The effects of school-based management in the Philippines : an initial assessment using administrative data

This paper estimates the effect of school-based management on student performance in the Philippines using the administrative dataset of all public schools in 23 school districts over a 3-year period, 2003-2005. The authors test whether schools that received early school-based management interventions (training in school-based management and direct funding for school-based reforms) attained higher average test scores than those that did not receive such inputs. The analysis uses school-level overall composite test scores (comprising all subject areas tested) and test scores in three separate subject areas: English, math, and science. Their preferred estimator, difference-in-difference with propensity score matching, shows that the average treatment effect of participation in school-based management was higher by 1.5 percentage points for overall composite scores, 1.2 percentage points for math scores, 1.4 percentage points for English scores, and 1.8 percentage points for science scores. These results suggest that the introduction of school-based management had a statistically significant, albeit small, overall positive effect on average school-level test scores in 23 school districts in the Philippines. The paper provides a first glimpse of the potential for school-based management in an East Asian context based on available administrative data. The authors suggest that the next order of research is to answer policy-related questions regarding the reforms: what aspects of the reform lead to desired results; are there differential effects across subpopulations; and what are the potential downsides to the reforms? The Philippines is embarking on a nation-wide implementation of school-based management and the authors recommend that mechanisms for rigorous evaluations be advanced simultaneously. Such evaluations should not only provide more accurate estimates of the effectiveness of the reforms, but also help answer policy-related questions regarding design and implementation of those reforms in different socio-cultural contexts.Tertiary Education,Education For All,Teaching and Learning,Secondary Education,Primary Education

An Adaptive Quadrilateral Mesh in Curved Domains

An nonlinear elliptic system for generating adaptive quadrilateral meshes in curved domains is presented. The presented technique has been implemented in the C++ language with the help of the standard template library. The software package writes the converged meshes in the GMV and the Matlab formats. Grid generation is the first very important step for numerically solving partial differential equations. Thus, the presented C++ grid generator is extremely important to the computational science community

A Study of E-commerce Adoption by Nepalese Tourism Website: Contain Analysis

This study conduct to evaluate e-commerce features adopt by Nepalese tourism websites through content analysis. Information on the website plays a vital role to influence traveler. This study analyses 41 different features of the website of the Nepalese tourism industry. In this research in total examining 120 website's features, and these features are divided into six dimensions: product information, non-product information, reservation, payment, functionality and customer relationship management. The researcher found that there is a significant difference between hotel and travel agencies websites on adopting feature and information provided to their customers. The finding shows that e-commerce is still in the introduction phase in the Nepalese tourism industry. Tourism companies are failing to deliver adequate information on their website. Websites are only focused on product information rather than other information, and there is a significant difference between hotel website and travel agencies websites on adopting features. Websites need to improve their payment, reservation and functionality features on their website. Keywords: E-commerce, content analysis, tourism website DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/46-04 Publication date: January 31st 202