Apert Syndrome: New Treatment and a Perspective for the Future

Treatment the Apert Syndrome is unique, therefore, divergences exist in the priority of the procedures performed by each team. The Apert Syndrome occurs in approximately 1/65,000 births and accounts for 4.5% of all craniosynostosis. Some changes in Apert Syndrome stand out, such as craniosynostosis and polydactyly

Bioethics Inserted in Oncologic Palliative Care: a Systematic Review

Introduction: Bioethics emerges in oncologic palliative care from the reflctions of that care at the end of life for cancer patients are usually inadequate because the individuals has little relief of symptoms, adverse reactions to treatment, threats of physical, social and psychological destruction and loss of functions.Material and Findings: Systematic review in MEDLINE, IBECS, LILACS and SciELO from 1 st January, 2006 to 10th January. The searchvwas conducted with the descriptors "CuidadosPaliativos" (DeCS);"Oncologia" (DeCS); "Morte e Morrer" (Keyword); and "Bioética" (DeCS) during the month of December 2013. The literature points out that physicians should not accept something as absolute truth; and to help them in their choices at the moment comes to bioethics, which does not provide ready answers, but, with its pluralistic view, makes us exercise the capacity for reflction in choosing the best conduits for the patient. It is necessary to rescue more widely the value of the care that was in the background before the search for the cure of diseases, which in a broader sense, encompasses human, spiritual and social aspects. In Brazil, the practice of euthanasia or assisted suicide are illegal conduct that typify the crime of murder, however, the suspension of therapeutic effort is not prohibited (SET), extensively comment, orthothanasia.Conclusion: Despite the possible philosophical and ideological differences, it is necessary that health professionals to really take care of severe patients, prove conscious and attentive to the rights of the individual, the real meaning of the concepts of health and disease, issues the lack of therapeutic possibilities, extreme old age and death

Social Security Status of HIV-Patients in Brazil

The studies show that HIV/AIDS disease had and is having a high impact on Populations' health but it represents serious socioeconomic problems added for individuals, families, communities and Governments of many countries. In Brazil, the National Standardization Panel of the Federal Courts, the body that comprises the Brazilian National Council of Justice, drafted the docket 78. From this docket, to grant or deny the social security benefi, the judges will not have their decisions limited only to the clinical aspects of medical experts report,starting to also consider the personal, economic, social and cultural aspects of the HIV patient. By analyzing the cases heard by Federal Court of the 5th Region, which constitutes the Brazilian states of Paraíba, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará, Alagoas and Sergipe, fourteen cases were found on appeal of special courts. Within those cases, ten were founded to be HIV positive and were granted some sort of pension and welfare benefi, and four were rejected, denying incoming thus those patients with syndrome, the right to receive benefis. The Brazilian Federal Government through the Provisional Measure no 664 from 2014 excluded the art. 151 of the Federal Law 8. 213/91 which dealt with the granting sickness benefi and disability retirement to patients with various disabling conditions which among the HIV saving a total of 18 million to public coffers.The authors point out that the exclusion or this article constitutes the loss of benefis–sickness assistance and disability retirement– those who do not have a minimum period of contribution to Social Security. That constitutes prejudice to the HIV patient´s rights in relation helpless leaving them to State coverage. In this context HIV/AIDS diagnosis not only adversely affects individual health and survival but may be associated with higher also need for care, thus resulting in higher expenses for the healthcare system

Plagiarism as another ethical issue in scientific research

The excessive demand for publications results in high plagiarism and duplicate numbers by scientists who take over existing texts into new publications. In addition to serious ethical problems, this practice hinders the generation of original material. In order to reduce the problem, softwares such as eTBLAST are being used to detect plagiarism and repeated papers. Despite the persistence of fraudsters, these tools have helped to reduce these problems; however, the ideal solution would be the basic ethical establishment principles. Therefore, plagiarism has always been a foible that could lead to fraudulent and dishonorable development of science

The HLA-DRB1 Alleles Effects on Multiple Sclerosis:a Systematic Review

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that affects sensitive and motor functions. Many population studies were made with the intent of knowing better the most affected groups and the disease manifestations. These review analyses some of those studies, evaluating risk factors, especially genetic relations of Human Leukocyte Antigen DRB1 (HLADRB1) gens, for developing clinical disease.Method: We have analyzed 57 articles, published between 2009 and 2014, with the key words “multiple sclerosisâ€, “genetic association studies†and “HLA-DRB1 chainsâ€, through the Scopus database. Only 18 articles were eligible for our study; they were read entirely and included in the fial analysis.Results: Most studies imply genetic and environmental factors for the incidence of MS, its age of starting and prognosis. Previous studies have shown that many gens are related in MS pathogenesis and that interactions between them are important in determining clinicalmanifestations.Limitations: Different results were observed when different populations were targeted in the studies.Conclusion: There is an important relation between HLA-DRB1 and MS in diverse population groups. Complementary studies are needed to know better the importance of environmental factors and its interaction with gens in the development of MS

The Importance Of Neuronal Plasticity In The Prognosis Of Cases Of Cerebral Ischemia: A Systematic Review

Background: Neuronal plasticity is the capacity that the neurons have to make new connections and enable new ways of transmitting information. Under this context, new methodologies are being addressed in order to measure how important this neuronal capacity is in the process of full recovery of learning in subjects who suffered damage from cerebral ischemia.Methods: A systematic review was performed on the online databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Scopus, between 1998 and 2014. The MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) descriptors used in this review were: "neuronal plasticity", "brain ischemia" and "learning". We found 164 articles that, when screened, resulted in 46 articles that met the criteria of evidence and were included in this review.Results: There are several ways available in the literature to increase neuronal plasticity to keep the learning process after bad conformations resulting from cerebral ischemia. We highlighted the most elucidated: those promoted by SMe1EC2 antioxidant, which brings therapeutic benefits when neuronal plasticity is impaired; and Atorvastatin, a statin which facilitates recovery of spatial learning. It is further observed that the body has a number of intrinsic devicessuch as the endogenous compensatory mechanisms that contribute to the development of neuronal plasticity when there is brain damage caused by ischemia.Conclusion: The improvement of neuronal plasticity appears in several studies mapped as a new and still little explored possibility of treatment of damages caused by brain processes of oxygen deprivation. Multiple devices, endogenous and exogenous, that promote an increase in neuronal plasticity, are being elucidated in an attempt to promote the full recovery of the learning process, decreased by brain damage from ischemic processes. Thus, it is pointed the necessity of scientific studies that allows to define and maximize the potentials of the neuronal plasticity