15 research outputs found

    ¿Cómo prevenir Loque Americana en nuestras colmenas?

    Get PDF
    La Loque americana es una de las enfermedades más importantes para la apicultura. Sin embargo, en la Patagonia es poco frecuente y pueden confundirse sus síntomas. Frente a la existencia de un caso aislado en la Comarca Andina consideramos importante aportar información sobre los síntomas que se deben reconocer en las colmenas y los pasos a seguir.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: De Groot, Grecia. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Laboratorio Ecotono INIBIOMA; ArgentinaFil: Mayoral, Ariel. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Laboratorio Ecotono INIBIOMA; ArgentinaFil: Huerta, Guillermo José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Sistemas de Producción y Territorios; Argentin

    Rehabilitación ecológica participativa de un arroyo urbano: efectos del trasplante y manejo de macrófitas sobre la retención de nutrientes y la estructura de la comunidad perifítica

    No full text
    Fil:De Groot, Grecia Stefanía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

    Microplastics incorporated by honeybees from food are transferred to honey, wax and larvae

    No full text
    Microplastics (MP) are ubiquitous in the environment, and there is little information available on their impact on terrestrial organisms. Their effect on insects and particularly on honeybees is relevant, given the prevalence of these organisms in the environment and the fact that they provide key ecosystem services. We conducted a field study to assess (1) the fate of these ingested MP within the hive, and (2) MP effect on Apis mellifera population growth during chronic exposure. We aimed to determine if MP ingested by honeybees are incorporated into hive matrices, including honey, and their effect on colony development and honey reserves. We fed beehives with sucrose solutions treated or untreated with 50 mg of Polyester microfibers/L for one month. Microplastic fibers (MF) from treated syrup were incorporated by adult worker bees, remaining in their cuticle, digestive tract, larvae, honey, and wax. Most of the MF were accumulated in wax showing that honey remains as a safe food. At the end of the experiment, no differences in honey reserves or bee population were observed. This is the first study to evaluate in the field the effects and dynamics of MP inside honeybee hives. Our results showed that bees can incorporate MP from the environment and deliver them into the different matrices of the hive. Concentration of MF found in honey of treated hives was like that found in commercial honey, suggesting that honeybees might be exposed to similar MP contamination levels in the environment compared to our experiment. Finally, our results highlight a way in which MP might enter the food chain, with direct implication for human health.Fil: Alma, Andrea Marina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: de Groot, Grecia Stefanía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Buteler, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Argentin

    Large-scale monoculture reduces honey yield: The case of soybean expansion in Argentina

    No full text
    Large-scale changes introduced by industrial agriculture can affect other productive activities such as beekeeping, which heavily depends on floral resources and responsible management of agrochemicals. To assess the long-term effect of soybean expansion on honey production in Argentina, we evaluated the relationships between the area cultivated with soybean and honey yield and total production by managed honeybee (Apis mellifera) hives between 1961 and 2016. Results indicate that the expansion of the area cultivated with soybean since 1996, which involved the replacement of natural habitats with extensive cultivated fields, intensive use of transgenic seeds, agrochemicals and machinery, was associated with a reduction in honey yield of ∼60 %. Furthermore, since 1996 honey yield tended to be lower in years in which the area cultivated with soybean was larger. Causal modelling of this data confirmed a strong negative effect of increasing soybean cultivation on Argentinean honey production via decreasing yield during the period 1996–2016. Although the underlying mechanisms still need to be disentangled, this work provides support to the hypothesis that the beekeeping crisis in Argentina can relate to soybean expansion. More generally, it provides evidence that industrial agriculture has a negative impact on apiculture.Fil: de Groot, Grecia Stefanía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Aizen, Marcelo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Sáez, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Morales, Carolina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Argentin

    Disponibilidad espacio-temporal de recursos melíferos en la Región Andino-Norpatagónica, Argentina [Spatiotemporal availability of melliferous resources in northwestern Argentine Patagonia]

    Get PDF
    Beekeeping in northwestern Argentine Patagonia is a small-scale production with great potential for development. Knowledge of the spatial and temporal distribution of the foraging plants that contribute to the nutrition of Apis mellifera hives is essential to plan and support this development. Classification of plant communities into units of melliferous flora can be a helpful tool for beekeeping and landscape management, informing beekeepers where and when the floral resources are available. We review the distribution in plant communities and the flowering time of melliferous species found in north-western Argentine Patagonia. We then characterize the richness and composition of melliferous species in these communities and we identify melliferous flora units and their flowering curves (phenology) based on their similarity. We identified a total of 72 botanical families, 191 genera and 254 melliferous species (114 native and 140 exotic). Melliferous species were distributed across 20 plant communities, with the greatest richness in anthropogenic and arid units. In general, the greatest richness of flowering species occurs between November and January, with a peak of nearly 170 species flowering between December and January. The increased availability of floral resources in anthropogenic areas would suggest that we should promote the development of beekeeping in these areas and restrict the pressure on natural environments. However, the large number of exotic plant species used by Apis mellifera highlights the importance of carefully planning and monitoring beekeeping development, recording the location of apiaries and the number of hives, as well as the potential effects on native pollinators and pollination of melliferous plant species

    Flora melífera de la región Andino-Norpatagónica argentina

    No full text
    La base de datos recopila las especies vegetales utilizadas por Apis mellifera como fuente de alimento en las provincias fitogeográficas Subantártica y Patagónica [1] de la región cordillerana del norte de la Patagonia argentina, con el fin de aportar a la investigación científica y al desarrollo de la apicultura local. Se reportan especies sobre las cuales se observó a Apis mellifera forrajeando polen y/o néctar (recursos florales), como también aquellas especies identificadas en análisis palinológicos y melisopalinológicos [2]. La información sistematizada para cada especie incluye taxonomía, origen, hábito y recurso floral que ofrece. Asimismo, se reportan las comunidades vegetales o ambientes en los cuales está presente cada una de las especies, y su fenología de floración con una resolución quincenal. Se detalla la totalidad de la literatura consultada de manera que la información sea completamente trazable. Se adjunta un glosario de nombres científicos y comunes de las especies vegetales.Fil: de Groot, Grecia Stefanía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Svampa, Suyai. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Andina; ArgentinaFil: Aizen, Marcelo Adrian. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Schmucki, Reto. Uk Centre For Ecology & Hydrology; Reino UnidoFil: Morales, Carolina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Argentin

    Honeys from Patagonia revealed notable pesticide residues in small-scale agricultural landscapes in the past decade

    No full text
    Bees are major pollinators of wild and cultivated plants. Pesticides have been pointed out as a major driver of wild bee declines and of notorious honey bee colony losses, with high pesticide inputs frequently linked to large-scale agriculture. We explored the presence of pesticide residues in Apis mellifera honeys from a region characterised by small-scale agriculture in North-western Patagonia, Argentina in 2014. We compared Argentine and European Union (EU) regulations for pesticide residues found, and investigated the correlation with the botanical diversity of honey palynological spectrum. We identified residues of four pesticides in seven out of ten samples (the organophosphates Chlorpyrifos-ethyl, Pirimiphos-methyl and Dichlorvos, and the pyrethroid Cypermethrin); with concentrations higher than the maximum residue levels allowed in honey by UE. We found moderate evidence that the number of pesticides in honey correlated negatively with the diversity of pollen spectrum. Our results suggest risks due to pesticides to pollinators and human health also in small-scale agricultural areas. We highlight the need of strengthen regulations and controls in Argentina and Latin America regarding pesticide use in agriculture and pesticide residues in honey.Fil: Bogo, Gherardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: de Groot, Grecia Stefanía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Medici, Sandra Karina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente. - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones en Sanidad Producción y Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Winter, Josefina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Aizen, Marcelo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Morales, Carolina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentin

    Primer registro de pesticidas en mieles de Apis mellifera L. en la región Norandino Patagónica (Argentina)

    No full text
    Las abejas y otros polinizadores están expuestos a numerosos estresores, incluido el aumento del uso de pesticidas. La agricultura intensiva, culturalmente hegemónica, aplica una amplia gama de productos para el control de plagas con efectos nocivos en las abejas, la salud y el ambiente. Si bien algunos están prohibidos o regulados en la Unión Europea, se utilizan habitualmente en países con legislaciones ambientales débiles y menos controles, como Argentina. Exploramos la presencia de pesticidas y el perfil melisopalinológico en mieles de la Comarca Andina del paralelo 42, una región con agricultura de pequeña escala. Colectamos muestras de miel cosechada entre el 14/02 y 01/03 de 2014 de 10 apiarios ubicados en paisajes diversos (incluye bosques, mallines, áreas urbanas, cultivos, pasturas, entre otros). Evaluamos la presencia de 67 pesticidas mediante GC-MSD. Encontramos residuos de insecticidas en siete muestras: tres organofosforados (clorpirifós [rango de concentración: 0,02-0,09 mg/Kg], diclorvos [0,01 mg/Kg] y pirimifos-metil [0,05-0,06 mg/Kg]) y un piretroide (cipermetrina [0,11-0,12 mg/Kg]), con un máximo de dos compuestos por muestra. Diclorvos, prohibido en Europa desde 2008, ha sido recientemente prohibido también en Argentina (2018), mientras que el resto se encontraron en concentraciones mayores a las permitidas por la normativa europea (0.05 mg/Kg). Las mieles libres de pesticidas presentaron mayor diversidad de grupos botánicos en sus perfiles polínicos y no se observaron pólenes dominantes siendo la distribución de frecuencias más equitativa que en aquellas con pesticidas. Este es el primer reporte de pesticidas en mieles de la región Norandino Patagónica, evidenciando la adopción de prácticas típicas de otras regiones del país y sugiriendo un riesgo sobre las abejas por exposición a pesticidas también en áreas agrícolas no intensivas. Es necesario avanzar en la regulación del uso de pesticidas en la agricultura como también en la detección de sus residuos en miel en la Argentina.Fil: de Groot, Grecia Stefanía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; ArgentinaFil: Bogo, Gherardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; ArgentinaFil: Medici, Sandra Karina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Winter, J.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Aizen, Marcelo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; ArgentinaFil: Morales, Carolina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; ArgentinaCongreso Argentino de ApiculturaArgentinaSociedad Argentina de Apicultore

    Fostering urban transformations in Latin America: lessons around the ecological management of an urban stream in coproduction with a social movement (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

    Get PDF
    Collaborative community-based approaches are proposed as a way to overcome the difficulties exerted by a broad range of social-ecological traps that emerge at the reconfiguration of social-ecological systems onto sustainable paths. Despite this, a deep examination of the social-ecological processes and interactions that constrain these approaches in different urban contexts is still necessary to improve their success. Latin American countries have institutional, political, and social characteristics that could constrain the pathways to sustainability in different ways from countries of the Global North, particularly in their metropolitan areas. Here, we present an experience (2015-2018) held in cooperation with workers of a social cooperative framed in an urban social movement from Argentina, related to the ecological rehabilitation of a highly degraded urban stream through the management of the riparian vegetation and the reintroduction of native macrophytes. The methodology involved a codesign approach based on a set of participatory action-research tools, together with resilience system analysis through causal loop diagrams, and three different interventions of a 200-m reach at the upstream area of the San Francisco stream (Buenos Aires, Argentina). The participatory diagnostic showed a strong negative effect of the current management guidelines on the riparian and aquatic vegetation, reflecting a positive feedback loop that reinforces this negative state, and revealed a hierarchical governance regime associated with the management of the watershed. Furthermore, it detected a strong motivation of local workers to generate transformative actions in terms of the sanitary and social-ecological improvements of the local habitat. The management actions showed a relatively high short-term survival of the macrophyte transplants (30-60% in a period of 2-4 months), displaying a strong spatial structure of the survival units, and downscaling to about 10% in the long term (6-12 months after interventions). A combination of biophysical and social processes related both to institutional and rigidity traps affected the survival of the transplants, reflecting the inertia of the current management programs to ecological improvements of the stream. In summary, the present work highlights the social-ecological constraints arising from transformative collective actions toward the ecological management of a stream at a highly vulnerable and bureaucratic urban context, with implications for social-ecological urban transformations in Latin America and the design of effective participatory governance actions in alliance with local social movements

    Phenological overlap between crop and pollinators: Contrasting influence of native and non-native bees on raspberry fruits over the flowering season

    No full text
    Phenological overlap between crop flowering and pollinators is a crucial trait for the pollination of more than 75% of the world's crops. However, crop management rarely considers the seasonal aspect of plant–pollinator mutualism. Here, we investigate the phenological overlap between crops and pollinators and how it affects pollination and fruit production. We measured the abundance and richness of native and non-native pollinators visiting raspberry flowers at two different times during the flowering season (i.e. early and late flowering periods) and examined their effects on crop yield in 16 fields. The community of pollinators foraging on raspberry flowers was more diverse and dominated by native pollinators during the early flowering period when most native plant species were flowering. Later in the season, when native flower resources declined in the surrounding environment, raspberry flowers were visited mainly by two non-native bees: managed honeybees and the invasive bumblebee Bombus terrestris. Pollinator contribution to raspberry yield was twice as high in the early flowering period compared to the late period (61% vs. 31% increase in drupelet set respectively). Flower damage caused by extremely high visitation frequencies by non-native bees in the late period was six times higher than in the early flowering period (30% vs. 5% of damaged flowers respectively). Synthesis and applications. Providing sufficient pollen and nectar resources to support wild pollinators over extended periods in agricultural landscapes can contribute to crop pollination and ensure high fruit weight and quality. This can be achieved by restoring natural and semi-natural areas near crop fields with native, long-flowering plant species. Growers and crop breeding programmes should consider selecting flowering times that coincide with periods of high diversity or abundance of native pollinators to reduce dependence on managed pollinators.This work was supported by the National Research Council of Argentina, CONICET; the Global Environment Fund, United Nations Environment Program, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (GEF/UNEP/FAO); and the Global Pollination Project; by SURPASS2 ‘Safeguarding pollination services in a changing world’, project funded under the Newton Fund Latin America Biodiversity Programme: Biodiversity–Ecosystem Services for Sustainable Development, grants awarded by the NERC, Great Britain (NE/S011870/1) and CONICET, Argentina (RD 1984/19); and by the External Fellowship Program from CONICET—Argentina (EX-2020-70985914-APN-CB#CONICET).Peer reviewe
    corecore