APIExample: An effective web search based usage example recommendation system for java APIs

Programmers often learn how to use an API by studying its usage examples. There are many usage examples scattered in web pages on the Internet. However, it often takes programmers much effort to find out the desired examples from a large number of web pages by web search. This paper proposes a tool named APIExample that can extract usage examples for java APIs from web pages on the Internet and recommend them to programmers. Given a java API, the tool collects its related web pages from the Internet, extracts java code snippets and their surrounding descriptive texts embedded in the pages, then assembles them into usage examples for programmers. Furthermore, in order to help programmers capture more kinds of usages of the target API by browsing fewer examples, our tool clusters and ranks the listed examples based on the target API's usage. Besides, as a practical tool, APIExample provides multiple aspects of frequently-used information about using the target API in a concise user interface with friendly user experience. Two kinds of user-interaction style, a web search portal and an Eclipse plug-in, are now both publicly available. ? 2011 IEEE.EI

Safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in esophageal cancer: real-world multicenter retrospective study in China

Summary Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown a powerful benefit in the neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer, but evidence for its safety and efficacy is limited and may not reflect real-world practice. We retrospectively reviewed the database of treatment-naive patients from 15 esophageal cancer centers in China who received ICIs as neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer from May 2019 to December 2020. The primary endpoints were rate and severity of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Secondary endpoints included pathologically complete response (pCR) rate, R0 resection rate, mortality and morbidity. Among the 370 patients, 311 (84.1%) were male with a median age of 63 (range: 30–81) years and stage III or IVa disease accounted for 84.1% of these patients. A total of 299 (80.8%) patients were treated with ICIs and chemotherapy. TRAEs were observed in 199 (53.8%) patients with low severity (grade 1-2, 39.2%; grade 3-4, 13.2%; grade 5, 1.4%), and irAEs occurred in 24.3% of patients and were mostly of grade 1-2 severity (21.1%). A total of 341 (92.2%) patients had received surgery and R0 resection was achieved in 333 (97.7%) patients. The local pCR rate in primary tumor was 34.6%, including 25.8% of ypT0N0 and 8.8% of ypT0N+. The rate of postoperative complications was 41.4% and grade 3 or higher complications occurred in 35 (10.3%) patients. No death was observed within 30 days after surgery, and three patients (0.9%) died within 90 days postoperatively. This study shows acceptable toxicity of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer in real-world data. Long-term survival results are pending for further investigations.</jats:p