Abstract P228: Status and Awareness of Related Risk Factors Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: Results from a Survey of Patients and Their Attending Physicians in China

Background: CHD is product of multiple risk factors, such as dyslipidemias, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and obesity. Almost all of these risk factors are modifiable , so most of CHD are preventable. Patients’ awareness of these risk factors is very important to motivate preventive strategy. Methods: A representative questionnaire survey was performed during 2007 and 2009 among patients definitely diagnosed as CHD and their attending physicians from cardiology departments in 26 hospitals in China. The survey was divided into two parts. One part contained questions for patients on awareness of their diagnosis of myocardial infarction, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus and status of smoking and physical activity. Another part contained questions for attending physicians on the patient's diagnosis of these diseases. Regarding the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus, we included the case only if both patient and physician answered the questions. Physician's diagnosis were defined as the correct answer. Results: 4373 patients and their attending physicians completed the questionnaire and their answers were included in this survey. Patients were 61.2±11.2 years old, and 3199 patients (73.2%) were male. The percentage of myocardial infarction, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus in these patients diagnosed by physicians were 51.2%, 63.4%, 49.7%, and 27.7%. While most of the patients can correctly answer whether they have myocardial infarction (90.7%), hypertension (96.0%), or diabetes (97.3%). Only 81.2% patients can tell whether they have hyperlipidemia correctly, and 68.6% patients who was diagnosed as hyperlipidemia knew they had it. Among all the patients, 23.1% of them were current smokers and 48.7% of them exercised regularly. Conclusions: Many chinese CHD patients complicated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. The level of patients’self-identification of CHD related risk factors is unsatisfactory. To improve the quality of care of CHD patients, Chinese medical service provider should pay more attention to patients’ education. </jats:p

Multi-Scale Analysis of Changes in Crack-Free Flattened Moso Bamboo After Saturated Steam Treatment and Flattening Process

ABSTRACTIn this study, Moso bamboo was firstly softened by saturated steam and then pressed flat by a machine. The modification effect (high-temperature saturated steam) was characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and wet chemistry. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to investigate the effects of three variables (temperature, time, and moisture content) on the thermal-mechanical properties of Moso bamboo. The results indicated that high-temperature saturated steam can effectively soften bamboo cells under high pressure at high temperature. As expected, in comparison with reference samples, the content of hemicellulose and cellulose decreased, while that of relative lignin increased. The results of the changes in main chemical composition were further confirmed by FTIR, which showed that the intensity of the main peak belongs to hemicellulose decreased, so the polysaccharide such as hemicellulose went through the process of hydrolysis and pyrolysis. An increase in the moisture content of bamboo led to a decrement in storage modulus value, which can be attributed to the plasticizing effect. Both temperature and time had a positive effect on the reduction in glass transition temperature. This conclusion not only helps to understand the relationship between bamboo and water, but also provides guide for the utilization and production process of crack-free flattened bamboo board and its products in the construction and building fields.</jats:p