The Importance of Organizational Structure and Corporate Culture in Open Innovation Performance

This study investigates the relationship between changes in organizational structure and company culture, and open innovation performance. Two hypotheses were developed based on the literature review. In order to test the hypotheses, the quantitative surveys were collected and analyzed using the data obtained from the questionnaire, answered by 52 companies located in China. Finally, the findings shown that both hypotheses were supported. These results reveal a significant positive relation between both, changes in company culture and changes in organizational structure and open innovation performance. This study has numerous implications for managers implementing an open innovation process. Keywords: Open Innovation, Organizational Structure, Company Culture, Open Innovation Performance

Automated support for experimental approaches in daylighting performances assessment

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, February 2006."October 2005."Includes bibliographical references (leaf 20).The study of daylight and solar reflection has been a topic of increasing interest over the past two decades. A novel mechanical support has been constructed to help better understand this topic that consists of a five foot in diameter circular table driven to rotate and tilt by computer controlled motors. The first use of this machine is to conduct shadow studies on architectural models. Using the tilt and rotation axis concurrently, a model can be rotated through a path that emulates the sun throughout the course of a day. The second use of the machine is to measure the solar flux emitted from and transmitted through a sample at different angles of incidence. An elliptical shell will be cut in half and secured to the table with focal points A and B. The incoming light will shine on or through the sample placed at focal point A, bounce off of the reflective inside of the shell, then be redirected into a camera placed at focal point B. Two cameras will be used to measure the visible and infrared spectra of the reflected light.by Dean M. Ljubicic.S.B

DESIGNING TWO-PHASE FLOW HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR MITIGATING FOULING

Significant progress has been made in understanding the underlying mechanisms of hydrocarbon fouling and characterizing the effects of physical and chemical parameters in single-phase flows. However, the interactive effects of two-phase flows and fouling mechanisms are poorly understood. Many of the industrial heat exchangers in refining and petrochemical processing operate under multiphase flow conditions with varying flow regimes. Fouling and localized corrosion are generally experienced due to maldistribution of vapor and liquid phases in such heat exchangers. This is because design methods are inadequate to determine localized process conditions that could induce severe fouling locally, which could also lead to localized corrosion by concentrating corrosion species in the deposits. This paper discusses design approaches to evaluate twophase flow conditions and design exchangers to minimize fouling. Such design approaches may not be optimum for heat transfer and pressure drop considerations; however, it will minimize fouling and localized corrosion. The paper focuses on improved design of feed/effluent exchangers with tube side flows and reboilers for minimizing shell-side fouling and a case study is presented. The result is lower lifecycle ownership cost of the exchanger