Job search of dual-career families in Finland

This contribution focuses on the job search behaviour of Finnish professionals and its differences by the types of labour market areas. In the turn of 21st century the educational level have risen and the number of professionals have increased. At the same time the migration intensity have grown and concentrated towards versatile labour market areas, so called growth centres. The dual-career families are strongly concentrated to main local labour market areas but there are also exceptions. The main purpose of the study is to figure out the structural and regional differences of job search for different parts of the country car according to the search theory the residential relocation decision is depending on the job search strategies. The attention will be paid both to those hypothetical job search regions defined by the families them selves and to the recent work locations and commuting experiences related to the family history, career histories and residential mobility history of past years. The data is longitudinal sample data dealing Finnish families where both spouses are educated professionals.

Foreground and background text in retrieval

Our hypothesis is that certain clauses have foreground functions in text, while other clauses have background functions and that these functions are expressed or reflected in the syntactic structure of the clause. Presumably these clauses will have differing utility for automatic approaches to text understanding; a summarization system might want to utilize background clauses to capture commonalities between numbers of documents while an indexing system might use foreground clauses in order to capture specific characteristics of a certain document

History and future lines of urbanization process in Finland

Urbanization began in Finland relatively late by comparison with other European countries, but the process has taken place all the more rapidly. The population has concentrated to the southern part of Finland and there are nowadays only few growth centres. The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of urbanization over a long time span and light up the different scenarios of future population distribution. The number of cities and towns in Finland increased by 57 % between 1950 and 1998, but one notable feature of these cities and towns is their small size in terms of population, 86 % of them having less than 50 000 inhabitants and only 6 of them exceeding 100 000 inhabitants in 1998. According to forecasts the population will concentrate still in future in Finland. The proportion of people who are living in the built-up areas will be 84 % in 2005. Finland`s development is 15 years behind Sweden: Sweden reached this figure already in 1990. The population of the rural areas will continue to decrease in future. Population of Helsinki will grow up to 2020 by almost 68 000 persons. The population level will be then 611 361 inhabitants.

Preceding crop has great influence on the density of Pratylenchus crenatus on strawberry

The preceding crop plant has a great influence not only immediately after the cropping but also in long-term on the numbers of Pratylenchus crenatus in strawberry

Spin asymmetry at large x_F and k_T

We suggest that the large single spin asymmetries observed at high momentum fractions x_F and transverse momenta k_T of the pion in p^\uparrow p -> \pi(x_F,k_T)+X arise from the coherence of the soft interactions with the hard parton scattering process. Such coherence can be maintained if x_F -> 1 as k_T -> \infty, while k_T^2(1-x_F) ~ \Lambda_{QCD}^2 stays fixed. Analogous coherence effects have been seen experimentally in the Drell-Yan process at high x_F. We find that the p^\uparrow p -> \pi X production amplitudes have large dynamic phases and that helicity flip contributions are unsuppressed in this limit, giving rise to potentially large single spin asymmetries.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure. Talk given at EPS HEP 2007, Mancheste

Country-internal migration and labour market activities of immigrants in Finland

This article concentrates on the special features of country-internal migration of immigrants. These features include regional development such as the urbanisation rate, the specialisation of labour markets in general, and the human capital potential of immigrants in the form of education. The internal migration of immigrants within the country and the growth of urban centres are analysed on the national level by municipalities and, in more detail, in nine differently structured local labour market areas. The position of immigrants in the local labour market areas depends on their education and the active role they take in employment. Urban centres with developed, multi-structured labour markets have strengthened their edge over others in attracting the in-migrants from more peripheral areas in the sub-group of immigrants as in general, too. Internal and international migration are related to each other. The larger urban centres and refugee receiving municipalities play an important role in linking international and internal migration.