Impact of design-parameters on the optical performance of a highpower adaptive mirror

TNO is developing a High Power Adaptive Mirror (HPAM) to be used in the CO2 laser beam path of an Extreme Ultra-Violet (EUV) light source for next-generation lithography. In this paper we report on a developed methodology, and the necessary simulation tools, to assess the performance and associated sensitivities of this deformable mirror. Our analyses show that, given the current limited insight concerning the process window of EUV generation, the HPAM module should have an actuator pitch of ≥ 4 mm. Furthermore we have modelled the sensitivity of performance with respect to dimpling and actuator noise. For example, for a deformable mirror with an actuator pitch of 4 mm, and if the associated performance impact is to be limited to smaller than 5%, the actuator noise should be smaller than 45 nm (rms). Our tools assist in the detailed design process by assessing the performance impact of various design choices, including for example those that affect the shape and spectral content of the influence function

Vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone (VAD) administered as rapid intravenous infusion for first-line treatment in untreated multiple myeloma

We examined the feasibility of achieving a rapid response in patients with previously untreated multiple myeloma by administering vincristine 0.4 mg and doxorubicin 9 mg/m2 as a rapid intravenous infusion for 4d together with intermittent high-dose dexamethasone 40 mg (VAD) for remission induction treatment in patients who were scheduled to receive high-dose therapy. 139 patients (86 male, 53 femaile; median age 53 years, range 32-65 years; Durie & Salmon stage IIA: 42, IIB: one IIIA: 89, IIIB: seven) were included in a prospective multicentre study in which VAD was administered as remission induction treatment and was followed by intensified treatment. The response was evaluated according to the criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). The results of treatment were evaluable in 134 patients. Five patients died before evaluation. 86 patients (62%) achieeved a partial response (PR) and seven patients (5%) achieved a complete response (CR), which equates to a response rate of 67%. The main side-effect was milt neurotoxicity, which was observed in 18% of the patients. Fever or infections were reported in 27% of the patients. VAD administered as an outpatient regimen, based on rapid intravenous infusion, is an effective induction regimen for untreated myeloma with a 67% response rate and acceptable toxicit

La adminitración delegada de las sociedades anónimas: estudio del artículo 141 de la Ley de Sociedades Anónimas

Tesis Univ. Granada. Departamento de Derecho Mercantil y Derecho Romano. Leída el 27 de junio de 200

Observational Signatures of Particle Acceleration in Supernova Remnants

We evaluate the current status of supernova remnants as the sources of Galactic cosmic rays. We summarize observations of supernova remnants, covering the whole electromagnetic spectrum and describe what these obser- vations tell us about the acceleration processes by high Mach number shock fronts. We discuss the shock modification by cosmic rays, the shape and maximum energy of the cosmic-ray spectrum and the total energy budget of cosmic rays in and surrounding supernova remnants. Additionally, we discuss problems with supernova remnants as main sources of Galactic cosmic rays, as well as alternative sources.Comment: Accepted for publication by Space Science Reviews, 81 page