Optical evidence for a magnetically driven structural transition in the spin web Cu3TeO6Cu_3TeO_6

$Cu_3TeO_6$ is a modest frustrated $S=1/2$ spin system, which undergoes an anti-ferromagnetic transition at $T_N\sim61$ $K$. The anti-ferromagnetic spin alignment in $Cu_3TeO_6$ below $T_N$ is supposed to induce a magneto-elastic strain of the lattice. The complete absorption spectrum of $Cu_3TeO_6$ is obtained through Kramers-Kronig transformation of the optical reflectivity, measured from the far-infrared up to the ultraviolet spectral range as a function of temperature ($T$). Below $T^*\sim 50$ $K$, we find a new mode at 208 $cm^{-1}$. The spectral weight associated to this additional mode increases as $\propto (T^*-T)^{1/2}$ with decreasing $T$ below $T^*$. The implication of the optical findings will be discussed in relation to the magnetic phase transition at $T_N$.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Urbanicity and Female Jail Incarceration Rates in 1970 and 2018: The Rise of Rural Female Jail Incarceration

This paper examines the role of county urbanicity as it relates to mean female jail incarceration rates in both the United States and Pennsylvania in the years 1970 and 2018. There are three research questions to be answered in this study. The first is whether mean female jail incarceration rates vary significantly by urbanicity (rural, small/mid, suburban, urban). The second is whether the relationship between female jail incarceration rates and urbanicity changed from 1970 to 2018. The third research question is whether the findings for questions 1 and 2 will be the same for both Pennsylvania and the United States. A one-way ANOVA analysis and descriptive statistics of data retrieved from the Vera Institute of Justice indicated that mean female jail incarceration rates do vary significantly by county, and that the highest mean female jail incarceration rates shifted from urban to rural counties between 1970 and 2018. Ultimately, this analysis indicates that particular attention be paid to criminal justice policies on the local level, especially with regard to rural counties and the lack of resources common there. Limitations on the conclusions and suggestions for future research are discussed

A COMPARISON OF CAVE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES TO CAVE ROOSTING BAT MICROBIOTA IN EL MALPAIS NATIONAL MONUMENT, USA

The arrival of white-nose syndrome (WNS), a devastating fungal disease, has highlighted the need to better understand bat microbiota and how bats acquire their microbiota. To address this need, we investigated how bat microbiota compare to microbiota from the cave walls in two El Malpais National Monument caves. The external surfaces of six roosting bats from each cave, representing four different bat species, and their associated microbial mats were sampled. One to three air samples were taken in each cave. Samples were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene for bacterial diversity and the ITS region for fungal diversity. Many bacterial and fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were shared among the sample types. Within the bacterial OTUs, Actinobactria were highest overall in all samples, but were higher in bats than mats. The most prevalent actinobacterial genera recovered were Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Arthrobacter, and Rubrobacter. SourceTracker suggested bat bacterial communities may originate from mat and air samples. Within the fungal OTUs, Ascomycota were highest overall in all samples, but higher in bats than mats. Prevalent fungal families included Cladosporiaceae, Pleosporaceae, Pseudeurotiaceae, Microascaceae, Leucosporidiaceae, and Mortierellaceae. A top fungal OTU recovered was a close relative of Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the cause of WNS. Our results shed light on a relatively understudied area that could have implications for understanding the source of potential natural defenses of bats, which could be important in predicting which western bats species are most vulnerable to WNS

Women and Crime

This paper examines the role of gender in three high profile criminal cases involving women. Each case highlights different circumstances of women involved in crime and the consequences of a justice system that does not acknowledge and address the role of gender in women’s criminal involvement. First, Cyntoia Brown’s case demonstrates the challenges specific to poor girls of color. Second, the case of Yeardley Love delineates the danger women face in their relationships with male intimate partners. Finally, the highly controversial case of Casey Anthony illustrates the societal pressure on women as mothers and the need to address potential biases both toward and against women. These three women had different roles in the criminal justice system and each trial resulted in verdicts causing public backlash for different reasons. Through researching and analyzing the details of each case and relevant gender theories, the importance of accounting for the role of gender in legal proceedings and policies is clear. Without proper investigation of gender’s role in criminal behavior, the law is uninformed and unable to deliver justice

Acoustic impulse response mapping for acoustic communications in shallow water

ผลงานวิชาการคณาจารย์มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสุรนาร

Channel characerization for acoustic communications in shallow water using QPSK data

ผลงานวิชาการคณาจารย์มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสุรนาร

Wine consumption in the Mediterranean diet: old concepts in a new sight

The term “Mediterranean diet” is widely employed to indicate the typical diet of the Countries located on the Mediter- ranean sea coast. A growing body of scientific literature pointed out the healthy effects of this diet. In recent years we investigated about the protective effects of a regular and moderate wine consumption. As we know, alcoholic and non alcoholic wine constituents are responsible of different effects by means of molecular and cell mechanisms. Among the non alcoholic components, polyphenols (for example resveratrol and quercetin) were deeply investigated. The aim of this review is to underline the effects of a moderate and regular wine drinking in the context of the Mediterranean diet in light of the interactions between wine and important dietary factors such as olive oil, fruit and vegetables

A Fragment of 21 ORFs Around the Direct Repeat (DR) Region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is Absent From the Other Sequenced Mycobacterial Genomes: Implications for the Evolution of the DR Region

The direct repeat (DR) region is a singular locus of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genome. This region consists of 36 bp repetitive sequences separated by non-repetitive unique spacer sequences. Around this region there are several genes coding for proteins of unknown function. To determine whether the M. smegmatis, M. avium, M. marinum and M. leprae genomes contain sequences and ORFs similar to those of the DR locus of the M. tuberculosis complex, we analysed the corresponding regions in these species. As a first step, some conserved genes that flank the DR genes [Rv2785c (rpsO), Rv2786c (ribF), Rv2790c (ltp1 ), Rv2793c (truB), Rv2800, Rv2825, Rv2828, Rv2831 (echA16 ), Rv2838 (rbfA) and Rv2845 (proS )] were used as markers to locate the corresponding orthologues in M. smegmatis, M. avium, M. marinum and M. leprae in silico. Most of these M. tuberculosis marker genes have highly similar orthologues located in the same order and orientation in the other mycobacteria. In contrast, no orthologues were found for ORFs Rv2801–Rv2824, suggesting that these genes are unique to M. tuberculosis within the genus Mycobacterium.We observed that in M. smegmatis and M. avium, Rv2800 and Rv2825 are adjacent. This observation was experimentally confirmed by PCR. In conclusion, as the DR locus and the ORFs around it are absent in M. smegmatis and M. avium and, as it is possible that these species are older than M. tuberculosis, we postulated that the DR locus was acquired by the M. tuberculosis complex species or by an ancestor bacterium