163 research outputs found
Towards a geometrical model for polyrepresentation of information objects
The principle of polyrepresentation is one of the
fundamental recent developments in the field of
interactive retrieval. An open problem is how to
define a framework which unifies different as-
pects of polyrepresentation and allows for their
application in several ways. Such a framework
can be of geometrical nature and it may embrace
concepts known from quantum theory. In this
short paper, we discuss by giving examples how
this framework can look like, with a focus on in-
formation objects. We further show how it can be
exploited to find a cognitive overlap of different
representations on the one hand, and to combine
different representations by means of knowledge
augmentation on the other hand. We discuss the
potential that lies within a geometrical frame-
work and motivate its further developmen
Determining the polarity of postings for discussion search
When performing discussion search it might be desirable to consider non-topical measures like the number of positive and negative replies to a posting, for instance as one possible indicator for the trustworthiness of a comment. Systems like POLAR are able to integrate such values into the retrieval function. To automatically detect the polarity of postings, they need to be classified into positive and negative ones w.r.t.\ the comment or document they are annotating. We present a machine learning approach for polarity detection which is based on Support Vector Machines. We discuss and identify appropriate term and context features. Experiments with ZDNet News show that an accuracy of around 79\%-80\% can be achieved for automatically classifying comments according to their polarity
Exploiting information needs and bibliographics for polyrepresentative document clustering
In this paper we explore the potential of combining the principle of polyrepresentation with document clustering. Our idea is discussed and evaluated for polyrepresentation of information needs as wells as for document-based polyrepresentation where bibliographic information is used as representation. The main idea is to present the user with the highly ranked polyrepresentative clusters to support the search process. Our evaluation suggests that our approach is capable of increasing retrieval performance, but performance varies for queries with a high or low number of relevant documents
Multi-facet classification of e-mails in a helpdesk scenario
Helpdesks have to manage a huge amount of
support requests which are usually submitted
via e-mail. In order to be assigned to experts
e ciently, incoming e-mails have to be classi-
ed w. r. t. several facets, in particular topic,
support type and priority. It is desirable to
perform these classi cations automatically.
We report on experiments using Support Vector
Machines and k-Nearest-Neighbours, respectively,
for the given multi-facet classi -
cation task. The challenge is to de ne suitable
features for each facet. Our results suggest
that improvements can be gained for all
facets, and they also reveal which features are
promising for a particular facet
Applying Cross-cultural theory to understand usersā preferences on interactive information retrieval platform design
Presented at EuroHCIR 2014, the 4th European Symposium on Human-Computer Interaction and Information Retrieval, 13th September 2014, at BCS London Office, Covent Garden, London.In this paper we look at using culture to group users and model the usersā preference on cross cultural information retrieval, in order to investigate the relationship between the user search preferences and the userās cultural background. Initially we review and discuss briefly website localisation. We continue by examining culture and Hofstedeās cultural dimensions. We identified a link between Hofstedeās five dimensions and user experience. We did an analogy for each of the five dimensions and developed six hypotheses from the analogies. These hypotheses were then tested by means of a user study. Whilst the key findings from the study suggest cross cultural theory can be used to model userās preferences for information retrieval, further work still needs to be done on how cultural dimensions can be applied to inform the search interface design
Combining cognitive and system-oriented approaches for designing IR user interfaces
Poster at the AIR workshop 2008, London, Englan
Identifying the relevance of personal values to e-government portals' success: insights from a Delphi study
Most governments around the world have put considerable financial resources into the development of e-government systems. They have been making significant efforts to provide information and services online. However, previous research shows that the rate of adoption and success of e-government systems vary significantly across countries. It is argued here that culture can be an important factor affecting e- government success. This paper aims to explore the relevance of personal values to the e-government success from an individual userās perspective. The ten basic values identified by Schwartz were used. A Delphi study was carried out with a group of experts to identify the most relevant personal values to the e-government success from an individualās point of view. The findings suggest that four of the ten values, namely Self-direction, Security, Stimulation, and Tradition, most likely affect the success. The findings provide a basis for developing a comprehensive e-government evaluation framework to be validated using a large scale survey in Saudi Arabia
Servicing the federation : the case for metadata harvesting
The paper presents a comparative analysis of data harvesting and distributed computing as complementary models of service delivery within large-scale federated digital libraries. Informed by requirements of flexibility and scalability of federated services, the analysis focuses on the identification and assessment of model invariants. In particular, it abstracts over application domains, services, and protocol implementations. The analytical evidence produced shows that the harvesting model offers stronger guarantees of satisfying the identified requirements. In addition, it suggests a first characterisation of services based on their suitability to either model and thus indicates how they could be integrated in the context of a single federated digital library
Preliminary study of technical terminology for the retrieval of scientific book metadata records
Books only represented by brief metadata (book records) are particularly hard to retrieve. One way of improving their retrieval is by extracting retrieval enhancing features from them. This work focusses on scientific (physics) book records. We ask if their technical terminology can be used as a retrieval enhancing feature. A study of 18,443 book records shows a strong correlation between their technical terminology and their likelihood of relevance. Using this finding for retrieval yields >+5% precision and recall gains
On the probabilistic logical modelling of quantum and geometrically-inspired IR
Information Retrieval approaches can mostly be classed into probabilistic, geometric or logic-based. Recently, a new unifying framework for IR has emerged that integrates a probabilistic description within a geometric framework, namely vectors in Hilbert spaces. The geometric model leads naturally to a predicate logic over linear subspaces, also known as quantum logic. In this paper we show the relation between this model and classic concepts such as the Generalised Vector Space Model, highlighting similarities and differences. We also show how some fundamental components of quantum-based IR can be modelled in a descriptive way using a well-established tool, i.e. Probabilistic Datalog
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