Evaluation of the Genotoxicity of Endodontic Materials for Deciduous Teeth Using the Comet Assay

Objective: To evaluate genotoxicity of zinc oxide, P. A. calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate and an iodoform paste using comet assay on human lymphocytes. Material and Methods: Two positive controls were used: methyl-methanesulfonate for the P.A. calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregate; and doxorubicin for the iodoform paste and zinc oxide. There were also two negative controls: distilled water for the P.A. calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregate; and DMSO for the iodoform paste and zinc oxide. Comets were identified using fluorescence microscopy and 100 of them were counted on each of the three slides analyzed per drug test. A damage index was established, taking into consideration the score pattern that had previously been determined from the size and intensity of the comet tail. Analysis of variance, followed by Tukey’s test, was used to compare the means of the DNA damage indices. Results: The DNA damage index observed for mineral trioxide aggregate (7.08 to 8.58) and P.A. calcium hydroxide (6.50 to 8.33), which were similar to negative control index. On the other hand, damage index for zinc oxide (104.7 to 218.50) and iodoform paste (115.7 to 210.7) were similar to positive control index. Conclusion: Iodoform paste and zinc oxide showed genotoxicity at all concentrations used

Doença periodontal em adolescentes asmáticos: qual a participação do esteróide inalado

Introdução: Interações entre fatores bacterianos e imunológicos são um fator chave para a doença periodontal. Dentre os fatores de risco para as doenças periodontais, está o uso de medicações que podem causar alterações no sistema imunológico. Existe a possibilidade de os esteróides inalados usados no tratamento da asma crônica estarem envolvidos na patogênese das doenças periodontais. Objetivos: Revisar a literatura sobre o uso dos esteróides inalados e os efeitos negativos na saúde periodontal e verificar a freqüência das alterações periodontais em adolescentes usuários desta medicação. Métodos: Revisão bibliográfica na base de dados do Medline, Scielo e Lilacs com as palavras chaves: doença periodontal (gengivite e periodontite) - asma - esteróide inalado. Para o artigo original, foi realizado um estudo exploratório com 40 adolescentes asmáticos usuários dos esteróides inalados que foi comparado com 40 adolescentes que não usavam esta medicação. Avaliou-se Índice de Placa Visível, Índice Gengival, Presença de Recessão e/ou Hiperplasia Gengivais e o Índice de Perda de Inserção Periodontal. Resultados: Nos usuários dos esteróides inalados, foram mais elevados o Índice de Placa Visível e o Índice de Sangramento Gengival e houve maior número de indivíduos com hiperplasia gengival. Para a presença de cálculo e perda de inserção periodontal, não foram encontradas diferenças significantes. Conclusões: A revisão sugere uma associação positiva entre o uso dos esteróides inalados e alterações periodontais. Pelo estudo exploratório, verificou-se que os usuários dos esteróides inalados apresentaram maior freqüência e gravidade dos parâmetros clínicos relacionados à doença periodontal (placa, sangramento e hiperplasia gengivais

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a child with Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome after dental trauma: case report

ABSTRACT Rubinstein Taybi syndrome has a genetic origin in the chromosome 16. It has physical characteristics, delay in physical and mental development, and may present oral alterations. This paper aims to report a case of prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with syndrome who, due to dental trauma, lost dental elements early. Female patient, 4 years and 7 months old, with loss of the deciduous maxillary central incisors. The data collection was carried out through anamnesis, clinical and complementary exams. After the diagnosis and the establishment of the treatment plan, we made a Denari type prosthesis. It has a tube-bar mechanism that allows maxillary growth and development. At the end of treatment, the caregiver was instructed to make periodic visits to the dentist for clinical and radiographic follow-up of the prosthesis, as well as the need for treatment with the speech therapist. The loss of anterior deciduous teeth can be associated with trauma in this region and the dental absence can affect the development and behavior of children, promoting a change in daily life and impacting the quality of life of the whole family. The Denari prosthesis is a viable treatment option for children with this syndrome, as it accompanies the maxillary growth, restores the functions of the stomatognathic system, prevents deleterious oral habits and helps with phonetics. It is necessary for the dentist to be able to offer the best treatment for these patients, as the syndrome makes it difficult, but does not impede its execution

Enxerto ósseo com rhBMP-2 em pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas: análise histológica / rhBMP-2 alveolar bone graft in individuals with cleft lip and palate: histological analysis

Este estudo avaliou histologicamente os tecidos ósseos removidos da região da fissura alveolar enxertada com rhBMP-2 em pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas, 6 a 46 meses após a cirurgia. O grupo experimental foi composto por 13 pacientes com caninos retidos na região alveolar enxertada com rhBMP-2 (Infuse®). O grupo controle foi composto por seis pacientes com caninos retidos na região alveolar contralateral ou próxima à fissura não enxertada e um com canino retido na área enxertada com osso autógeno da crista ilíaca. No ato da exposição cirúrgica do canino, 6 a 46 meses após o enxerto ósseo secundário, as biópsias dos tecidos ósseos foram retiradas e submetidas a análise histológica pela técnica hematoxilina e eosina. Os cortes microscópicos do grupo experimental (n=12) evidenciaram fragmentos de tecido ósseo viável, com osteócitos normais em lacunas, osteoblastos na superfície óssea e espaços medulares preenchidos por tecido conjuntivo fibroso e vasos sanguíneos. O quadro histológico das biópsias de tecido ósseo removidas num período de 6 a 9 meses de enxertia evidenciaram trabéculas ósseas mais desorganizadas, sem formações lamelares e com maior densidade de osteócitos por área, indicando menor grau de maturidade óssea. As do período 24 a 46 meses eram compostas somente por tecido ósseo maduro de arranjo lamelar contendo linhas de reversão/incrementais e lacunas de osteócitos. Os fragmentos de tecidos ósseos removidos da área da fissura enxertada com rhBMP-2 apresentaram morfologia histológica normal, assemelhando-se com as características teciduais do grupo controle

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data