Two channels of supermassive black hole growth as seen on the galaxies mass-size plane

We investigate the variation of black hole masses (Mbh) as a function of their host galaxy stellar mass (Mstar) and half-light radius (Re). We confirm that the scatter in Mbh within this plane is essentially the same as that in the Mbh - sigma relation, as expected from the negligible scatter reported in the virial mass estimator sigma_v^2=GxMstar/(5xRe). All variation in Mbh happens along lines of constant sigma_v on the (Mstar, Re) plane, or Mstar $\propto$ Re for Mstar <2x10^11 Msun. This trend is qualitatively the same as those previously reported for galaxy properties related to stellar populations, like age, metallicity, alpha enhancement, mass-to-light ratio and gas content. We find evidence for a change in the Mbh variation above the critical mass of Mcrit ~ 2x10^11 Msun. This behaviour can be explained assuming that Mbh in galaxies less massive than Mcrit can be predicted by the Mbh - sigma relation, while Mbh in more massive galaxies follow a modified relation which is also dependent on Mstar once Mstar >Mcrit. This is consistent with the scenario where the majority of galaxies grow through star formation, while the most massive galaxies undergo a sequence of dissipation-less mergers. In both channels black holes and galaxies grow synchronously, giving rise to the black hole - host galaxy scaling relations, but there is no underlying single relation that is universal across the full range of galaxy masses.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures; MNRAS accepted (minor text changes

Dinamičnost naknadne dječje dvojezičnosti

The paper presents two theoretical models of multilingual/bilingual development – Dynamic Model of Multilingualism (DMM) and Thresholds Theory (TT). The data from a case study of a successive Croatian (L1) – English (L2) bilingual development are presented in the light of DMM and TT. The author concludes that the mentioned models have a significant explanatory power but are not yet refined enough to present a multitude of aspects and interacting components in the development of successive childhood bilingualism.U radu se prikazuju dva teorijska modela višejezičnoga/dvojezičnoga razvoja – Dinamični Model Višjezičnosti (DMV) i Teorija Praga (TP). U svjetlu spomenutih modela, autorica intepretira podatke dobivene praćenjem jednoga slučaja naknadnoga hrvatsko (J1)- engleskog (J2) dvojezičnog razvoja. Autorica zaključuje da spomenuti modeli imaju znatnu objasnidbenu snagu, ali još nisu dovoljno razrađeni da bi mogli predočiti/objasniti svo bogatstvo različitih vidova naknadnoga dvojezičnoga razvoja te međudjelovanje različitih sastavnica tijekom istoga

Dinamičnost naknadne dječje dvojezičnosti

The paper presents two theoretical models of multilingual/bilingual development – Dynamic Model of Multilingualism (DMM) and Thresholds Theory (TT). The data from a case study of a successive Croatian (L1) – English (L2) bilingual development are presented in the light of DMM and TT. The author concludes that the mentioned models have a significant explanatory power but are not yet refined enough to present a multitude of aspects and interacting components in the development of successive childhood bilingualism.U radu se prikazuju dva teorijska modela višejezičnoga/dvojezičnoga razvoja – Dinamični Model Višjezičnosti (DMV) i Teorija Praga (TP). U svjetlu spomenutih modela, autorica intepretira podatke dobivene praćenjem jednoga slučaja naknadnoga hrvatsko (J1)- engleskog (J2) dvojezičnog razvoja. Autorica zaključuje da spomenuti modeli imaju znatnu objasnidbenu snagu, ali još nisu dovoljno razrađeni da bi mogli predočiti/objasniti svo bogatstvo različitih vidova naknadnoga dvojezičnoga razvoja te međudjelovanje različitih sastavnica tijekom istoga