physiological regulation of substance P.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66407/1/j.1471-4159.1982.tb04707.x.pd